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Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the interaction between living organisms of the same species?
What is the term used to describe the interaction between living organisms of the same species?
Which type of consumer feeds on both plants and meat?
Which type of consumer feeds on both plants and meat?
What is the term used to describe the interaction between living and non-living factors?
What is the term used to describe the interaction between living and non-living factors?
What is the type of symbiosis where one organism is benefited while the other is harmed?
What is the type of symbiosis where one organism is benefited while the other is harmed?
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What is the term used to describe the process by which photosynthetic organisms produce their own food?
What is the term used to describe the process by which photosynthetic organisms produce their own food?
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What is the biosphere?
What is the biosphere?
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What is the smallest unit of living things?
What is the smallest unit of living things?
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What is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
What is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
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What is the term for a group of different populations interacting with one another?
What is the term for a group of different populations interacting with one another?
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What is the main source of energy in an ecosystem?
What is the main source of energy in an ecosystem?
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Study Notes
Earth Science
- The biosphere is the portion of Earth where life occurs, including the land, water, and air that support life.
Levels of Biological Organization
- Cell: the smallest unit of living things
- Tissue: a group of similar cells
- Organ: a group of differentiated tissues doing the same work
- Organ system: a group of organs performing different functions
- Organism: an individual living thing
- Population: a group of similar organisms occupying a definite area
- Community: a group of different populations interacting with one another
- Ecosystem: a group of communities interacting with their abiotic factors
- Biosphere: all ecosystems on Earth with their physical environment
- Earth: the planet
Ecosystem
- An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment.
- The biosphere describes a group of ecosystems.
Components of the Ecosystem
Abiotic Factors
- Water: an inorganic substance that helps in seed germination, acts as a habitat for aquatic organisms, and is known as the 'universal solvent'.
- Soil: a material formed from small particles of rock mixed with organic materials and minerals, found in the upper layer of the Earth's crust.
- Wind: the horizontal movement of air used for transportation, pollination, and as a source of energy.
- Sunlight: the main source and oldest of all energy sources, affecting animals and plants.
- Temperature: the hotness or coldness of an area, affecting the presence or absence of animals in different habitats.
Biotic Factors
- Autotrophs: self-feeding organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis, acting as producers in food chains.
- Heterotrophs: consumers in an ecosystem that feed on other organisms or organic matter.
Types of Consumers
- Herbivores: organisms that feed only on plants.
- Carnivores: organisms that feed on meat.
- Omnivores: organisms that feed on both meat and plants.
- Decomposers: organisms that convert materials from dead or decaying matter into nutrients for the soil.
Types of Consumer as to Level of Nourishment
- Primary consumers: consumers that feed on producers.
- Secondary consumers: consumers that feed on primary consumers.
- Tertiary consumers: consumers that feed on secondary consumers.
Interaction Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors
- Abiotic-abiotic interaction: interaction among physical factors.
- Biotic-biotic interaction: interaction among living factors.
- Biotic-abiotic interaction: interaction between living and non-living factors.
Symbiosis
- Symbiosis is a relationship between two or more organisms in which one or both organisms benefit.
- 5 types of symbiosis:
- Mutualism: relationship where both organisms benefit.
- Commensalism: relationship where one organism benefits while the other is unaffected or unharmed.
- Parasitism: relationship where one organism benefits while the other is harmed or affected.
- There are two types of parasites: Endoparasite (inside the body) and Ectoparasite (outside the body).
- Competition: relationship where two or more organisms living in the same area compete with one another for the resources needed.
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Description
Explore the basics of earth science and learn about the different levels of biological organization, from cells to organisms. Understand the structure and functions of each level.
