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Questions and Answers
A calorie is a unit of energy that represents the energy required to heat a kilogram of water to 100 degrees Celsius.
A calorie is a unit of energy that represents the energy required to heat a kilogram of water to 100 degrees Celsius.
False (B)
Academic texts are typically formal and objective.
Academic texts are typically formal and objective.
True (A)
The average individual requires approximately 1500 to 2000 calories per day to maintain body weight.
The average individual requires approximately 1500 to 2000 calories per day to maintain body weight.
False (B)
Non-academic texts are typically considered personal and subjective in nature.
Non-academic texts are typically considered personal and subjective in nature.
Swimming burns approximately 200 calories per hour for a person weighing 59 kilograms.
Swimming burns approximately 200 calories per hour for a person weighing 59 kilograms.
Academic writing is primarily focused on entertaining the reader.
Academic writing is primarily focused on entertaining the reader.
Food calories can take the form of fats, carbohydrates, or vitamins.
Food calories can take the form of fats, carbohydrates, or vitamins.
In academic writing, the author typically uses a personal tone.
In academic writing, the author typically uses a personal tone.
Journal articles and essays are examples of academic texts.
Journal articles and essays are examples of academic texts.
Strong and valid evidence is essential in academic writing.
Strong and valid evidence is essential in academic writing.
Jargon should always be avoided in academic writing.
Jargon should always be avoided in academic writing.
The process of oxidation in metabolism releases stored energy from molecules such as fatty acids and glucose.
The process of oxidation in metabolism releases stored energy from molecules such as fatty acids and glucose.
The sentences in academic writing are typically shorter and simpler than those in popular magazines.
The sentences in academic writing are typically shorter and simpler than those in popular magazines.
Academic writing addresses a wide range of audiences without considering their background.
Academic writing addresses a wide range of audiences without considering their background.
Reflective and imaginative language is commonly used in academic texts.
Reflective and imaginative language is commonly used in academic texts.
Academic writing follows a specific organizational pattern.
Academic writing follows a specific organizational pattern.
Gaining or losing weight can be achieved by adding or subtracting 7,700 calories to gain or lose a kilogram.
Gaining or losing weight can be achieved by adding or subtracting 7,700 calories to gain or lose a kilogram.
Nutrition plays a crucial role in weight management regardless of caloric intake.
Nutrition plays a crucial role in weight management regardless of caloric intake.
Using the phrase 'kind of like' is an example of formal academic language.
Using the phrase 'kind of like' is an example of formal academic language.
Impersonal language in academic writing means avoiding personal pronouns.
Impersonal language in academic writing means avoiding personal pronouns.
The use of rhetorical questions is recommended in academic texts to engage readers.
The use of rhetorical questions is recommended in academic texts to engage readers.
Expanded terms should be preferred over abbreviated equivalents in formal writing.
Expanded terms should be preferred over abbreviated equivalents in formal writing.
Emotive language is encouraged in academic writing for personal expression.
Emotive language is encouraged in academic writing for personal expression.
The use of signposts in an academic paper helps readers follow the relationships between different parts of the study.
The use of signposts in an academic paper helps readers follow the relationships between different parts of the study.
The introduction of an essay should provide a clear idea of the focus and aim of the text.
The introduction of an essay should provide a clear idea of the focus and aim of the text.
The body of an essay is where the thesis statement is usually included.
The body of an essay is where the thesis statement is usually included.
A conclusion should restate the main arguments presented in the essay.
A conclusion should restate the main arguments presented in the essay.
Verbs of frequency used include often, occasionally, and regularly.
Verbs of frequency used include often, occasionally, and regularly.
Each piece of text in the body of an essay should have a purpose and be placed where it best fulfills that purpose.
Each piece of text in the body of an essay should have a purpose and be placed where it best fulfills that purpose.
Essays must be handed in by deadline, otherwise they will not be marked.
Essays must be handed in by deadline, otherwise they will not be marked.
Motivation is irrelevant in learning, so teachers should not provide encouragement.
Motivation is irrelevant in learning, so teachers should not provide encouragement.
The moral schema is used to evaluate the physical state of a person.
The moral schema is used to evaluate the physical state of a person.
Caution in academic writing is unnecessary since theories are always proven.
Caution in academic writing is unnecessary since theories are always proven.
Improved versions of statements can sometimes indicate corruption among government officials.
Improved versions of statements can sometimes indicate corruption among government officials.
The use of modal verbs in writing indicates uncertainty about the findings.
The use of modal verbs in writing indicates uncertainty about the findings.
Government employees are all corrupt is an example of cautious academic writing.
Government employees are all corrupt is an example of cautious academic writing.
Survey findings suggest that social networking sites may enhance students' academic updates.
Survey findings suggest that social networking sites may enhance students' academic updates.
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Study Notes
EAPP Overview
- English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP) is a branch of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), tailored to learners' specific needs.
- Academic writing is a method scholars use to communicate in their fields.
Academic Writing Defined
- Involves processes such as posing questions, evaluating concepts, and answering inquiries.
- Aims to inform, persuade, or argue a point to a specific audience, primarily teachers, peers, and the academic community.
Characteristics of Academic Writing
- Abides by strict rules and practices, using formal yet accessible language.
- Often features longer, intricate sentences, emphasizing lexical density.
- Tailors language use to the audience’s knowledge level, employing jargon for peers and layman's terms for outsiders.
Literary vs. Academic Text
- Tone: Literary texts are reflective and personal; academic texts are impersonal and serious.
- Style: Literary works are symbolic, while academic writing is formal and authoritative.
- Word Choice: Literary texts may use figurative language; academic texts use specialized terms related to disciplines.
Academic Text Characteristics
- Semi-formal to formal, objective in nature.
- Common examples include journal articles, essays, conference papers, and theses.
Non-Academic Text Characteristics
- More personal, emotional, and subjective.
- Examples include memoirs, personal journals, and casual communications.
Elements Influencing Writing
- Topics, purpose, author's role, and audience shape the writing process and approach.
Understanding Calories
- A calorie (kilocalorie) is defined as the energy needed to heat a kilogram of water by one degree Celsius.
- Calories in food provide energy for bodily functions, tissue growth, and physical activity.
- Average daily caloric intake for adults is around 2000 to 2500 calories to maintain weight.
Language Features in Academic Text
- Formality: Utilizes complex vocabulary and expressions; avoids informal language.
- Objectivity: Maintains a level of distance by avoiding personal pronouns and emotive language.
- Explicitness: Uses transitional devices to clarify relationships among ideas.
Structure of Academic Texts
- Introduction: Establishes focus with a thesis statement, context, and outlines the organization.
- Body: Discusses and develops ideas; each section serves a distinct purpose.
- Conclusion: Summarizes key arguments, revisits the thesis, and encapsulates overall findings.
Caution in Academic Writing
- Avoids sweeping generalizations and employs hedging to express caution.
- References must be properly cited to build credibility and establish authority.
Performance Task
- Application of the knowledge from previous sections to analyze and craft academic texts effectively.
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