Questions and Answers
What is the scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth?
Which option describes oceanography?
What does meteorology study?
What is astronomy?
Signup and view all the answers
Define hydrosphere.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the atmosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the geosphere?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the biosphere refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Describe the Earth's crust.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mantle of the Earth?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the core of the Earth consist of?
Signup and view all the answers
Define hypothesis.
Signup and view all the answers
What is a theory in scientific terms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Earth Science?
Signup and view all the answers
Define a system.
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'geo-' relate to?
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'astro-' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'hydro-' mean?
Signup and view all the answers
What does '-ology' signify?
Signup and view all the answers
What is '-ography'?
Signup and view all the answers
What does '-nomy' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an open system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a closed system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a scientific law?
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'bio-' stand for?
Signup and view all the answers
What is biotic?
Signup and view all the answers
What is abiotic?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Nebular Theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What is latitude?
Signup and view all the answers
Define longitude.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Prime Meridian?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Equator?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a topographic map?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a contour line?
Signup and view all the answers
Define contour interval.
Signup and view all the answers
What is a geologic map?
Signup and view all the answers
What is scientific inquiry?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the scientific method?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the sources of energy for Earth?
Signup and view all the answers
What are renewable resources?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a nonrenewable resource?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the estimated human population of Earth?
Signup and view all the answers
List some significant threats to the environment from humans.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Earth Science Overview
- Geology: Study of Earth's origin, history, and structure.
- Oceanography: Focus on oceans and oceanic phenomena.
- Meteorology: Examines the atmosphere, weather, and climate.
- Astronomy: Investigates the universe at large.
Earth Components
- Hydrosphere: Comprises Earth's water bodies, including oceans, lakes, and rivers.
- Atmosphere: A mixture of gases enveloping Earth.
- Geosphere: Solid Earth, including crust and outer mantle.
- Biosphere: Total area of Earth that hosts life, encompassing all ecosystems.
Earth's Structure
- Crust: Thin, solid outer layer above the mantle.
- Mantle: Layer of hot, solid material between crust and core.
- Core: Dense, metallic center of the Earth.
Scientific Concepts
- Hypothesis: Testable explanations derived from prior research.
- Theory: Well-supported concepts explaining diverse observations.
- Earth Science: Encompasses various sciences related to Earth and its cosmic neighborhood.
Systems and Terminology
- System: An interacting group of parts forming a cohesive whole.
- Geo-: Prefix denoting relation to Earth.
- Astro-: Prefix indicating relation to space or celestial bodies.
- Hydro-: Prefix meaning related to water.
- -ology: Suffix for branches of knowledge or science.
- -ography: Suffix denoting a subject of study or mapping.
- -nomy: Refers to a specified area of knowledge or governing laws.
System Types
- Open System: Matter can enter or exit the system.
- Closed System: Matter remains confined within the system.
Scientific Principles
- Scientific Law: Predictable statements about expected outcomes under defined conditions.
Ecology and Energy
- Bio-: Pertains to life; biotic refers to living entities, while abiotic describes non-living components.
- Nebular Theory: Explains solar system origins through a rotating nebula of gases and dust.
- Energy Sources: Sun and Earth's interior are primary energy sources for the planet.
Geographic and Mapping Concepts
- Latitude: Measurement of distance north or south of the equator.
- Longitude: Measurement of distance east or west from the Prime Meridian.
- Prime Meridian: Reference line for 0 degrees longitude.
- Equator: Reference line for 0 degrees latitude.
- Topographic Map: Displays surface features and elevation changes.
- Contour Line: Connects points of equal elevation on a topographic map.
- Contour Interval: Elevation difference between contour lines.
- Geologic Map: Shows distribution of rock units and structures across a region.
Scientific Methodology
- Scientific Inquiry: Varied approaches for investigating the natural world and formulating evidence-based explanations.
- Scientific Method: Systematic approaches to solving scientific problems.
Natural Resources
- Renewable Resources: Natural resources that can replenish within a human lifespan.
- Nonrenewable Resource: Resources with no replacement in a useful timescale.
Environmental Concerns
- Human Population: Approximately 8 billion on Earth.
- Environmental Threats: Major issues include air pollution, acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with flashcards on key terms from Chapter 1 of Earth Science. This quiz covers essential topics such as geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy, providing a solid foundation in understanding our planet and its systems.