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Questions and Answers

What does the first digit in the FDI tooth numbering system indicate?

  • The quadrant in which the tooth is located (correct)
  • The type of the tooth
  • The specific tooth in the arch
  • The primary or permanent status of the tooth

In the Universal System, what does tooth number 11 represent?

  • Permanent Maxillary Right Central Incisor (correct)
  • Primary Maxillary Left Second Molar
  • Primary Mandibular Right Canine
  • Permanent Maxillary Left Canine

Which tooth is represented by the FDI code 65?

  • Primary Mandibular Right Second Molar (correct)
  • Permanent Maxillary Left Second Molar
  • Primary Maxillary Left Central Incisor
  • Primary Maxillary Left Second Molar

What is the last tooth in the Universal System numbering?

<p>Mandibular Right 3rd Molar (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the tooth type represented in the FDI tooth numbering system?

<p>The second digit indicates the tooth type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three divisions of the root in dental anatomy?

<p>Cervical Third, Middle Third, Apical Third (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a line angle in dental terminology?

<p>Formed by the junction of two surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which angle is formed by the junction of three surfaces?

<p>Point Angle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nomenclature term for the upper jaw?

<p>Maxillary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the term 'primary' in dental nomenclature?

<p>Belonging to the first stage in any process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'mandibular' refer to in dental anatomy?

<p>Lower jaw (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the division of thirds for the crown, which of the following is NOT a division?

<p>Buccal Third (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which line angle corresponds to posterior teeth?

<p>Mesiobuccal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dentino-cemental junction?

<p>Serves as the entry and exit point for pulp tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is referred to as the part of the alveolar process that surrounds the tooth root?

<p>Alveolar bone proper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How wide is the free gingiva typically?

<p>1.5 - 2 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the gingival sulcus?

<p>A V-shaped shallow crevice bounded by free gingiva and tooth surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the periodontal ligament membrane?

<p>Connects the cementum of the tooth with the alveolar bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of interdental papilla within the anterior region?

<p>Pyramidal form (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surface of the teeth is described as the lingual surface?

<p>The surface facing the tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the muco-gingival junction?

<p>Marks the transition between keratinized tissue and non-keratinized tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two sets of teeth a human has in their lifetime?

<p>Diphyodont (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do temporary teeth typically begin to emerge?

<p>Around 6 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of studying dental anatomy in clinical practice?

<p>To improve knowledge of tooth structures for dental treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are succedaneous teeth?

<p>Permanent teeth that replace deciduous teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do both deciduous and permanent teeth coexist in a child's mouth?

<p>Mixed Dentition Stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as a permanent tooth?

<p>Molars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age range of a child during the Transition Stage?

<p>6-12 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what average age do permanent teeth begin to erupt?

<p>6 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a marginal ridge?

<p>It's a rounded border of enamel at the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are triangular ridges named?

<p>According to the cusp they originate from. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an oblique ridge?

<p>To provide a crossing across the occlusal surface of molars. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which location would you find a central pit?

<p>In the central fossa of molars. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a sulcus from a groove?

<p>A sulcus has inclines that meet at an angle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a developmental groove?

<p>It's a shallow groove marking the junction of primary parts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes are generally present in the development of a tooth crown?

<p>Three or more lobes, as found in most crowns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature characterizes mono-rooted teeth?

<p>They have a single root structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'deciduous' refer to in dental terminology?

<p>Transitory teeth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teeth types is classified as succedaneous?

<p>Incisors (B), Canines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the human primary dentition dental formula, how many total teeth are present on one side?

<p>10 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of considerations in tooth nomenclature?

<p>Permanent or Deciduous, Maxillary or Mandibular, Right or Left, Tooth Type (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Palmer Dental Notation primarily used for?

<p>To describe teeth in the quadrants of the mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system begins with the Maxillary Right 2nd Molar for primary dentition?

<p>Universal System of Notation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Palmer Dental Notation, what symbolizes a quadrant?

<p>A symbol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct symbolic representation for permanent teeth in the Palmer system?

<p>Numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Dental Anatomy

The study of human tooth structures, development, appearance, and classification, and their practical applications in dental treatments.

Heterodont Dentition

The human dentition having different types of teeth (incisors, canines, premolars, molars).

Diphyodont

Having two sets of teeth throughout a lifetime: temporary (deciduous) and permanent.

Temporary Teeth

The first set of teeth that appear in early childhood, and are eventually replaced by permanent teeth.

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Permanent Teeth

The second set of teeth that replaces the temporary teeth, usually emerging around age six.

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Succedaneous Teeth

Permanent teeth that replace the deciduous teeth in the dental arch.

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Mixed Dentition

A period in childhood where both temporary and permanent teeth are present.

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Transition Stage

A stage in childhood (usually 6-12 years of age) where a mix of temporary and permanent teeth coexist.

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Apex of a tooth

The terminal end of a tooth root, where pulp tissue enters and exits.

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Alveolar Process

Jawbone part that holds teeth in place.

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Periodontal Ligament

Connective tissue connecting tooth root cementum to alveolar bone.

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Alveolar Bone Proper

Part of the alveolar process that directly surrounds tooth roots.

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Supporting Alveolar Bone

Bone that surrounds the alveolar bone proper, providing overall support.

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Free Gingiva

Gingiva that surrounds the tooth, not directly attached.

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Gingival Sulcus

V-shaped crevice between free gingiva and tooth surface.

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Five tooth surfaces

Labial/Buccal, Lingual, Mesial, Distal, and Occlusal surfaces.

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Marginal Ridge

A rounded border of enamel found on the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars, and on the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of incisors and canines.

