Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which scientist's work revolutionized atomic theory by identifying subatomic particles and proposing a new atomic model?
Which scientist's work revolutionized atomic theory by identifying subatomic particles and proposing a new atomic model?
Whose research laid the groundwork for understanding how seemingly small alterations in initial conditions can lead to significant and unpredictable outcomes in a system?
Whose research laid the groundwork for understanding how seemingly small alterations in initial conditions can lead to significant and unpredictable outcomes in a system?
Who developed a serum therapy for tetanus and diphtheria, demonstrating the potential of injections containing antitoxins to confer immunity?
Who developed a serum therapy for tetanus and diphtheria, demonstrating the potential of injections containing antitoxins to confer immunity?
Which scientist's work provided crucial measurements for determining distances between Earth and other galaxies, based on observations of pulsating stars?
Which scientist's work provided crucial measurements for determining distances between Earth and other galaxies, based on observations of pulsating stars?
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Who anticipated the link between human activity, rising global temperatures, and the increase of gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Who anticipated the link between human activity, rising global temperatures, and the increase of gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
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Which scientist developed a wave equation that offered a new understanding of how certain atomic particles, specifically electrons, behave?
Which scientist developed a wave equation that offered a new understanding of how certain atomic particles, specifically electrons, behave?
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Which two scientists simulated the conditions of early Earth to investigate the formation of simple carbon-based compounds?
Which two scientists simulated the conditions of early Earth to investigate the formation of simple carbon-based compounds?
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Which scientist made groundbreaking contributions to mathematical analysis and number theory, despite having limited formal training?
Which scientist made groundbreaking contributions to mathematical analysis and number theory, despite having limited formal training?
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Who pioneered the classification of stars and laid the foundation for the Harvard Spectral Classification system?
Who pioneered the classification of stars and laid the foundation for the Harvard Spectral Classification system?
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Which scientist was Canada's first female nuclear physicist and made important discoveries related to nuclear decay?
Which scientist was Canada's first female nuclear physicist and made important discoveries related to nuclear decay?
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Flashcards
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
German physicist who discovered X-rays in 1895, leading to advances in physics and medicine.
Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov
Russian physiologist known for developing classical conditioning through experiments with dogs.
Kitasato Shibasaburo
Kitasato Shibasaburo
Japanese bacteriologist who developed serum therapy for tetanus and diphtheria.
Chaos Theory
Chaos Theory
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J. J. Thomson
J. J. Thomson
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Svante Arrhenius
Svante Arrhenius
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Annie Jump Cannon
Annie Jump Cannon
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Henrietta Swan Leavitt
Henrietta Swan Leavitt
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Srinivasa Ramanujan
Srinivasa Ramanujan
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Erwin Schrödinger
Erwin Schrödinger
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Study Notes
Early 20th Century Scientific Discoveries
- Science became intricately linked to progress in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
- Cutting-edge discoveries challenged fundamental scientific rules in subatomic and cosmological realms
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845-1923)
- German physicist
- Discovered X-rays in 1895
- X-rays passed through human tissue but were blocked by bone/metal
- Won first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901
- Did not patent X-ray technology
Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)
- Russian-born
- Became professor of physiology in St. Petersburg
- Studied digestive secretions in dogs
- Discovered classical/Pavlovian conditioning
Kitasato Shibasaburo (1853-1931)
- Japanese physician
- Developed serum therapy for tetanus and diphtheria
- Discovered tetanus antitoxin
Jules Henri Poincaré (1854-1912)
- Mathematical physicist
- Studied chaos theory
- Noted that small changes in initial conditions can lead to large, unpredictable results
- Studied electromagnetism
J.J. Thomson (1856-1940)
- English physicist
- Developed atomic model: "plum pudding"
- Identified "corpuscles" (electrons)
- Electrons have negative charges, evenly balanced by positive charges within the atom
Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927)
- Studied physics in Uppsala, Sweden
- Became professor of physics
- Proposed that ice ages might be caused by fewer volcanic eruptions and the subsequent reduction in atmospheric gases like carbon dioxide
Annie Jump Cannon (1863-1941)
- American astronomer
- Expert on stellar spectra
- Developed star classification system
- Classified 350,000 stars
Henrietta Swan Leavitt (1868-1921)
- Studied at Radcliffe College
- Analyzed photographic plates of stars at Harvard College Observatory
- Found regular pattern of brightness in Cepheid variable stars
- Crucial for measuring distances between Earth and other galaxies
Harriet Brooks (1876-1933)
- Canadian nuclear physicist
- First woman in Canada to earn degree in nuclear physics
- Worked in Marie Curie lab in Paris
- Discovered radioactive decay phenomena
Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887-1920)
- Indian mathematician
- Made major contributions to mathematical analysis and number theory
- Received Bachelor of Science degree
- Became Fellow of Royal Society
Ronald Fisher (1890-1962)
- British statistician
- Applied statistics to scientific experimentation
- Reconciled inconsistencies between Darwinism and Mendel's experiments
Harold Urey and Stanley Miller (1893-1981; 1930-2007)
- American chemists
- Simulated early Earth conditions in lab
- Showed how simple organic molecules could form under those conditions
Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961)
- Austrian physicist
- Developed wave equation, allowing better understanding of atomic behavior (quantum mechanics)
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Description
Explore the groundbreaking scientific discoveries of the early 20th century, highlighting key figures such as Wilhelm Röntgen, Ivan Pavlov, Kitasato Shibasaburo, and Jules Henri Poincaré. This quiz delves into their contributions and the profound impact they had on the field of science, including X-rays, classical conditioning, and chaos theory.
