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Questions and Answers
An earthquake is caused by a gradual buildup of energy without any sudden release.
An earthquake is caused by a gradual buildup of energy without any sudden release.
False (B)
The point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter is known as the epicenter.
The point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter is known as the epicenter.
True (A)
Tectonic plates move at rates of around several meters per year.
Tectonic plates move at rates of around several meters per year.
False (B)
The strength of the rocks along a fault line determines whether an earthquake will occur.
The strength of the rocks along a fault line determines whether an earthquake will occur.
Seismic waves are created only when two tectonic plates collide.
Seismic waves are created only when two tectonic plates collide.
Flashcards
Earthquake
Earthquake
A sudden release of energy within the Earths' crust, causing seismic waves to spread outward. It usually happens along a fault line - a crack or fracture in the crust.
Fault Line
Fault Line
A break in the Earth's crust where tectonic plates meet, causing stress to build up
Tectonic Plates
Tectonic Plates
Giant pieces of the Earth's crust that move slowly and cause earthquakes when they collide, slide past each other, or move apart.
Hypocenter (Focus)
Hypocenter (Focus)
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Epicenter
Epicenter
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Study Notes
Earthquake Basics
- Earthquakes are sudden energy releases in Earth's crust, creating seismic waves.
- This release occurs typically along fault lines, breaks in the Earth's crust where tectonic plates meet.
- Tectonic plate movement is due to Earth's internal heat, causing slow shifts.
- Plate interactions (sliding, colliding, separating) build stress along fault lines.
- Stress exceeding rock strength causes sudden rupture, triggering an earthquake.
Earthquake Anatomy
- Hypocenter (focus): The underground point of rupture.
- Epicenter: The surface point directly above the hypocenter.
- Seismic waves radiate outward from the hypocenter, shaking the ground.
Tectonic Plates and Earthquakes
- Earth's crust is divided into tectonic plates.
- Plates are in constant, slow motion (a few centimeters per year).
- Friction along fault lines obstructs plate movement, accumulating energy.
- Released energy results in earthquakes.
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