Earthquake Definition and Causes
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Questions and Answers

What causes an earthquake?

  • The collision of asteroids with the Earth
  • The interaction of Earth's atmosphere and lithosphere
  • The release of energy within the earth's core
  • Sudden movement along faults in the earth's crust (correct)

How are scientists able to measure earthquake waves?

  • By analyzing volcanic eruptions
  • Through delicate instruments known as seismographs (correct)
  • Using satellites in space
  • By observing changes in ocean tides

What primarily drives the motion of tectonic plates?

  • Convection within the mantle (correct)
  • Erosion caused by water bodies
  • The rotation of the Earth on its axis
  • Solar radiation from the sun

Where do most earthquakes occur?

<p>Within the boundaries of different tectonic plates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waves are used to measure earthquake behavior?

<p>Mechanical waves through rock layers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress is generated when two objects collide?

<p>Compressional stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the five stages of an earthquake?

<p>Rupture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of aftershocks?

<p>The sudden drop in stress after the mainshock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of earthquake is caused by volcanic activity?

<p>Volcanic earthquake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of an earthquake are rocks packed so tightly together that they must crack to increase space?

<p>Dilatancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tsunamis in the ocean?

<p>Underwater earthquakes caused by movement along tectonic plate boundaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main parts of an earthquake?

<p>The aftershocks that follow the main earthquake event (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake?

<p>The focus is the depth at which the earthquake starts, and the epicenter is the surface location directly above it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seismic wave causes elliptical shaking of the Earth's surface?

<p>Rayleigh waves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault motion occurs when one block moves downwards relative to the other?

<p>Normal fault (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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