Ear, Nose, and Throat Medical Scenarios
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Questions and Answers

What is the appropriate next step for a doctor when a child has a foreign body lodged in the right half of the nose?

  • Removal of a foreign body with a hook (correct)
  • Removal of a foreign body with tweezers
  • Nasal cavity flushing
  • Blowing

What is the likely diagnosis for a 30-year-old man experiencing sudden hearing loss due to water exposure, with otoscopic findings of sulfur blockage?

  • Sulfur plug (correct)
  • Acute otitis media
  • Outer ear furuncle
  • Foreign body of the external auditory canal

What urgent action should a surgeon take when a child undergoing adenotomy experiences suffocation and convulsions?

  • Artificial respiration
  • Tracheotomy (correct)
  • Hormone therapy
  • Conicotomy

What is the optimal treatment strategy for a patient diagnosed with a sulfur plug after experiencing sudden hearing loss?

<p>Removal by washing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a child having difficulty breathing due to a foreign body in the nose, which procedure should be avoided?

<p>Blowing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the instrument used for performing otoscopy.

<p>ear funnel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is primarily used in posterior rhinoscopy?

<p>nasopharyngeal mirror (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key symptom of lacunar angina?

<p>white or light yellow patches in lacunae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reliable symptom indicates a boil in the external auditory canal?

<p>limited swelling and hyperemia in the external auditory canal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is correctly used for performing indirect laryngoscopy?

<p>laryngeal mirror (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is primarily associated with rhinogenic intracranial complications?

<p>cavernous sinus thrombosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a reliable mastoid sign of mastoiditis?

<p>subperiosteal abscess (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Kisselbach plexus located?

<p>anterior-inferior nasal septum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with swollen foreign bodies in the outer ear before removal?

<p>drip with a solution of hydrogen peroxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most characteristic symptom of follicular angina?

<p>suppurated follicles of the palatine tonsils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Foreign Body in the Nose

A condition where a foreign object, like a button, is lodged inside the nasal cavity, usually causing discomfort and difficulty breathing.

Sulfur Plug

A blockage in the external auditory canal caused by a buildup of earwax, leading to hearing loss and discomfort.

Adenotomy

A surgical procedure to remove the adenoids, which are located in the back of the nasal passage, often done to treat snoring or breathing difficulties.

Suffocation During Surgery

A medical emergency that occurs during surgery when the trachea (windpipe) becomes blocked, leading to oxygen deprivation and potential death.

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Tracheotomy

A surgical procedure to create an opening in the trachea (windpipe) to allow for breathing when the airway is obstructed.

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What tool is used for otoscopy?

An otoscope is an instrument used to examine the external ear canal and eardrum.

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What instrument helps view the nasopharynx?

A nasopharyngeal mirror is a specialized instrument used to visualize the nasopharynx, which is the part of the pharynx behind the nose.

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What instrument is used to examine the oropharynx?

A spatula is a flat, thin instrument used to gently depress the tongue during oropharyngoscopy, allowing for proper visualization of the throat.

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What instrument is used to examine the nasal cavity?

A nasal mirror is a specialized instrument used to visualize the nasal cavity, allowing for examination of the nasal lining, septum, and turbinates.

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What tool allows indirect viewing of the larynx?

A laryngeal mirror is used to indirectly examine the larynx. It reflects light into the throat, allowing the doctor to see the vocal cords and other structures.

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What is the characteristic symptom of Lacunar Angina?

Lacunar Angina is characterized by white or light yellow patches seen in the lacunae (depressions) of the palatine tonsils.

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What is the key symptom of Follicular Angina?

Follicular Angina is characterized by the presence of suppurated follicles (small pus-filled sacs) on the surface of the palatine tonsils.

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What ligament is dissected for 4th-degree laryngeal stenosis?

In severe laryngeal stenosis, the cricothyroid ligament needs to be dissected to create an airway and relieve the obstruction.

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Which bone is most commonly injured in nose injuries?

The frontal processes of the upper jaw are more susceptible to damage in nose injuries due to their prominent position and relatively weaker structure compared to other nasal bones.

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What's a reliable symptom of a boil in the external auditory canal?

A boil of the external auditory canal is characterized by a limited swelling and hyperemia (redness) in the ear canal, leading to ear pain and potential hearing loss.

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Study Notes

Otoscopy Instruments

  • Otoscopy is performed using an otoscope.

Posterior Rhinoscopy Instruments

  • Nasopharyngeal mirror is used for posterior rhinoscopy.

Oropharyngoscopy Instruments

  • Laryngeal mirror is used for indirect oropharyngoscopy.

Anterior Rhinoscopy Instruments

  • Nasal mirror is used for anterior rhinoscopy.

Indirect Laryngoscopy Instruments

  • Laryngeal mirror is used during indirect laryngoscopy.

Lacunar Angina Symptoms

  • The most characteristic symptom is dilated mouths of the lacunae of the palatine tonsils.

Follicular Angina Symptoms

  • The most characteristic symptom is suppurated follicles on the surfaces of the palatine tonsils.

Laryngeal Stenosis (4th Degree) Dissection

  • In 4th-degree laryngeal stenosis, the cricoid-thyroid ligament needs dissection.

Nose Injury Common Sites

  • The perpendicular plate of the latticed bone is commonly damaged in nose injuries.

External Auditory Canal Boil Symptoms

  • A reliable sign of an external auditory canal boil is limited swelling and hyperemia in the external auditory canal.

Mastoiditis Mastoid Sign

  • A reliable mastoid sign of mastoiditis is subperiosteal abscess.

Kiesselbach Plexus Location

  • The Kiesselbach plexus is located in the anterior-inferior nasal septum.

Rhinogenic Intracranial Complications

  • Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a rhinogenic intracranial complication.

Catarrhal Angina Symptoms

  • The most characteristic symptom is hyperemia of the arches and palatine tonsils.

Swollen Foreign Bodies in Outer Ear Pre-Removal

  • Before removal of swollen foreign bodies from the outer ear, use a solution of hydrogen peroxide.

Foreign Body in Nose (Child) - Tactics

  • For a child with a lodged foreign body in the nose, the doctor should remove the foreign body with tweezers.

Sudden Hearing Loss After Shower

  • A likely diagnosis for sudden hearing loss after showering with sulfur in ear canal is a sulfur plug.

Adenoid Surgery Emergency Treatment

  • If a child has problems breathing after adenoidectomy, tracheotomy is needed as an emergency measure.

Sulfur Plug Treatment

  • The best treatment for a sulfur plug is removal by washing.

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Description

Test your knowledge on crucial ear, nose, and throat medical scenarios. This quiz covers appropriate responses and treatments for common incidents involving children and adults, from foreign bodies in the nose to sudden hearing loss. Assess your understanding of urgent medical actions and optimal treatment strategies in ENT emergencies.

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