Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the primary consequence of Emperor Constantine's Edict of Milan in 313 AD?
What was the primary consequence of Emperor Constantine's Edict of Milan in 313 AD?
- It granted religious tolerance to Christians, fostering the spread of Christianity. (correct)
- It officially condemned Arianism as heresy within the Church.
- It initiated a period of intense persecution against Christians.
- It mandated Christianity as the sole religion of the Roman Empire.
What was the significance of the Council of Carthage in 251 AD in the early Church?
What was the significance of the Council of Carthage in 251 AD in the early Church?
- It established the criteria for the canonization of saints.
- It declared the Roman emperor as the head of the Church.
- It condemned the practice of infant baptism.
- It addressed the readmission of those who lapsed in their faith during persecution. (correct)
How did the actions of Clovis, King of the Franks, impact the spread of Christianity in the late 5th century?
How did the actions of Clovis, King of the Franks, impact the spread of Christianity in the late 5th century?
- He initiated the persecution of non-Christians within his kingdom.
- His conversion to Catholicism led to widespread conversions among Frankish nobles. (correct)
- He mandated the construction of churches throughout Western Europe.
- His military campaigns forced the conversion of pagan tribes.
What was Emperor Diocletian's primary objective in persecuting Christians in 303 AD?
What was Emperor Diocletian's primary objective in persecuting Christians in 303 AD?
Which of the following best describes the decision made at the Council of Nicaea?
Which of the following best describes the decision made at the Council of Nicaea?
What theological declaration was made at the Council of Ephesus?
What theological declaration was made at the Council of Ephesus?
How did the Visigoths' sack of Rome in 410 AD differ from previous invasions, particularly in their treatment of religious sites?
How did the Visigoths' sack of Rome in 410 AD differ from previous invasions, particularly in their treatment of religious sites?
What was the lasting impact of Emperor Theodosius I declaring Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire in 380 AD?
What was the lasting impact of Emperor Theodosius I declaring Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire in 380 AD?
How did the Council of Constantinople (381 AD) expand upon the theological foundations laid by the Council of Nicaea?
How did the Council of Constantinople (381 AD) expand upon the theological foundations laid by the Council of Nicaea?
What was the significance of councils of Hippo and Carthage that convened in 397 AD?
What was the significance of councils of Hippo and Carthage that convened in 397 AD?
How did Constantine's relocation of the Roman Empire's capital affect the empire's structure and administration?
How did Constantine's relocation of the Roman Empire's capital affect the empire's structure and administration?
What criteria was used to determine if a book would be included in the New Testament Canon?
What criteria was used to determine if a book would be included in the New Testament Canon?
What claim did Odoacer make after deposing Romulus Augustus in 476 A.D.?
What claim did Odoacer make after deposing Romulus Augustus in 476 A.D.?
Under which Roman emperor did the first persecutions of Christians begin?
Under which Roman emperor did the first persecutions of Christians begin?
What best describes the claim condemned at the Council of Chalcedon?
What best describes the claim condemned at the Council of Chalcedon?
What condition did Clovis, King of the Franks, impose for his conversion to Catholicism?
What condition did Clovis, King of the Franks, impose for his conversion to Catholicism?
What was the consequence of openly practicing Christianity before it was legalized?
What was the consequence of openly practicing Christianity before it was legalized?
What event prompted the construction of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome?
What event prompted the construction of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome?
Under Emperor Decius, what was required of all citizens in 250 AD?
Under Emperor Decius, what was required of all citizens in 250 AD?
In the context of Church history, what does the term 'canon' typically refer to?
In the context of Church history, what does the term 'canon' typically refer to?
Flashcards
Early Christian Persecution
Early Christian Persecution
Began under Nero, who blamed Christians for the burning of Rome.
Decius' Persecution (250 AD)
Decius' Persecution (250 AD)
Required all to worship state gods; those who refused faced torture or death.
Council of Carthage (251 AD)
Council of Carthage (251 AD)
Allowed those who lapsed in faith during persecution to return after penance.
