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Early Theories on Earth's Origin

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Questions and Answers

Which of these best describes the central premise of the Nebular Hypothesis as proposed by Kant and Laplace?

Planets were created by the accretion of solids within a disk-shaped cloud.
Planets originated from material ejected due to a near collision with a wandering star.
Planets condensed from a cloud of material surrounding a young, slowly rotating sun. (correct)
Planets formed from a solar nebula composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.

What was the specific modification to the nebular hypothesis proposed by Chamberlain and Moulton?

The sun had a companion star which greatly affected the formation of planets.
The sun's rotation was responsible for planets formation.
A passing star drew material from the sun which became the planets. (correct)
Planets formed from rotating solar nebulae of hydrogen, helium and dust.

According to the binary theories of Jeans and Jeffrey, what was a key factor in the formation of planets?

A disk-shaped cloud of dust and gas around the sun.
The existence of a companion to the sun. (correct)
A collision between the sun and another star.
The gradual cooling of the solar nebula.

The revised nebular hypothesis, proposed by Schmidt and Weizsäcker, introduces which key mechanism for early planet formation?

<p>Planets are formed through the accretion of solids within a disk-shaped cloud. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately reflects a difference between the early Nebular Hypothesis and the revised version?

<p>The early version proposed planets formed directly from the sun's material whilst the revised version suggests formation from a disk-shaped cloud where accretion occurs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nebular Hypothesis

Planets formed from a cloud of material around a young, slowly rotating sun.

Chamberlain and Moulton's Theory

Suggested a passing star pulled material from the sun, creating planets from this ejected material.

Binary Theories

Planets formed from material pulled from a companion star to our sun.

Revised Nebular Hypothesis

A disk of gas and dust around the sun, with particles colliding and forming larger objects.

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Accretion

The process where small solid particles combine to form larger objects, like planets.

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Study Notes

Early Theories on the Origin of the Earth

Nebular Hypothesis (Kant and Laplace, 1796): Planets formed from a cloud of material around a young, slow-rotating sun.
Chamberlain and Moulton (1900): A passing star caused material to be ripped from the sun, forming a cigar-shaped cloud that condensed into planets.
Binary Theories (Jeans and Jeffrey): A companion star to the sun interacted, leading to planet formation.
Revised Nebular Hypothesis (Schmidt and Weizsäcker, 1950): The sun was enveloped by a solar nebula composed of hydrogen, helium, and dust. Friction and collisions resulted in a disk-shaped cloud. Planets formed through accretion (solids combining to form larger bodies).

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