Early Theories of Earth's Origin

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Questions and Answers

According to the Nebular Hypothesis, how were the planets formed?

  • Through the collision of multiple wandering stars
  • By the sudden explosion of the solar surface
  • As a result of a binary star system
  • From a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun (correct)

Who developed the Nebular Hypothesis?

  • Immanuel Kant (correct)
  • Abbe Georges Lemaitre
  • Chamberlain and Moulton
  • Pierre Laplace

What is the main component of the solar nebula according to the revised Nebular Hypothesis?

  • Hydrogen and helium along with dust (correct)
  • Carbon and oxygen along with nitrogen
  • Silicon and iron along with water vapor
  • Nitrogen and methane along with ammonia

Who provided the first theory on the origin of the Universe?

<p>Abbe Georges Lemaitre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory explains the origin of the universe as an expanding universe hypothesis?

<p>Big Bang Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who revised the Nebular Hypothesis in 1950 along with Otto Schmidt?

<p>Carl Weizascar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist provided evidence that the universe is expanding?

<p>Edwin Hubble (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the single point where all matter that formed the universe existed?

<p>Singularity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated age of the big bang event?

<p>13.7 billion years ago (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory considered the universe to be roughly the same at any point of time and was eventually proven incorrect?

<p>Steady State theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds collapse under their own gravitational attraction and form stars called?

<p>Star formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage of star formation is an early stage where nuclear fusion is yet to begin?

<p>Protostar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which stage does a star's core temperature become high enough to start fusion reactions, fusing hydrogen atoms to form helium atoms?

<p>Main Sequence Star (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the later stages of a star's evolution as it runs out of hydrogen fuel at its center?

<p>Formation of Red Giant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when massive stars undergo explosive death, obtaining the brightness of 100 million suns for a short time?

<p>Supernovae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage of star formation allows helium molecules to fuse at the core and prevents the core from collapsing?

<p>Fusion of Heavier Elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What celestial body orbiting around the sun, weighing for self gravity and nearly round in shape is called a dwarf planet?

<p>Ceres (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is believed to be the result of a giant impact called 'big splat' that occurred approximately 4.44 billion years ago?

<p>The formation of the moon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the main components of the early Earth's atmosphere?

<p>Water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, ammonia, and free oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process led to the release of gases from the interior of the Earth, thereby starting the evolution of the present atmosphere?

<p>Degassing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Earth has the highest density?

<p>Inner core (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event allowed life to expand from oceans to land?

<p>The extinction of dinosaurs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which geological period did reptiles dominate and replace amphibians?

<p>Permian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated age range for the Pre-Cambrian era?

<p>5000 – 13,700 Million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major event allowed oxygen to flood the atmosphere around 2,000 million years ago?

<p>Photosynthesis in oceans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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