Untitled Quiz

Microglia are neuroglial cells that act as immune cells, cleaning up cellular debris.

Myelin is an insulating layer around nerve fibers, formed by glial cells, speeding up nerve impulse conduction.

Gaps in the myelin sheath along an axon.

A degenerative disorder where the myelin sheath in the CNS deteriorates, replacing it with scar tissue. This disrupts nerve conduction.

Glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that form myelin.

Cells that line the central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain; they play a role in cerebrospinal fluid production and circulation.

The voltage difference across a neuron's cell membrane when it's not transmitting signals; approximately -70mV.

Difference in charge between two points.

Flow of charged particles (ions).

Protein channels in the cell membrane that open or close in response to stimuli, controlling the flow of ions.

A dramatic change in electrical potential across a plasma membrane, generated by voltage-regulated ion channels.

Region of a neuron where action potentials are initiated due to high density of voltage-gated ion channels.

Channels in a cell membrane that open or close in response to changes in membrane voltage.

A temporary change in membrane potential that is localized and doesn't travel far down an axon.

The cell body of a neuron; not enough voltage-gated channels to create an action potential.

The outer membrane of a cell, including the dendrite, that's the site of action potentials and ion channels.

Extracellular fluid; the fluid outside a cell.

Intracellular fluid; the fluid inside a cell.

The rapid transmission of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon, jumping from node to node along the axon.

Gaps in the myelin sheath along an axon where action potentials are generated.

Areas of the axon wrapped in myelin, which insulates the axon and slows down the action potential.

Rapid movement of sodium ions between the Nodes of Ranvier, crucial for the transmission of signals.

Electrical signal initiated by rapid changes in ion permeability across the axon membrane, ultimately triggering the next signal at the next node.

The voltage difference across a neuron's membrane when it's not transmitting signals, typically around -70 mV.

A change in membrane potential, where the inside of the cell becomes more positive.

The return of the membrane potential to its resting state after depolarization.

Channels in the neuron membrane that allow sodium ions (Na+) to pass through.

Channels that allow potassium (K+) ions to pass through the neuron membrane.

A synapse that uses acetylcholine (ACh) as its neurotransmitter to communicate between neurons.

The neuron sending a signal across the synapse.

The neuron receiving the signal across the synapse.

A chemical messenger that carries a signal across the synapse.

A neurotransmitter that excites some postsynaptic cells, particularly skeletal muscle.