Earth Science Chapter 5 Quiz

<p>The sphere encompassing all living things on Earth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the Earth's solid, rocky outer layer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oceanic tide creation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between continental and oceanic crust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mixture of the Earth's crust and upper mantle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dynamic and constantly changing due to geological processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A thin layer of either oceanic or continental crust (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inner core is solid, while the outer core is liquid, generating Earth's magnetic field. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mantle makes up the majority of Earth's volume. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magma is generated within the mantle, composed of partially melted rocks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Density would generally increase due to changes in composition and pressure with depth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratosphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The condensation of water vapor from jet engine exhaust in the cold air. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evaporation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>500 km (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The evaporation-condensation cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of clouds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Troposphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It absorbs and scatters harmful UV rays. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the densest layer, containing a significant proportion of the atmosphere's mass. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solar energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erosion by flowing water carving through mountainous terrain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The elevation relative to the surrounding areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filling of cavities left by melting glaciers after the last ice age. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folding of the Earth's crust due to colliding tectonic plates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shields are dome-shaped, while plateaus are relatively flat. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saltwater makes up the vast majority of the hydrosphere, with only a small fraction available as accessible surface freshwater. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The core is composed of two parts, a solid inner core and a liquid outer core, both primarily made of iron and nickel. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.0002X (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease the volume of water stored in glaciers and ice caps while increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 kilometers, reaching $300°C$, exceeding the survival limit for almost all living organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saltwater &gt; Freshwater &gt; Accessible Freshwater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upper mantle rocks are solid, while the deeper mantle rocks are partially molten, resembling a thick paste. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mantle, where partially molten rocks exist. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Other regions with abundant freshwater resources would likely face increased pressure and demand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continental crust, forming the landmasses, and oceanic crust, located beneath the oceans. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parachuting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Troposphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wind energy transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains the most air and water vapor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesosphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auroras (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solid outer layer of Earth including mountains and plains.

All the water on Earth: oceans, lakes, rivers.

The layer of gases surrounding Earth, essential for life.

The sphere containing all living organisms on Earth.

Spheres interact, e.g. heavy rain floods affecting soil and vegetation.

The innermost part of the Earth, composed of iron and nickel, divided into inner (solid) and outer (liquid) core.

The layer surrounding the core, made of partially melted rocks and solid rocks near the crust.

The outermost solid layer of the Earth, divided into oceanic (thinner) and continental (thicker) crust.

The core makes up about 17%, mantle about 81%, and crust less than 2% of Earth's total volume.

The temperature decreases as you move from the core toward the surface of the Earth.

The Earth consists of three main layers: core, mantle, and crust.

Magma is molten rock that originates from the mantle and erupts as lava from volcanoes.

The outermost layer of the lithosphere, where landforms exist.

The solid part of the mantle located directly below the Earth's crust.

Natural events like earthquakes and volcanic activity occurring in the lithosphere.

The thickness of the lithosphere ranges from 70 km to 150 km.

The collection of forms on the lithosphere's surface, including heights and depressions.

A vast, flat area at least 300 meters above surrounding land.

An ancient, elevated plateau that is slightly dome-shaped.

A high-elevation area with steep slopes formed from tectonic activity.

Low-lying areas found between mountains, often formed by erosion.

The lowest atmospheric layer, containing the most air and weather phenomena.

The second layer where temperature increases and contains the ozone layer.

The layer where temperature decreases and space debris burns up.

An upper layer with extremely high temperatures and where auroras occur.

Part of the stratosphere that absorbs 90% of harmful UV rays.

The process where water changes from liquid to vapor due to heat from the sun.

The process where water vapor cools and turns back into liquid water, forming clouds.

The process where water droplets in clouds fall to Earth as rain, snow, or hail.

The continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

The water cycle helps transfer heat between the oceans, atmosphere, and continents.

White trails left by airplanes due to water vapor condensing in the troposphere.

Saltwater makes up 97.2% of Earth's total water, mainly found in oceans and seas.

Freshwater constitutes only 2.8% of Earth's total water, crucial for life.

Freshwater sources include glaciers, groundwater, surface water, and vapor.

Freshwater is a scarce resource, making up only 0.02% of all water on Earth.

Air is primarily made of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with 1% being other gases.

The use of aircraft like airplanes and helicopters to transport people or goods quickly.

Various fun activities include parachuting, kite flying, and hot air ballooning.

Devices that convert wind energy into electricity, harnessing the power of air movement.

Air density is highest in the troposphere, decreasing with altitude; most mass is within 10 km from Earth's surface.