Questions and Answers
Which organization is NOT mentioned as supporting the program during the Japanese Period and Post War?
What significant policy change occurred in the mid-1960s regarding children's education?
What was the name of the Department of Education from 1942 to 1944?
Which law established the Superior Commission of Primary Instruction in 1863?
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Which title was held by the head of the Department of Public Instruction from 1901 to 1916?
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What was the official name of the Department of Education after 1947?
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Which organization served as the legal basis for the Department of Education in 1947?
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During which period was the Department of Instruction renamed in 1946?
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What was a significant educational policy established during the Japanese occupation in the Philippines?
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Which institution was established to train aspiring Filipino teachers during the American period?
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Who pioneered preschool education in the Philippines?
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What was introduced in Manila in 1956 to enhance early childhood development?
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Which entity was responsible for reopening schools during the Japanese occupation?
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What type of education was primarily available during the precolonial period in the Philippines?
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During the post-war period, how many government-recognized kindergartens opened?
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What educational feature was emphasized in schools during the Japanese period?
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Which group played a major role in establishing formal education when they arrived in the Philippines?
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What system of writing was used by the ancestors in the Philippines during the precolonial period?
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What initiative did Dr. Miguela M. Solis advocate for in the 1950s?
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What significant educational reform was introduced in the Philippines in 1863?
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What is the purpose of the cartilla used during the Spanish period?
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Who primarily served as preschool teachers during the Spanish period?
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During the American period, what was required of every child regarding education?
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What resources were provided for free to students during the American period?
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What legal basis established the Department of Education in 2001?
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Which educational stage is NOT part of the K to 12 Basic Education program?
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Who was instrumental in pushing the K to 12 Basic Education program in 2010?
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Which of the following is the correct order of the educational cycle in the K to 12 program?
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What was the official title of the head of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports in 1984?
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Which act contributed to the Trifocalization of Education Management in 1994?
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What is the total duration of Elementary Education in the K to 12 Basic Education framework?
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What does the K to 12 Basic Education program aim to provide?
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Study Notes
Early Childhood Education in the Philippines
- The evolution of early childhood education reflects significant historical changes in the Philippines.
- The journey begins in the Precolonial Period, with education being informal and focused on vocational training through family or community tutors.
- Oral traditions were vital, conveying stories, songs, and cultural practices across generations, while the writing system used was called baybayin.
Spanish Period
- Formal education was introduced by Spanish missionaries who established schools upon arrival.
- Education primarily focused on Christianity, the Spanish language, and Spanish culture.
- Cartilla schooling became prevalent, providing children aged 3-6 with basic literacy skills in preparation for Grade 1, although not mandatory.
- The Educational Decree of 1863 mandated free primary education with at least one school for boys and one for girls in each town, marking a major milestone in accessibility.
American Period
- The American regime standardized education, requiring all children to enroll in local schools with free materials provided.
- The education system was structured as four primary years followed by three intermediate years, four years of secondary, and college.
- Act No. 74 in 1901 established a centralized public school system, bringing in 1,000 American teachers known as Thomasites.
- The Philippine Normal School was founded for teacher training, while Harris Memorial School emerged as a pioneer in preschool education.
- By the end of the American period, the number of kindergartens grew, with 129 classes enrolling 6,449 students.
Japanese Period and Post-War Era
- Japanese occupation introduced Order No. 2 emphasizing Tagalog and character education in schools.
- After World War II, preschool education revived, notably with Harris Memorial College offering courses in kindergarten education starting in 1948.
- The establishment of government-run preschools aimed to enhance early childhood education.
- Notable figures included Dr. Miguela M. Solis, who pushed for government involvement in preschool and directed the National Coordinating Center for the Study and Development of Filipino Children and Youth.
Development of Play Centers
- The introduction of play centers in the 1950s, advocated by health officials, advanced the focus on early childhood education through play.
- Civic organizations played a critical role in supporting these initiatives.
Education under Third to Fifth Republics
- 1947 marked the end of U.S. authority, leading to dynamic changes in education policy and administration.
- The Department of Education (DepEd) underwent several changes in name and structure from 1863 to present, reflecting the evolving educational landscape and governance.
K to 12 Basic Education
- The K to 12 Basic Education Program, implemented in 2010, aims to provide a holistic educational cycle, which includes:
- Kindergarten: 1 year
- Elementary Education: 6 years
- Junior High School: 4 years
- Senior High School: 2 years
- The program’s goal is to ensure equal opportunities and quality education promoting better job prospects for graduates.
Future Contributions to Education
- As aspiring educators, individuals are encouraged to reflect on personal contributions to improving the Philippine education system, emphasizing advocacy, innovation, and community engagement.
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Description
Explore the historical evolution of early childhood education in the Philippines, from the informal learning of the Precolonial Period to the formal institutions established during the Spanish Period. Learn about the significant milestones, including the impact of Christianity and the Educational Decree of 1863 on education practices.
