4.3

Damage to the obturator nerve would most significantly impair which of the following actions?

A patient presents with an inability to extend their leg at the knee. Which nerve is most likely affected?

The profunda femoris artery is a major blood supply to which thigh compartment?

Which muscle is innervated by both the femoral and sciatic nerves?

The adductor hiatus serves as a passageway for the femoral artery and vein to transition into which vessels?

Which of the following muscles contributes to both flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint?

Which muscle is NOT located in the medial compartment of the thigh?

Which of the muscle does NOT adduct the thight?

A patient has difficulty raising their trunk from a supine position. Which muscle is mostly likely affected?

Which action is primarily associated with the muscles of the anterior compartment thigh?

During thigh extension, the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments experience a change. What is the primary mechanical effect of this change on the hip joint?

A patient presents with a fracture of the femoral neck. Which of the following structures is MOST at risk of being compromised, potentially leading to avascular necrosis of the femoral head?

Following a deep laceration to the anterior thigh, a patient exhibits significant weakness in hip flexion and knee extension. Which of the following muscles is MOST likely affected, given its dual role at both joints?

A surgeon is planning to perform a hip replacement. During the procedure, they need to carefully dissect the ligaments surrounding the hip joint. Damage to which ligament would MOST significantly compromise the hip's resistance to hyperextension?

A patient is diagnosed with compartment syndrome in the thigh, specifically affecting the anterior compartment. Which vascular structure is MOST likely to be compressed, potentially exacerbating the condition?

A 60-year-old male presents with pain in his groin and thigh. Imaging reveals avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Occlusion of which artery would MOST DIRECTLY lead to this condition?

A patient reports experiencing numbness and tingling in the anterior thigh. Compression of which structure as it passes under the inguinal ligament would MOST likely cause these symptoms?

During a surgical procedure involving the posterior thigh, a surgeon must carefully consider the path of the sciatic nerve. Which anatomical landmark can BEST guide the surgeon in locating and protecting the sciatic nerve during the approach?

A patient presents with a chronic groin pain that is exacerbated by hip flexion. Which of the following structures is MOST likely the source of the patient's pain?

A patient is involved in a motor vehicle accident, resulting in a pelvic fracture that disrupts blood flow through the external iliac artery. What is the MOST likely immediate consequence regarding blood supply to the lower limb?

If a patient experiences damage to the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery, which of the following complications is MOST likely to arise due to impaired blood supply?

A surgeon performing a hip arthroplasty needs to carefully dissect around the obturator artery to avoid complications. If the obturator artery is inadvertently damaged, what is the MOST significant risk to the patient?

A patient presents with a deep laceration on the medial aspect of their thigh, just superior to the knee. After initial assessment, active hemorrhage from the great saphenous vein is noted. Which of the following describes the MOST appropriate next step in managing this patient's venous bleeding?

A patient reports numbness in the anterior thigh after a recent surgery involving the inguinal region. Given the anatomical relationships within the femoral triangle, which nerve is the MOST likely to have been iatrogenically injured?

During a surgical procedure to repair a femoral hernia, a surgeon inadvertently damages the medial border of the femoral triangle. Which structure is MOST at risk for injury?

A patient is diagnosed with lymphedema in the lower limb due to lymphatic vessel compression. Considering the anatomical location of the femoral canal, which of the following structures is MOST likely responsible for this compression?

A patient presents with weakness in hip abduction and foot eversion following an injury. Based on the nerve supply of the lower limb, damage to which nervous plexus is MOST likely?

Damage to the superior gluteal nerve results in a characteristic gait abnormality. Which of the following compensatory mechanisms is MOST likely observed in a patient with this nerve injury?

A patient has a lesion in the anterior compartment of the thigh. Which of the following clinical presentations would be MOST consistent with this condition?

A patient is unable to extend their knee against resistance but hip flexion is normal. Which specific muscle is MOST likely affected?

Which combination of actions is uniquely performed by the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles?

If the superior gluteal nerve were severed, which specific actions would be most significantly compromised?

A patient presents with an inability to extend their thigh at the hip. Damage to which nerve and corresponding arterial supply is most likely responsible?

Which statement accurately contrasts the vascular supply to the posterior thigh compartment and the gluteal region?

What is the functional consequence of selectively weakening the gluteus medius muscle?

How does the innervation of the biceps femoris muscle differ from that of the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles, and what functional implication does this have?

Damage specifically to the medial circumflex femoral artery would most significantly affect the blood supply to which group of muscles and what would be the primary functional deficit?

A patient is diagnosed with piriformis syndrome, resulting in compression of the sciatic nerve. Which of the following symptoms would you expect, and how do they relate to the anatomy of the region?

How do the actions of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles relate to the function of the tensor fascia lata (TFL), and how does this synergy contribute to lower limb stability?

A surgeon needs to perform a procedure involving the obturator internus muscle. What other muscles must the surgeon be mindful of due to their close anatomical relationship, and what common action do these muscles share?

Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery

Artery of Ligamentum Teres Femoris

Great Saphenous Vein

Femoral Triangle Borders

Fascia Lata

Femoral Sheath

Femoral Canal

Lumbosacral Plexus

Thigh Muscle Compartments

Anterior Compartment Thigh Muscles

Lower Limb Regions

Lower Limb Bones

Femur Key Features

Femur: Additional Features

Hip Joint Ligaments

Ligament Action During Thigh Extension

Hip Joint Details

Outline: Lower Limb Blood Flow

Blood Flow into Thigh

Thigh Arterial Blood Flow

Quadriceps Femoris Tendon

Femoral Artery (Thigh)

Femoral Nerve (Thigh)

Quadriceps Femoris Action

Sartorius Action

Iliopsoas Muscle Actions

Adductor Canal

Profunda Femoris & Obturator Arteries

Obturator Nerve (Thigh)

Adductor Muscles Action

Hamstring muscles action

Gluteus Maximus action

Gluteus Medius & Minimus actions

Deep gluteal rotator muscles action

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh

Function of the Gluteus Maximus

Function of the Gluteus Medius and Minimus

Blood supply to the gluteal region

Action of Piriformis and Obturator Internus

Innervation of gluteal muscles