EAPP Lesson 1 & 2 Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are thoughts primarily composed of?

  • Emotions you experience throughout the day
  • Actions you take
  • Words that run through your mind (correct)
  • Physical sensations

Feelings are constant and do not change throughout the day.

False (B)

What are the three components that impact each other according to the content?

thoughts, feelings, and actions

When feeling _____, you are likely to act in a negative manner.

<p>angry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples with their categories:

<p>I can do next = Thought happy = Feeling angry = Feeling I’m a good person = Thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a productive coping thought to counter 'I'm going to fail'?

<p>I probably won’t get an A, but maybe I’ll do okay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coping thoughts are meant to reinforce negative beliefs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of a positive coping thought for feeling unprepared.

<p>Next time I’ll try to be more organized and start studying earlier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of research involves collecting information from the same subjects over a period of time?

<p>Longitudinal research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ex post facto research is conducted before the outcomes have occurred.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of experimental research?

<p>To test cause and effect relationships under controlled conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In survey research, data collection can be done through _____, phone, mail, and online surveys.

<p>face-to-face</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following research types with their descriptions:

<p>Survey Research = Collects data from selected samples from a population Longitudinal Research = Observes the same subjects over time Ex Post Facto Research = Derives conclusions from past observations Experimental Research = Tests cause and effect under controlled conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

When researchers separate subjects into different groups based on existing characteristics, which type of research are they conducting?

<p>Ex post facto research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stress is considered a normal feeling when experiencing regular pressure.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary impact of social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic?

<p>Decrease in physical activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The variable that is manipulated in an experimental research is called the _____ variable.

<p>independent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one component of physical activity that is often forgotten.

<p>Strength and balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Physical activity may include activities such as walking, cycling, and __________.

<p>dancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following activities with their description:

<p>Walking = Moderate physical activity appropriate for all ages Jogging = Higher intensity cardio exercise Gardening = Low-impact activity that can also be therapeutic Tennis = Individual or partner sport that requires agility</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary disadvantage of quantitative research compared to qualitative research?

<p>It may yield incomplete and inaccurate data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the body during aerobic fitness activities?

<p>Heart rate and breathing increase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Social distancing measures have no effect on mental wellbeing.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Descriptive research involves the manipulation of variables.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of sensitive issues that may be difficult to gather data on using structured instruments?

<p>premarital sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the COVID-19 pandemic, what is one recommended action to improve physical activity?

<p>Taking short breaks to stretch or walk</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ is concerned with describing the nature characteristics and components of the population or a phenomenon.

<p>descriptive research</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of research with their descriptions:

<p>Descriptive research = Describes nature and characteristics of a population Correctional research = Investigates relationships between variables Survey research = Collects data from respondents through questionnaires Qualitative research = Explores deeper emotional responses and insights</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding correctional research is true?

<p>It focuses on the nature of relationships between variables. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Survey research can help researchers gather data about sensitive personal issues effectively.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that researchers must be cautious of when conducting quantitative research using questionnaires.

<p>respondents guessing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of societies?

<p>Dynamic and ever-changing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Studying society does not help in managing natural and human resources.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does politics play in relation to citizens' rights?

<p>Politics helps us know our rights guaranteed in the constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Society is formed through __________ among individuals.

<p>interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

<p>Society = Result of human interaction and interconnectedness Politics = Collective decision-making based on defined rules Rights = Guaranteed protections for citizens Values = Core beliefs that guide behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why it is important to learn about politics?

<p>To clarify personal beliefs and values (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Politics only involves individuals and not groups.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does society regulate to enhance members' well-being?

<p>Distribution of public facilities and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned as an individual sport?

<p>Football (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eating a well-balanced diet can help control your mood.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of regular exercise as stated in the content?

<p>It helps relax the body and mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Taking a _____ bath can help relax tense muscles.

<p>hot</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following stress management techniques with their descriptions:

<p>Exercise = Improves mood and relaxes the body Deep breathing = Reduces immediate stress Eating well = Supports overall well-being Stretching = Helps loosen tense muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should you ideally practice deep breathing at a time?

<p>5 to 10 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Keeping track of time by setting your watch ahead can help reduce stress related to being late.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended activity to do when feeling stressed?

<p>Take deep breaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Thoughts

Words or ideas that run through your mind about what's happening around you.

Feelings

Emotional responses that come and go based on different events or situations.

Actions

Things you do or the way you behave.

Automatic thoughts (negative)

Unconscious, often negative, thoughts that easily come to mind.

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Coping thoughts

Positive thoughts that you can use to counter negative automatic thoughts.

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Example of negative thought

"I'm going to fail." "I'm not prepared at all."

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Example of coping thought

"I probably won't get an A, but maybe I'll do okay." "Next time I'll try to be more organized and start studying earlier."

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Connection between thoughts, feelings, and actions

Your thoughts and feelings greatly influence your actions and reactions.

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Quantitative Research Expense

Quantitative research, involving more respondents, requires higher expenses for reaching out to participants and producing questionnaires.

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Descriptive Research

Describes characteristics, nature, and components of a phenomenon without manipulating variables.

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Descriptive Research Goal

Determines general attributes of a present situation and finds the frequency of occurrence.

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Correlational Research

Studies the relationship between variables without exploring underlying reasons.

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Correlational Research Example

Investigates if pre-board exam scores predict licensure exam scores and if sex and mathematical ability are related.

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Survey Research

A type of quantitative research that studies relations between factors via data collection

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Quantitative Research Choice

The kind of quantitative research a researcher chooses depends on the study's goal and how findings will be used.