Diocletian's Persecution (303 AD)
Diocletian's Persecution (303 AD)
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Edict of Milan (313 AD)
Edict of Milan (313 AD)
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Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
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Arianism
Arianism
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Christianity becomes official religion (380 AD)
Christianity becomes official religion (380 AD)
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Council of Constantinople (381 AD)
Council of Constantinople (381 AD)
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Councils of Hippo and Carthage (397 AD)
Councils of Hippo and Carthage (397 AD)
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Visigoths pillage Rome (410 AD)
Visigoths pillage Rome (410 AD)
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Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
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Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
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Fall of Western Roman Empire (476 AD)
Fall of Western Roman Empire (476 AD)
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Conversion of Clovis (496 AD)
Conversion of Clovis (496 AD)
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Religious Liberty
Religious Liberty
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Study Notes
- Persecution of Christians began under Roman Emperor Nero in AD 64, who blamed them for the burning of Rome.
- Emperor Decius instigated persecution in 250 AD by requiring all to worship state gods under threat of torture and death.
- The Council of Carthage convened in 251 AD, allowing those who lapsed in faith during persecution to return to the Church after penance.
- Emperor Diocletian's persecution in 303 AD was the most widespread and deadly, involving church destruction, imprisonment of clergy, and execution for refusal to worship pagan gods.
- The Edict of Milan, issued by Emperor Constantine in 313 AD, granted religious toleration to Christians, leading to the growth of Christianity.
- Christian churches began to be openly constructed after the Edict of Milan.
- Emperor Constantine assembled the 1st Council of Nicaea, which produced the Nicene Creed, affirming that Jesus and the Father are consubstantial.
- The Council of Nicaea officially condemned Arius as a heretic for teaching that Jesus was only a man and not God.
- St. Nicholas slapped Arius at the Council of Nicaea for his blasphemous teachings.
- Emperor Constantine moved the Roman Empire’s capital, creating an Eastern and Western Empire, with the West centered on Rome and the East on Constantinople (Istanbul).
- Constantine named the new capital Constantinople after himself.
- Construction of the first St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome began in 330 AD on Vatican Hill, the site of St. Peter's martyrdom.
- The original St. Peter's Basilica was the heart of Roman Catholicism until the Renaissance, when the current basilica was built.
- In 380 AD, Emperor Theodosius I made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire, outlawing paganism.
- With Theodosius' decree, the Church and the Roman Empire became inseparable.
- Emperor Theodosius I called the Council of Constantinople in 381 AD, which further defined the role of the Holy Spirit.
- The Council of Constantinople affirmed the Holy Spirit: as Lord, Giver of Life, Adored and Glorified, and Speaking Through the Prophets.
- The Councils of Hippo and Carthage in 397 AD determined the books of the New Testament, using antiquity (written before AD 100) as a criterion.
- The Councils settled on the 4 Gospels, 13 Pauline Letters, 3 Johannine Letters, 2 Petrine Letters, 1 letter each from James and Jude, Hebrews, Acts of the Apostles, and Revelation.
- These 27 books became the official New Testament canon.
- Visigoths, led by Alaric, pillaged Rome in 410 AD for three days, but churches were untouched because Alaric was a Christian.
- The sack of Rome in 410 AD was the first time Rome had been sacked since 386 BC.
- Theodosius II called the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD.
- The Council of Ephesus condemned the belief that Jesus was two persons in one body and declared Mary as the Mother of God (Theotokos).
- The Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD affirmed that Jesus is fully human and fully divine, defining the Hypostatic Union.
- The Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 AD when Romulus Augustus was deposed by Odoacer, an Ostrogoth.
- Odoacer proclaimed himself King of the Romans, marking the start of the Middle Ages in Italy and Western Europe.
- Clovis, King of the Franks, converted to Catholicism in 496 AD after vowing victory on the battlefield he converted.
- Clovis's conversion led to the conversion of many Frankish nobles and paved the way for barbarian conversions to Christianity over the next 200 years.
- Christianity was illegal until the Council of Nicaea, making public meetings dangerous for Christians.
- The Church is guided by the Holy Spirit but consists of humans capable of sin, leading to conflicts and controversies.
- Studying Church history allows learning from past events.
- Jesus promised that the gates of hell will not prevail against His Church.
- Believing the same thing is challenging, but essential, for members of a religion to maintain unity.
- Human dignity includes religious liberty, which brings about peace.
- Religious persecution has been a constant in world history.
- The United States put true religious freedom into practice, as seen in the First Amendment.
- Christians are often pressured to act against their consciences regarding issues like unjust wars, taxpayer-funded abortions, and euthanasia.
- Christian oppression occurs today in countries such as North Korea, Somalia, Libya, Eritrea, Yemen, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Sudan.
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