Ear Anatomy Overview

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What type of fibers make up the collagenous fibrous layer of the drum?

Outer radiating fibers
Inner spiral fibers
Outer circular fibers (correct)
Inner longitudinal fibers

Which part of the middle ear communicates with the pharynx via the Eustachian tube?

Tympanic cavity (correct)
Tympanic membrane
Oval window
Round window

What are the two muscles found in the middle ear?

Tensor tympani and Stapedius (correct)
Serratus anterior and Pectoralis major
Soleus and Gastrocnemius
Deltoid and Gluteus maximus

Which ossicle is attached to the tympanic membrane?

Malleus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Stapedius muscle in the middle ear?

To protect against loud sounds (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do the auditory ossicles transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear?

By synovial joints (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tunnel of Corti in the cochlea?

Supporting the inner and outer hair cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells form the outermost border in the cochlea?

Cells of Claudius (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Hensen cells in the cochlea?

Supporting the hair cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are inner and outer hair cells different in the cochlea?

In their shape and arrangement (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which structures help maintain the equilibrium of the body?

Utricle and saccule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the basilar membrane in the mechanism of hearing?

Conducting vibrations to hair cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the ear according to Prof. Dr. Hala Elmazar?

Hearing, balance & equilibrium (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the ear contains fluid that stimulates receptors and transduces signals to nerve impulses?

Inner ear (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the auricle in the ear?

Collect sound waves toward the ear canal (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the ear is lined with keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

External auditory canal (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands are found in the external auditory canal of the ear?

Sebaceous and ceruminous glands (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the tympanic membrane is devoid of hair and thin at the center but thick at the periphery?

Outer layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical role of the otolithic membrane covering the hair cells of the maculae of utricle and saccule?

Aids in the brain's interpretation of equilibrium (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many stereocilia are typically found on the apical surfaces of the hair cells in the maculae of utricle and saccule?

40-70 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the inner ear contains the neuroepithelial structure known as Crista ampullaris?

Semicircular canals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cupula in the inner ear?

Helps in detecting rotational head movements (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hair cells are typically found in the Crista ampullaris of the inner ear?

Type D (columnar) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the gelatinous membrane that covers the hair cells in the maculae of utricle and saccule?

Protein & crystals of calcium carbonate (Otoconia) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Eustachian tube?

Balance air pressure in the middle ear (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the inner ear is responsible for the sense of equilibrium and balance?

Semicircular canals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What fluid fills the bony labyrinth of the inner ear?

Perilymph (increased Na⁺, decreased K⁺) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the stria vascularis in the cochlea?

Balance ion composition of endolymph (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cochlea divides it into Scala vestibuli, Scala media, and Scala tympani?

Cochlear duct (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the organ of Corti?

Responsible for hearing (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells make up the lateral wall of the cochlear duct?

Pillar cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

Collagenous Fibrous Layer

The fibrous layer of the eardrum composed of outer circular fibers.

Tympanic Cavity

The middle ear cavity connects to the throat through the Eustachian tube.