Earth Science Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following processes is primarily responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?

  • Erosion by wind and water
  • Tidal forces from the moon
  • Gravitational pull from the sun
  • Convection currents in the Earth's mantle (correct)

What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

  • Foliated
  • Sedimentary
  • Igneous (correct)
  • Metamorphic

Which of the following is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?

  • Argon
  • Nitrogen (correct)
  • Oxygen
  • Carbon Dioxide

What is the primary cause of tides on Earth?

<p>The gravitational pull of the Moon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a convergent plate boundary?

<p>Volcanic arcs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following energy sources is considered renewable?

<p>Solar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of weathering involves the breakdown of rocks through chemical reactions?

<p>Chemical weathering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following layers of the Earth is liquid?

<p>Outer core (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

<p>Transpiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the boundary between the crust and the mantle?

<p>The Mohorovičić discontinuity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Earth Science

The study of Earth's structure, properties, processes, and four and a half billion years of biotic evolution.

System

A group of interdependent parts enclosed within a boundary; the Earth is a dynamic planet with interacting parts and a complex system.

Hypothesis

A tentative explanation that is tested to determine if it is valid; a possible but yet unproven explanation.

Theory

A well-tested and widely accepted view that the scientific community agrees best explains certain observable facts.

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Scientific Hypothesis

A tentative explanation that is tested to determine if it is valid; a possible but yet unproven explanation.

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Scientific Theory

A well-tested and widely accepted view that the scientific community agrees best explains certain observable facts.

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Scientific Model

A representation of a real object or event.

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