Podcast
Questions and Answers
Point A is a _____.
Point A is a _____.
convergent boundary
At which location is an earthquake LEAST likely to happen?
At which location is an earthquake LEAST likely to happen?
- D (correct)
- C
- B
- A
Based on the current direction of plate movement, millions of years from now South America and Africa are likely to be
Based on the current direction of plate movement, millions of years from now South America and Africa are likely to be
- Nonexistent.
- much the same as today.
- farther apart. (correct)
- closer together.
Earthquake waves are detected, measured, and recorded by instruments called
Earthquake waves are detected, measured, and recorded by instruments called
A Richter scale magnitude 8.0 earthquake is how many times larger than a magnitude 7.0 earthquake?
A Richter scale magnitude 8.0 earthquake is how many times larger than a magnitude 7.0 earthquake?
Which of the following is NOT a documented consequence of a transform fault?
Which of the following is NOT a documented consequence of a transform fault?
Which of the following statements about earthquakes is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about earthquakes is FALSE?
When a section of a fault suddenly slips and energy is released, what happens to this energy?
When a section of a fault suddenly slips and energy is released, what happens to this energy?
Earthquake activity in California is primarily caused by
Earthquake activity in California is primarily caused by
Which BEST describes the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
Which BEST describes the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
Subduction zones occur along
Subduction zones occur along
The Ring of Fire is located along the edges of the Pacific Ocean. Why are there so many volcanoes there?
The Ring of Fire is located along the edges of the Pacific Ocean. Why are there so many volcanoes there?
When two oceanic plates are moving toward each other, which of the following typically happens?
When two oceanic plates are moving toward each other, which of the following typically happens?
Stratovolcanoes are bumpier and steeper than shield volcanoes because they are
Stratovolcanoes are bumpier and steeper than shield volcanoes because they are
The series of volcanoes that includes the Hawaiian Islands provides evidence that
The series of volcanoes that includes the Hawaiian Islands provides evidence that
The diagram shows a transform boundary where two plates are subducting.
The diagram shows a transform boundary where two plates are subducting.
What role does water have in the processes shown in the diagram?
What role does water have in the processes shown in the diagram?
Along subduction zones, earthquakes closer to the plate boundary tend to be
Along subduction zones, earthquakes closer to the plate boundary tend to be
Which of the following provides evidence for plate tectonics?
Which of the following provides evidence for plate tectonics?
A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?
A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?
The largest mountain ranges in the world are found along which two types of plate boundaries?
The largest mountain ranges in the world are found along which two types of plate boundaries?
Earthquakes are associated with which type of plate boundary?
Earthquakes are associated with which type of plate boundary?
Which of the following best explains why the magnetic stripes recorded on maps of a mid-ocean ridge in the eastern Pacific Ocean are farther apart than similar stripes on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
Which of the following best explains why the magnetic stripes recorded on maps of a mid-ocean ridge in the eastern Pacific Ocean are farther apart than similar stripes on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
As the distance from a mid-ocean ridge increases, the age of seafloor crust _____.
As the distance from a mid-ocean ridge increases, the age of seafloor crust _____.
The most serious flaw in Wegener's theory of continental drift was that he did not have plausible _____.
The most serious flaw in Wegener's theory of continental drift was that he did not have plausible _____.
Bathymetric (ocean depth) maps reveal that _____ can be found on the ocean floor?
Bathymetric (ocean depth) maps reveal that _____ can be found on the ocean floor?
What process causes the location of continents to change over time?
What process causes the location of continents to change over time?
Most oceanic crust is _____ than most continental crust.
Most oceanic crust is _____ than most continental crust.
Which plate boundary is a convergent plate boundary?
Which plate boundary is a convergent plate boundary?
New ocean crust is forming at the boundary between the _____.
New ocean crust is forming at the boundary between the _____.
If the North American and Pacific plates are sliding past each other at the very slow rate of 5 cm/year (2 inches/year), why do large earthquakes occur?
If the North American and Pacific plates are sliding past each other at the very slow rate of 5 cm/year (2 inches/year), why do large earthquakes occur?
Name three types of surface features that typically form along convergent boundaries.
Name three types of surface features that typically form along convergent boundaries.
Why does magma rise to the surface from deep within Earth instead of sinking? Explain, and give an example of a similar process that happens in everyday life.
Why does magma rise to the surface from deep within Earth instead of sinking? Explain, and give an example of a similar process that happens in everyday life.
Describe and compare shield and stratovolcanoes. What shapes do each have and how did they form?
Describe and compare shield and stratovolcanoes. What shapes do each have and how did they form?
