Early Georgia History Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was Hartsfield Airport's status during the 1950s and 1960s?

It was a regional facility.

It was primarily used for cargo.

It was closed for renovations.

It became a national airport. (correct)

What challenge did Atlanta voters face with the county unit system?

Their votes counted proportionally less than rural counties. (correct)

They were unable to elect any candidates during the Civil Rights Era.

They dominated statewide elections against urban interests.

They had too much representation in statewide elections.

Who was Eugene Talmadge?

A Supreme Court justice involved in Brown v. Board of Education.

A governor who won elections without campaigning in urban areas. (correct)

A political candidate who promoted urban development.

A civil rights activist opposing segregation.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Brown v. Board of Education?

Public education must be fully integrated. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Republican governor of Georgia since Reconstruction?

Sonny Perdue Signup and view all the answers

What was a political response in Georgia following the Brown v. Board of Education ruling?

Closure of schools to resist integration. Signup and view all the answers

What shift occurred in Georgia's economy during the early 2000s?

Decline in manufacturing jobs Signup and view all the answers

In what significant way did Atlanta's political climate differ from the state at large during the Civil Rights Era?

Atlanta had a more racially moderate and economically progressive stance. Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred in Georgia politics in 1946?

The death of a governor-elect leading to a controversy. Signup and view all the answers

What economic challenge did Georgia face after the recession began in 2008?

Budget cuts affecting government services Signup and view all the answers

What was included in the redesign of the Georgia state flag in 1956?

The Confederate battle flag. Signup and view all the answers

By how many residents did Atlanta's population increase between 2000 and 2006?

900,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which industries primarily experienced job losses in Georgia's rural counties from 1997 to 2005?

Textile and apparel industries Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant environmental issue faced by Georgia in the mid-2000s?

Significant drought Signup and view all the answers

Which group of immigrants notably increased employment in Georgia's agricultural sector?

Latinos Signup and view all the answers

Which metropolitan area did Atlanta surpass in population by 2007?

Boston, Massachusetts Signup and view all the answers

What significant cultural change occurred in Georgia with the arrival of European explorers?

The decline of Mississippian cultures and formation of larger societies Signup and view all the answers

What role did Hernando de Soto's expedition play in the history of Georgia?

It provided extensive documentation of native life before the eighteenth century. Signup and view all the answers

Which Native American groups played significant roles in Georgia's colonial history?

Creeks and Cherokees Signup and view all the answers

How did the Spanish presence in Georgia manifest between 1568 and 1684?

Through the establishment of short-lived missions along the coast Signup and view all the answers

Which significant event marked the Spanish attempts to settle in Georgia?

Lúcas Vázquez de Ayllón’s expedition in 1526 Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Catholic missionaries in Georgia during the Spanish presence?

They played a key role in assimilating Native American populations. Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of the Mississippian cultures in Georgia?

Their establishment of large urban centers with complex societies Signup and view all the answers

What geographical locations are notably associated with mounds from the Mississippian period?

Ocmulgee and Etowah Signup and view all the answers

What significant action did Congress take regarding Georgia's newly elected congressmen?

Imposed military rule and banned them from taking their seats Signup and view all the answers

Which group returned to power in Georgia by late 1871?

The Bourbon Triumvirate Signup and view all the answers

What term did white southerners use to describe the period after the Redemption era?

Jim Crow Era Signup and view all the answers

Which politician is known for promoting the idea of a prosperous 'New South'?

Henry W. Grady Signup and view all the answers

What year did Georgia finally seat its congressmen in the House of Representatives?

1870 Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Bourbon Triumvirate on Georgia's political landscape?

They industrialized the state mainly for their own profit Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Henry W. Grady's efforts for the 'New South'?

Promoting industrial growth and prosperity Signup and view all the answers

What was a key lesson provided to southern states by Congress' actions in Georgia?

Attempting to subvert federal power has severe repercussions Signup and view all the answers

What significant political event occurred for Jimmy Carter in 1980?

He lost the election to Ronald Reagan. Signup and view all the answers

Which city was described as the heart of the Sunbelt in the late twentieth century?

Atlanta Signup and view all the answers

Which major corporation moved its headquarters to Atlanta?

Delta Signup and view all the answers

What was one outcome of the 1996 Centennial Summer Olympic Games for Atlanta?

Creation of Centennial Olympic Park. Signup and view all the answers

What trend was observed in the farm population of Georgia from 1950 to 2000?

