Early History of Vietnam

Early History

• Việt Nam's history dates back to the Hồng Bàng Dynasty (2879 BCE - 258 CE)
• The country was divided into two regions: Văn Lang (north) and Cửu Chan (south)
• The Hồng Bàng Dynasty was overthrown by the Triệu Dynasty (257 - 207 BCE)

Chinese Domination (111 BCE - 939 CE)

• Việt Nam was conquered by the Han Dynasty in 111 BCE, marking the beginning of Chinese domination
• The country was renamed Giao Chỉ (Jiaozhi) and was under Chinese rule for over 1,000 years
• The Trưng Sisters (Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị) led a rebellion against the Chinese in 40 CE, but were ultimately defeated

Independence and Feudal Period (939 - 1802)

• Ngô Quyền declared independence from China in 939 CE, establishing the Ngô Dynasty
• The Lý Dynasty (1009 - 1225) and Trần Dynasty (1225 - 1400) followed, with the Trần Dynasty repelling three Mongol invasions
• The Hồ Dynasty (1400 - 1407) and Later Trần Dynasty (1407 - 1413) also ruled during this period
• The Lê Dynasty (1428 - 1527) and Mạc Dynasty (1527 - 1592) fought for power, with the Trịnh and Nguyễn lords eventually dividing the country

Nguyen Dynasty and French Colonization (1802 - 1945)

• The Nguyễn Dynasty (1802 - 1945) was established, with Gia Long as the first emperor
• Việt Nam was colonized by France in 1862, with the country being divided into three parts: Cochinchina, Annam, and Tonkin
• The French exploited Việt Nam's resources, leading to widespread poverty and discontent

Modern Era (1945 - Present)

• The August Revolution in 1945 led to the declaration of independence by Hồ Chí Minh, establishing the Democratic Republic of Việt Nam
• The First Indochina War (1946 - 1954) and Vietnam War (1955 - 1975) followed, with the country eventually reunifying under communist rule in 1976
• Since then, Việt Nam has transitioned to a socialist-oriented market economy and become a major player in Southeast Asian politics.

Early History

• Việt Nam's history dates back to 2879 BCE with the Hồng Bàng Dynasty
• The Hồng Bàng Dynasty ruled the country, which was divided into two regions: Văn Lang (north) and Cửu Chan (south)
• The Triệu Dynasty overthrew the Hồng Bàng Dynasty in 257 BCE, marking the end of the Hồng Bàng Dynasty

Chinese Domination

• The Han Dynasty conquered Việt Nam in 111 BCE, renaming it Giao Chỉ (Jiaozhi) and ruling for over 1,000 years
• The Trưng Sisters led a rebellion against the Chinese in 40 CE, but were ultimately defeated
• Chinese domination lasted from 111 BCE to 939 CE

Independence and Feudal Period

• Ngô Quyền declared independence from China in 939 CE, establishing the Ngô Dynasty
• The Lý Dynasty ruled from 1009 to 1225 CE, followed by the Trần Dynasty from 1225 to 1400 CE
• The Trần Dynasty repelled three Mongol invasions
• The Hồ Dynasty and Later Trần Dynasty ruled briefly from 1400 to 1413 CE
• The Lê Dynasty and Mạc Dynasty fought for power from 1428 to 1592 CE
• The Trịnh and Nguyễn lords eventually divided the country

Nguyen Dynasty and French Colonization

• The Nguyễn Dynasty was established in 1802 CE, with Gia Long as the first emperor
• Việt Nam was colonized by France in 1862 CE, divided into three parts: Cochinchina, Annam, and Tonkin
• The French exploited Việt Nam's resources, leading to widespread poverty and discontent

Modern Era

• The August Revolution in 1945 CE led to the declaration of independence by Hồ Chí Minh
• The Democratic Republic of Việt Nam was established in 1945 CE
• The First Indochina War (1946-1954) and Vietnam War (1955-1975) followed
• The country reunified under communist rule in 1976 CE
• Since then, Việt Nam has transitioned to a socialist-oriented market economy and become a major player in Southeast Asian politics

Learn about the early history of Vietnam, from the Hồng Bàng Dynasty to Chinese domination, and explore the key events and periods that shaped the country's past.