The seafloor spreads along underwater mountain ranges known as _____.
The seafloor spreads along underwater mountain ranges known as _____.
Describe two types of evidence Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift.
Describe two types of evidence Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift.
What is the main way that oceanic crust is being destroyed?
What is the main way that oceanic crust is being destroyed?
Explain how magnetic maps are used to document plate motion around divergent boundaries.
Explain how magnetic maps are used to document plate motion around divergent boundaries.
Flashcards
What is a divergent boundary?
What is a divergent boundary?
Point where plates move apart, creating new crust.
What is a convergent boundary?
What is a convergent boundary?
Point where plates collide, one may slide under another (subduction).
What is a transform boundary?
What is a transform boundary?
Plates slide past each other horizontally.
What is a seismograph?
What is a seismograph?
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Richter scale difference of 1?
Richter scale difference of 1?
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Documented consequences of transform fault?
Documented consequences of transform fault?
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Released fault-slip energy?
Released fault-slip energy?
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Primary cause of CA earthquakes?
Primary cause of CA earthquakes?
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Movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
Movement of Earth's tectonic plates?
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Where do subduction zones occur?
Where do subduction zones occur?
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Why so many volcanoes in the Ring of Fire?
Why so many volcanoes in the Ring of Fire?
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Oceanic plates move together?
Oceanic plates move together?
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Moving towards each other?
Moving towards each other?
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Main component of stratovolcanoes?
Main component of stratovolcanoes?
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What do the Hawaiian islands provide evidence of?
What do the Hawaiian islands provide evidence of?
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Role of water in subduction diagram?
Role of water in subduction diagram?
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Earthquakes closer to plate boundary tend to be?
Earthquakes closer to plate boundary tend to be?
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Evidence for plate tectonics?
Evidence for plate tectonics?
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Evidence for rift valley?
Evidence for rift valley?
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Distance from mid ocean ridge?
Distance from mid ocean ridge?
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Study Notes
- Exam covering topics related to Earth Science Unit 4.
Plate Boundaries
- Point A on the map indicates a convergent boundary.
- Earthquakes are least likely to occur at location D.
- Millions of years from now, South America and Africa are likely to be farther apart, based on the current direction of plate movement.
- The largest mountain ranges globally are found along divergent and convergent plate boundaries.
- Earthquakes are associated with convergent, transform, and divergent plate boundaries.
- Subduction zones form along convergent boundaries.
- When two oceanic plates converge, the older, denser plate subducts beneath the younger, less dense plate; this process forms an ocean trench and an island arc.
Earthquakes
- Seismographs detect, measure, and record earthquake waves.
- An earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale is 10 times larger than one with a magnitude of 7.0.
- Primarily up and down motion along the fault is NOT a documented consequence of a transform fault.
- Earthquake faults do not need to reach the surface to cause damage.
- When a fault section slips and releases energy, that energy is carried by seismic waves through the surrounding rock.
- Plate grinding alongside each other along active faults primarily causes earthquake activity in California.
- Along subduction zones, earthquakes closer to the plate boundary tend to be shallower.
- If the North American and Pacific plates slide past each other at 5 cm/year, large earthquakes occur because the friction between the plates builds up stress.
Plate Tectonics
- Earth's tectonic plates have been moving for millions of years and continue to do so.
- Seafloor topography provides evidence for plate tectonics.
- A rift valley indicates a divergent plate boundary.
Volcanoes
- The Ring of Fire has numerous volcanoes because of the many subduction zones along the edges of the Pacific Plate.
- Stratovolcanoes are steeper and bumpier than shield volcanoes due to their formation from ash and cinders.
- The series of volcanoes including the Hawaiian Islands suggests the Pacific plate moves over a hot spot.
Seafloor Spreading and Crust
- As the distance increases from a mid-ocean ridge, the age of seafloor crust increases.
- Most oceanic crust is denser than most continental crust.
- New ocean crust forms at the boundary between the North American and Eurasian plates.
- Rate of spreading at the eastern Pacific Ridge explains why the magnetic stripes recorded are farther apart than similar stripes on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge,
- The seafloor spreads along underwater mountain ranges, also known as mid-ocean ridges.
Wegener's Theory
- Wegener's theory of continental drift lacked plausible mechanisms for how the continents moved.
Subduction Processes
- Water released from a subducting slab lowers the rock's melting point above, causing it to melt.
Features Along Convergent Boundaries
- Three surface features that form along convergent boundaries include ocean trenches, volcanic arcs, and mountain ranges.
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