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Questions and Answers
What is a key difference between fixed-length records and variable-length records?
What is a key difference between fixed-length records and variable-length records?
- Fixed-length records contain different data items, while variable-length records contain the same data items.
- Fixed-length records have the same amount of space assigned to each data item, while variable-length records may contain different lengths. (correct)
- Fixed-length records have variable lengths, while variable-length records have a fixed length.
- Fixed-length records have a minimum and maximum length, while variable-length records have a constant length.
Which type of data structure includes basic data types such as integer, real, character, and Boolean?
Which type of data structure includes basic data types such as integer, real, character, and Boolean?
- Dynamic data structures
- Primitive data structures (correct)
- Array data structure
- Stack data structure
What is the main characteristic of an integer data type?
What is the main characteristic of an integer data type?
- Integers can only be negative numbers.
- Integers can only be positive numbers.
- Integers can only be zero.
- Integers can be whole numbers that are positive, negative, or zero. (correct)
Which step is NOT part of the study of complex data structures?
Which step is NOT part of the study of complex data structures?
Which statement best describes the float data type?
Which statement best describes the float data type?
What is the minimum requirement for variable-length records in terms of length?
What is the minimum requirement for variable-length records in terms of length?
What is a characteristic of static data structures?
What is a characteristic of static data structures?
Which type of data structure arranges data linearly and has elements directly linked to their neighbors?
Which type of data structure arranges data linearly and has elements directly linked to their neighbors?
What defines an array data structure?
What defines an array data structure?
In terms of structure, what is a key feature of dynamic data structures?
In terms of structure, what is a key feature of dynamic data structures?
Which of the following best describes the nature of a stack data structure?
Which of the following best describes the nature of a stack data structure?
What distinguishes a queue data structure from other linear structures?
What distinguishes a queue data structure from other linear structures?
What is a key characteristic of dynamic data structures?
What is a key characteristic of dynamic data structures?
Which data structure uses the FIFO approach for accessing elements?
Which data structure uses the FIFO approach for accessing elements?
What is the key difference between linear and non-linear data structures?
What is the key difference between linear and non-linear data structures?
Which data structure represents a linear, ordered sequence of elements?
Which data structure represents a linear, ordered sequence of elements?
In what order are elements accessed in a queue?
In what order are elements accessed in a queue?
What characteristic makes non-linear data structures more challenging to implement?
What characteristic makes non-linear data structures more challenging to implement?
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Study Notes
Fixed-Length and Variable-Length Records
- Fixed-length records contain the same data items with the same amount of space assigned to each data item.
- Variable-length records may contain different lengths, with a minimum and a maximum length, such as student records with variable courses.
Classification of Data Structures
- Data structures are classified into Primitive and Non-Primitive data structures.
Primitive Data Structures
- Primitive data structures are fundamental data types supported by a programming language.
- Examples of Primitive data structures:
- Integer: a whole number that can be +ve, -ve, or zero.
- Float: a data type representing a floating-point or decimal number.
- Real: a data type used to represent an approximation of a real number.
- Character: stores character data type with fixed or variable length.
- Boolean: a data type that has one of two possible values (true and false).
Non-Primitive Data Structures
- Non-primitive data structures are created using primitive data structures.
- Non-primitive data structures are divided into Linear and Non-Linear data structures.
Linear Data Structures
- A type of data structure where the arrangement of data follows a linear trend.
- Data elements are arranged linearly, with each element directly linked to its previous and next elements.
- Linear data structures are classified into Static and Dynamic data structures.
Static Data Structures
- Have a fixed size and structure at compile time.
- Cannot be modified or resized during runtime.
- Examples: arrays.
Dynamic Data Structures
- Size of the structure can be changed at runtime.
- Examples: linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees.
Examples of Linear Data Structures
- Stack: a linear data structure that holds a linear, ordered sequence of elements.
- Queue: a linear data structure that stores elements sequentially, using the FIFO (First In First Out) approach.
- Linked list: a linear collection of data elements whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory.
Non-Linear Data Structures
- A form of data structure where data elements don't stay arranged linearly or sequentially.
- Does not involve a single level, making it harder to implement than linear data structures.
- Utilization of computer memory is more efficient in this case.
- Examples: graphs and trees.
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