Earthquakes: Structure, Magnitude, and Aftershocks

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Earthquake

The sudden shaking of the ground below the Earth's surface.

Epicenter

The area directly above the focus of an earthquake.

Magnitude

The strength of an earthquake, proportional to the energy released.

Seismograph

An instrument used to record seismic waves.

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Fault

Cracks in Earth's crust between two huge plates found along plate boundaries.

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Aftershock

Smaller seismic waves following an earthquake.

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Pangaea

A single landmass that existed in the past, comprising modern continents

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Core

The innermost layer of the Earth.

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Crust

The outermost layer of Earth.

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Intensity

The strength of an earthquake based on relative effects to people in a certain locality.

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Study Notes

  • The sudden shaking of the ground below Earth's surface is an earthquake.
  • The epicenter is the area directly above the focus of an earthquake.
  • Magnitude is the strength of an earthquake, proportional to the energy released at the focus.
  • A seismograph is an instrument used to record seismic waves.
  • A fault is a crack in Earth's crust between two huge plates, located along the plate boundary.
  • An aftershock is smaller seismic waves after an earthquake.
  • Pangaea is the name given to a single landmass comprising the modern continents.
  • The core is the innermost layer of the Earth.
  • The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth.
  • Intensity is the strength of an earthquake based on relative effects to people in a certain locality.

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