18 Questions
What is a key difference between fixed-length records and variable-length records?
Fixed-length records have the same amount of space assigned to each data item, while variable-length records may contain different lengths.
Which type of data structure includes basic data types such as integer, real, character, and Boolean?
Primitive data structures
What is the main characteristic of an integer data type?
Integers can be whole numbers that are positive, negative, or zero.
Which step is NOT part of the study of complex data structures?
Visual representation of the structure using diagrams
Which statement best describes the float data type?
Float represents decimal or floating-point numbers.
What is the minimum requirement for variable-length records in terms of length?
Variable-length records have a minimum and a maximum length.
What is a characteristic of static data structures?
They have a fixed size and structure at runtime.
Which type of data structure arranges data linearly and has elements directly linked to their neighbors?
Linear data structure
What defines an array data structure?
Elements referenced by a set of consecutive numbers
In terms of structure, what is a key feature of dynamic data structures?
Can be modified or resized during runtime
Which of the following best describes the nature of a stack data structure?
Elements are accessed in a last-in-first-out (LIFO) manner.
What distinguishes a queue data structure from other linear structures?
Accessed in FIFO order
What is a key characteristic of dynamic data structures?
Size can be changed at runtime
Which data structure uses the FIFO approach for accessing elements?
Queue
What is the key difference between linear and non-linear data structures?
Sequential arrangement of data elements
Which data structure represents a linear, ordered sequence of elements?
Stack
In what order are elements accessed in a queue?
First In First Out (FIFO)
What characteristic makes non-linear data structures more challenging to implement?
Not being able to traverse all elements in a single run
Study Notes
Fixed-Length and Variable-Length Records
- Fixed-length records contain the same data items with the same amount of space assigned to each data item.
- Variable-length records may contain different lengths, with a minimum and a maximum length, such as student records with variable courses.
Classification of Data Structures
- Data structures are classified into Primitive and Non-Primitive data structures.
Primitive Data Structures
- Primitive data structures are fundamental data types supported by a programming language.
- Examples of Primitive data structures:
- Integer: a whole number that can be +ve, -ve, or zero.
- Float: a data type representing a floating-point or decimal number.
- Real: a data type used to represent an approximation of a real number.
- Character: stores character data type with fixed or variable length.
- Boolean: a data type that has one of two possible values (true and false).
Non-Primitive Data Structures
- Non-primitive data structures are created using primitive data structures.
- Non-primitive data structures are divided into Linear and Non-Linear data structures.
Linear Data Structures
- A type of data structure where the arrangement of data follows a linear trend.
- Data elements are arranged linearly, with each element directly linked to its previous and next elements.
- Linear data structures are classified into Static and Dynamic data structures.
Static Data Structures
- Have a fixed size and structure at compile time.
- Cannot be modified or resized during runtime.
- Examples: arrays.
Dynamic Data Structures
- Size of the structure can be changed at runtime.
- Examples: linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees.
Examples of Linear Data Structures
- Stack: a linear data structure that holds a linear, ordered sequence of elements.
- Queue: a linear data structure that stores elements sequentially, using the FIFO (First In First Out) approach.
- Linked list: a linear collection of data elements whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory.
Non-Linear Data Structures
- A form of data structure where data elements don't stay arranged linearly or sequentially.
- Does not involve a single level, making it harder to implement than linear data structures.
- Utilization of computer memory is more efficient in this case.
- Examples: graphs and trees.
Explore dynamic data structures like linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees. Learn about the properties of stacks and queues as linear data structures for organizing elements sequentially.
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