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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of earthquakes?
What type of earthquake is associated with magma in motion?
What is the instrument used to measure the motion of the ground during an earthquake?
What is the release of magma from the crater called?
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What should be included in an emergency supply kit for volcanic eruptions?
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What happens when the rocks break during an earthquake?
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Where should each family member know where the emergency supply kit is kept?
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What should be discussed with your family before a volcanic eruption?
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Study Notes
Earthquakes
- Earthquake is the shaking of the ground caused by the movement of crustal plates
- Plates moving towards or away from each other cause nearby rocks to break and slide, releasing waves of energy and triggering an earthquake
- Motion of the ground during an earthquake is measured by a seismograph
Types of Earthquakes
- Tectonic earthquake: occurs when there is sufficient stored elastic strain energy to drive fracture propagation along a fault plane
- Volcanic earthquake or tremor: a long-lasting rhythmic signal associated with magma in motion, can last for minutes or days
Volcanic Earthquake
- Happens with a strong volcanic eruption
- High temperature and pressure in the melting of rocks producing magma
- Molten rock inside the chamber is forcefully driven out by intense heat and pressure, causing a volcanic eruption
Tectonic Earthquake
- Caused by the movement of the Earth's crust
- Can occur above ground or beneath the ocean
Preparing for a Volcanic Eruption
- Have an emergency supply kit at home, containing flashlights, batteries, first-aid materials, supplies of bottled water, nonperishable food, and medicines
- Discuss and plan an emergency preparedness plan for volcanic eruptions, including where to go during an eruption and how to apply first-aid treatments
- Always listen to the radio or watch for updates on the volcanic eruption
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Description
Learn about the basics of earthquakes, including the movement of crustal plates, the release of energy, and the measurement of ground motion during an earthquake.
