Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Tsunamis

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Questions and Answers

What geological event often precedes a volcanic eruption?

  • A period of heavy rainfall
  • A big earthquake (correct)
  • A minor earthquake
  • A change in atmospheric pressure

Which of the following best describes how tsunamis are formed?

  • By melting glaciers causing a sudden rise in sea level
  • By strong winds pushing water towards the shore
  • By underwater volcanic eruptions
  • By underwater earthquakes causing large waves (correct)

Why is lava from volcanoes considered dangerous?

  • Because it is radioactive
  • Because it can cause respiratory problems
  • Because it smells bad
  • Because it is extremely hot (correct)

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

<p>The movement of tectonic plates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact can tsunamis have when they reach land?

<p>They can cause floods and sometimes destroy cities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long do most earthquakes typically last?

<p>Usually no more than one minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which city was destroyed in 79 CE by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius?

<p>Pompeii (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What other city alongside Pompeii was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius?

<p>Herculaneum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following natural disasters can result from underwater earthquakes?

<p>Tsunamis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do earthquakes originate?

<p>Under the surface of the Earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are earthquakes?

Rocks or tectonic plates under the Earth's surface hitting each other, usually last less than one minute.

What are volcanoes?

A rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

What is Mount Vesuvius?

A volcano in Italy that erupted in 79 CE, destroying the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.

What are tsunamis?

Very large waves caused by underwater earthquakes.

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Study Notes

  • Earthquakes are caused by rocks or tectonic plates under the Earth's surface hitting each other.
  • Earthquakes typically last less than one minute.
  • Volcanoes around the world are numerous.
  • Lava from volcanoes is dangerously hot.
  • A large earthquake often precedes a volcanic eruption.
  • Mount Vesuvius in Italy, is a dangerous volcano.
  • Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE.
  • The eruption of Vesuvius destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
  • Underwater earthquakes can generate massive waves.
  • These waves travel rapidly toward land.
  • These waves cause floods and can destroy cities upon impact.
  • These waves are called tsunamis.

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