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Challenges in Quantitative Questionnaires

Incomplete and inaccurate data from questionnaires can arise from respondent guessing or if it is not conducted correctly and seriously, especially on delicate topics like premarital sex or domestic violence.

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Cross-sectional Survey

Collecting data from a sample at a single point in time.

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Longitudinal Survey

Collecting data on the same subjects over a period of time.

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Ex Post Facto Research

Research that examines relationships between existing characteristics and outcomes.

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Experimental Research

Research that manipulates variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships.

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Independent Variable

The variable that is changed or manipulated by the researcher.

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Dependent Variable

The variable that is measured to see if it is affected by the independent variable.

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Stress

A feeling of being under abnormal pressure.

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Physical Activity Definition

Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure.

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Aerobic Fitness

Moderate to vigorous activity causing increased breathing and heart rate.

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Strength and Balance

Essential component of physical activity with numerous benefits.

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COVID-19 Impact on Activity

Social distancing restrictions reduced opportunities for physical activity.

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Importance of Physical Activity

Essential for physical and mental wellbeing during COVID-19 and other similar times.

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Individual Sports Examples

Examples of sports played without teammates, such as golf, bowling, and tennis.

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Sedentary Behaviour

Spending extended periods sitting down.

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Physical Inactivity's impact

Can lead to negative repercussions across health, social care, and mental well-being.

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Stress Management: Exercise

Regular exercise, such as brisk walking or swimming, helps relax the body and mind, improving mood.

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Stress Management: Muscle Relaxation

Relaxing tense muscles through stretching, massage, hot baths, or sleep helps reduce stress and improve well-being.

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Stress Management: Deep Breathing

Taking slow, deep breaths can immediately reduce stress and improve mood.

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Stress Management: Healthy Diet

A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean protein helps maintain a positive mood and overall well-being.

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Stress Management: Slowing Down

Finding ways to pace yourself and avoid rushing can significantly reduce stress.

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Time Management Technique

Prioritize tasks from easiest to hardest to manage workload effectively.

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Time Management Technique

Setting your watch ahead by a few minutes can help one arrive at desired locations earlier to avoid lateness stress.

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Time Management Technique

Using bicycle lanes to avoid road accidents

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Society

A group of people interacting and interconnected, with rules, customs, values, and traditions. It is constantly changing and growing.

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Social Behavior

Patterns of acceptable actions within a society that create meaning and shape human interactions.

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Politics

Making collective decisions, often through force, for a group of people. It involves rules to preserve culture and improve human life.

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Political Rights

Rights guaranteed by a constitution, allowing protection and well-being of citizens.

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Political Beliefs

Personal opinions and values about how society should be governed and what goals societies should pursue.

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Collective Decision

A decision made by a group of people, applying the same way to all members of that group

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Societal Change

Societies are not static but always evolving. Economies, populations, infrastructure, and technology can change.

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Studying Society

Understanding society allows us to improve our collective identity, manage resources and regulate public services.

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Study Notes

EAPP Lesson No: 1

  • Academic text is defined as critical, objective, specialized text written by experts.
  • Academic writing is formal, objective, impersonal, and technical.
  • Avoids casual language, contractions, and informal vocabulary.
  • Emphasizes facts, ideas, and objects, avoiding personal feelings.
  • Uses discipline-specific vocabulary.

Types of Academic Writing

  • Literary Analysis Essay: Examines, evaluates, and argues an interpretation of a literary work
  • Research Paper: Supports a thesis using outside information from data, primary sources, and peer-reviewed articles.
  • Dissertation: A lengthy document concluding a PhD program, summarizing doctoral candidate research.

EAPP Lesson No: 2

  • Structure in Academic Writing: Essential for logical flow and comprehension.
  • Three-Part Essay Structure: Introduction, body, and conclusion; introduction and conclusion should be shorter than the body.
  • I-R-E-D Structure: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion.
  • Introduction: Outlines the topic, purpose, and structure of the paper.
  • Body: Expands on specific ideas, supporting the main topic.
  • Conclusion: Summarizes the main points, relates them to the context, evaluating the topic's significance.

EAPP Lesson No: 3

  • Summarizing Techniques: Determining the main ideas and important facts for concise communication of information.
  • Summary of Japanese Rail Tunnel Article: Due to traffic growth between islands, a 54 km long tunnel was built, but cost and high-speed trains preference means usage is less than anticipated.

PD Lesson No: 1

  • Self-Concept: The union of your body, feelings, thoughts, emotions, and sensations.
  • Ideal Self: The self you aspire to be, an idealized version of yourself.
  • Actual Self: The self that you actually see and experience.
  • Self-Concept Inventory: A tool to assess your strengths and weaknesses.

PD Lesson No: 2

  • Self-Awareness: Understanding your personality, strengths, weaknesses, thoughts, beliefs, motivations, and emotions.
  • Johari Window: A tool for understanding and training self-awareness.
  • Open Self (Public Self): What others know about you and what you know about yourself.
  • Blind Self: What others know about you but you don't.
  • Hidden Self (Private Self): What you know about yourself but others don't.
  • Unknown Self: What neither you nor others know about you.

PE Lesson No: 1

  • Stress: Feeling of abnormal pressure from daily life, work, relationships, finances etc.
  • Stress Response: Body's physical and emotional reactions to stress, such as increased heart rate and emotions.
  • Fight or Flight Response: Body's defense mechanism in response to stress.

PE Lesson No: 2

  • Aerobic Fitness: Moderate to vigorous activity, increasing heart rate and breathing.
  • Strength and Balance: Important for physical activity, often overlooked.

Lesson Summary - 3rd page onwards

  • Various lessons and topics based on the sections in the provided documents.

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