It declined sharply. Signup and view all the answers

Which agricultural products are highlighted as major productions in Georgia?

Peaches, peanuts, and Vidalia onions Signup and view all the answers

How did white support for Democrats in Georgia change in the twenty-first century?

Steadily eroded. Signup and view all the answers

What was a major industry that achieved prominence in north Georgia?

Carpet and poultry Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Early Georgia

Pottery found in Georgia reflects its diverse history
Towns with defensive structures were built during the Mississippian period
Major mounds from the period can be found at Etowah, Ocmulgee, and Nacoochee.
European explorers arrived and led to the decline of Mississippian cultures
The Creeks and Cherokees emerged from the remnants of Mississippian chiefdoms and participated in colonial Georgia
The Spanish were the first Europeans in North America but did not establish permanent settlements in what would become Georgia.
Lúcas Vázquez de Ayllón's expedition to Georgia in 1526 only lasted six weeks.
Spanish expeditions passed through Georgia from the mid-1500s to 1660s, and Hernando de Soto's 1540 expedition provided valuable documentation of Native life in Georgia
Spanish Catholic missionaries founded missions such as Santa Catalina de Guale and integrated Native American populations into colonial systems.

Georgia After the American Revolution

The US Congress reimposed military rule on Georgia in 1868, and banned Georgia's representatives from the US Congress.
This action highlighted federal power to other Southerners hoping to defy federal law and constitutional amendments.
Georgia was the last Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union in 1870 with the seating of its congressmen.

The "Redemption" Era

In 1871, a return to power by white conservative Democrats, known as the "Redeemers," led to the "Redemption era."
The Bourbon Triumvirate, composed of former Confederate Governor Joseph Brown and generals John B. Gordon and Alfred Colquitt, gained power in Georgia, holding positions like governor and US senator from 1872 to 1890.

"New South" and Populism

The Triumvirate's actions focused on industrializing Georgia, often for their own profit, with support from Henry W. Grady.
Grady was the editor of the Atlanta Constitution and promoted the "New South" concept, focusing on Atlanta as a center of economic growth.
Atlanta became the state capital in 1868 and was positioned as a transportation hub, later becoming a significant national airport with the development of Hartsfield Airport.

Civil Rights Era and Sunbelt Georgia

As the Civil Rights era unfolded, the ambitions of Atlanta's political and economic leaders diverged from those of the rest of Georgia.
Atlanta's rapidly growing population clashed with the county unit system, which gave disproportionate power to less populated rural counties.
This system hindered the election of more moderate and progressive candidates favored by Atlanta.
Eugene Talmadge, with his strong stances against racial progress and economic change, dominated Georgia politics.
In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that "separate but equal" laws were unconstitutional, leading to resistance by Georgia politicians.
Atlanta's growing economic and political influence countered this resistance.
Jimmy Carter, Democrat, won the state and the nation in 1976 and 1980 despite facing resistance from white voters on racial issues.

Sunbelt Growth

Atlanta emerged as the heart of the Sunbelt after WWII, exhibiting economic and demographic growth.
Companies like United Parcel Service relocated to Atlanta, and homegrown companies thrived.
Atlanta hosted the Centennial Summer Olympic Games in 1996, raising the city's profile and creating lasting legacy, such as Centennial Olympic Park.

Georgia in the 20th Century

North Georgia's carpet and poultry industries gained national prominence.
The southern counties maintained Georgia's reputation as a major producer of peaches, peanuts, and Vidalia onions.
However, agricultural employment declined as smaller farms merged into larger operations.

21st Century

Republicans gained power in Georgia in the 2000s, leading to Sonny Perdue becoming the first Republican governor since Reconstruction in 2003.
Manufacturing jobs, particularly in rural counties, moved overseas during the 2000s, leading to job losses in textile and apparel industries.
Agricultural industries attracted immigrants, particularly Latinos, who also found jobs in services and construction.
The recession in 2008 led to budget cuts and job losses, affecting government services in Georgia.
Atlanta's rapid growth between 2000 and 2006 made it the ninth-largest metropolitan area in the US.
While experiencing economic growth, Atlanta continues to grapple with poverty, particularly among its African American population.

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Description

Test your knowledge of early Georgia's history, focusing on its indigenous cultures, Mississippian period mounds, and European exploration. Explore the rise of the Creeks and Cherokees, as well as the impact of Spanish expeditions on the region. This quiz covers significant events and cultural shifts that shaped Georgia in its early days.