Early Childhood Learning Approaches
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of learning encouraged in children according to the text?

  • Through interacting with their environment and discovery (correct)
  • Through instructions and being told things
  • Through models and objects only
  • Through visual aids and diagrams only

    • What can help learning, according to the text?

  • Only storytelling
  • Only outdoor activities
  • Models, objects, and visual aids (correct)
  • Long instructions and lectures

    • What is the capability of Freda, according to the text?

  • Counting the number of animals
  • Reading stories about animals
  • Putting pens into size order
  • Working out which is the slowest and fastest animal (correct)

    • How can teachers help develop concrete operational development, according to the text?

    <p>By asking children to concentrate on more than one aspect of an issue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might a 4-year-old child associate with pain, according to the text?

    <p>Pain anywhere in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding the stages of development important for pain management, according to the text?

    <p>Because it helps health professionals understand how children perceive pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to the standards of right and wrong behaviour that can differ between cultures and depend on the situation?

    <p>Morals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of moral development in children?

    <p>Understanding right and wrong, and making moral decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main task of the child in the experiment with the three mountains model?

    <p>To pick out the picture that represents what they can see from different positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed a theory of moral development that involves stages?

    <p>Both Piaget and Kohlberg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for rules decided by the individual person?

    <p>Autonomous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of children in the pre-operational stage?

    <p>They show egocentrism and choose pictures based on their own view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is collected from the experiment with the three mountains model?

    <p>Qualitative data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Piaget use to test a child's moral development?

    <p>A story about a child breaking cups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do children start to understand that others can see the model differently?

    <p>From 7 to 9 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for rules put into place by others?

    <p>Heteronomous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between children in the pre-operational stage and those in the concrete operational stage?

    <p>Their ability to understand other people's viewpoints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the doll in the experiment with the three mountains model?

    <p>To help the child understand the doll's view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a strength of Gunderson et al.'s study?

    <p>It used video material to increase validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of praising a child's ability rather than their effort?

    <p>The child may stop trying if they are not praised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between praising a child's ability and praising their effort?

    <p>Praising ability focuses on the child, while praising effort focuses on the task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of Gunderson et al.'s study for parents?

    <p>Parents should focus on praising their child's effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea behind the phrase 'that was good reading'?

    <p>The child's actions can be good or bad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a child who believes their abilities are fixed and one who believes their abilities can be developed?

    <p>One has a fixed mindset, while the other has a growth mindset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between 'heteronomous' and 'autonomous' stages of morality development?

    <p>The focus on consequences versus intentions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Piaget, what is the primary source of morality for children aged 5 to 10 years?

    <p>Others around them, such as parents and teachers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor in determining whether an action is good or bad in the 'autonomous' stage of morality development?

    <p>The intentions behind the action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main similarity between Piaget and Kohlberg's theories of moral development?

    <p>They both use stories to assess moral development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range associated with the 'preconventional morality' level of moral reasoning, according to Kohlberg?

    <p>Up to about 9 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many stages of moral development are proposed by Kohlberg?

    <p>Six stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

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