Earth Science Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary focus within the discipline of oceanography?

Investigating marine life and ecosystems.
Studying the chemical composition of ocean water.
Analyzing weather patterns and climate change impacts. (correct)
Understanding ocean currents, tides, and waves.

Which geological process is primarily responsible for the creation of new crustal material?

Sedimentation in inland basins.
Erosion at subduction zones.
Volcanism at mid-ocean ridges. (correct)
Weathering on continental landmasses.

What is the primary driving force behind the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?

Convection currents in the mantle. (correct)
Atmospheric pressure gradients.
Changes in Earth's rotational speed.
Gravitational pull of the moon.

In the context of the rock cycle, what is the key difference between sedimentary and metamorphic rocks?

Metamorphic rocks have been altered by heat and pressure, while sedimentary rocks are formed from accumulated sediments. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of plate tectonics?

The daily changes in weather patterns. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the asthenosphere in the context of plate tectonics?

It is a semi-molten layer that allows the lithosphere to move. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of studying the geological time scale in Earth science?

It provides a framework for understanding the timing and relationships of past events in Earth's history. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which process plays the most significant role in the transfer of water from the oceans to the atmosphere?

Evaporation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following human activities is the LEAST likely to contribute to climate change?

Reforestation and afforestation efforts. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the focus of environmental science as a discipline?

Investigating the interactions between humans and the environment. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Earth Science?

The study of the Earth, its structure, processes, and history.

What is Geology?

The study of Earth's solid materials and structures, including rocks and minerals.