10 Questions
Which branch of earth science studies the Earth's atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate?
Meteorology
What is the study of the Earth's oceans in all its aspects and relationships called?
Oceanography
Which branch of earth science focuses on the processes that operate on and below the Earth's surface?
Geology
Which branch of earth science studies the universe?
Astronomy
Who constructed a chronology of human and Earth history, stating that the Earth was created in 4004 BC?
James Ussher
Which term refers to the opening on the surface from which molten or hot rock material along with gases are ejected?
Vent/ conduit
What is the complex high temperature silicate solution ancestral to all igneous rocks called?
Magma
What are the conditions that can lead to melting of rocks in the Earth's crust?
All of the above
Which term refers to substances that evaporate easily and help break chemical bonds in hot rocks, thereby lowering the melting point?
Volatiles
What is the process called when preexisting solid rock melts in special places to form magma?
Magmatism
Study Notes
Branches of Earth Science
- Meteorology is the branch of earth science that studies the Earth's atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate.
- Oceanography is the study of the Earth's oceans in all its aspects and relationships.
- Geology is the branch of earth science that focuses on the processes that operate on and below the Earth's surface.
- Astronomy is the branch of earth science that studies the universe.
Historical Figure
- Bishop James Ussher constructed a chronology of human and Earth history, stating that the Earth was created in 4004 BC.
Volcanic Features
- A volcano is the opening on the surface from which molten or hot rock material along with gases are ejected.
Igneous Rocks
- Magma is the complex high temperature silicate solution ancestral to all igneous rocks.
Rock Melting
- Conditions that can lead to melting of rocks in the Earth's crust include high temperature, high pressure, and the presence of volatiles.
- Volatiles are substances that evaporate easily and help break chemical bonds in hot rocks, thereby lowering the melting point.
Magma Formation
- Anatexis is the process when preexisting solid rock melts in special places to form magma.
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of Earth system and the branches of Earth science including geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy.
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