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Triangular Ridge

A ridge that descends from the tip of a cusp towards the central part of the occlusal surface of premolars and molars.

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Transverse Ridge

A ridge formed when two triangular ridges (e.g., buccal and lingual) unite and cross the occlusal surface of a tooth.

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Oblique Ridge

A ridge that crosses the occlusal surface of maxillary molars diagonally, formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and the distal ridge of the mesiolingual cusp.

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Lingual Fossa

An irregular depression or concavity found on the lingual surfaces of incisors, formed by the junction of grooves.

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Triangular Fossa

Small depressions found on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars, medial or distal to marginal ridges, and sometimes found on the lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors.

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Sulcus

A long depression or valley between ridges and cusps on the surface of a tooth.

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Developmental Groove

A shallow groove marking the junction of primary parts of the crown or root.

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Cervical Third

The portion of a tooth root closest to the crown.

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Middle Third

The middle section of a tooth root, between the cervical and apical thirds.

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Apical Third

The tip, or end, of a tooth root.

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Incisal Third

The portion of an anterior tooth closest to the biting edge.

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Occlusal Third

The portion of a posterior tooth closest to the biting surface.

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Mesial Third

The portion of a tooth closest to the midline of the dental arch.

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Distal Third

The portion of a tooth farthest from the midline of the dental arch.

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Labial Third

The portion of an anterior tooth closest to the lips.

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Deciduous Teeth

Temporary teeth that are eventually replaced by permanent teeth.

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Permanent Dentition

The second set of teeth that emerge after deciduous teeth are lost.

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Non-Succedaneous Teeth

Permanent teeth that do not replace deciduous teeth, such as molars.

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Dental Formula

A shorthand notation using letters and numbers to represent the number and type of teeth in each jaw quadrant.

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What does the 'I' in a dental formula stand for?

Incisor

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What does the line in a dental formula represent?

The division between maxillary (above) and mandibular (below) teeth.

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Primary Dentition Formula

The formula representing the number and type of deciduous teeth in humans: I 2/2 C 1/1 M 2/2

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FDI System

A tooth numbering system adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for both primary and permanent teeth. It uses two digits to represent a tooth: the first digit represents the quadrant, and the second digit represents the tooth type.

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Quadrant in FDI

The first digit of the FDI tooth numbering system that indicates the quadrant of the tooth within the mouth: 1 - Maxillary Right, 2 - Maxillary Left, 3 - Mandibular Left, 4 - Mandibular Right.

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Tooth Type in FDI

The second digit of the FDI tooth numbering system that indicates the type of tooth: 1 - Central Incisor, 2 - Lateral Incisor, 3 - Canine, 4 - First Premolar, 5 - Second Premolar, 6 - First Molar, 7 - Second Molar, 8 - Third Molar.

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What is FDI 11?

Permanent Maxillary Right Central Incisor. This is the tooth in the upper right quadrant, the front tooth that is closest to the midline.

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What is FDI 85?

Primary Mandibular Right Second Molar. This is the second molar tooth in the lower right quadrant, usually present during childhood.

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Study Notes

Dental Anatomy

  • Dental anatomy is a field of anatomy focused on the study of human teeth structures.
  • Teeth development, appearance, and classification fall under its scope.
  • Dental anatomy also functions as a taxonomic science, identifying and naming teeth and their component structures. This information is crucial in dental treatments.

Defined as

  • The study of tooth development, morphology, function, and identification within the human dentition.
  • Also includes how teeth relate to each other within the same arch and the opposing arch, considering features like shape, form, structure, color, and function.

Human Dentition

  • Heterodont: Different types of teeth are present.
  • Diphyodont: Two sets of teeth throughout a lifetime.

Formation of Dentitions

  • Diphyodont: Life involves two sets of teeth.
  • 1. Temporary Teeth (Deciduous): Also known as deciduous, primary, baby, or milk teeth.
    • Form around 14 weeks in utero, completing development by age 3.
    • Erupt, largely, between 6 months and 28 months (average of 3 years).
  • 2. Permanent Teeth (Secondary): Also known as the secondary dentition or permanent teeth.
    • Erupt around age 6, marking the transition stage.

Transition Stage

  • Mixed dentition stage or "ugly duckling stage."
  • The mixture of deciduous and permanent teeth are present.
  • Usually ages 6-12, a challenging period for children.
    • Common issues include habits, missing teeth, varying colors/hues, crowding, and malpositioning.

Two Types of Permanent Teeth

  • 1. Succedaneous Teeth:
    • Permanent teeth that replace deciduous teeth in the dental arch.
    • Includes central incisors, lateral incisors, canines, and premolars.
  • 2. Non-Succedaneous Teeth: Also known as the accessional dentition.
    • Includes the first, second, and third molars on the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) jaws.

Deciduous Teeth

  • Contain 20 teeth:
    • 8 incisors
    • 4 canines
    • 8 molars

Eruption Sequences of Deciduous Teeth

  • Lists the timing of eruption for each deciduous tooth in months.

The Permanent Teeth

  • The first permanent molar typically erupts around age 6.
  • The set contains 32 teeth:
    • 8 incisors
    • 4 canines
    • 8 premolars
    • 12 molars

Tooth Types Based on Location

  • 1. Anterior Teeth: Front teeth—central & lateral incisors, and canines.
  • 2. Posterior Teeth: Back teeth—premolars and molars.

Tooth Surfaces

  • Incisors and Canines—4 surfaces and 1 ridge.
  • Premolars and Molars—5 surfaces.
    • Incisal surfaces: For incisors and canines, the surfaces facing in contact with those in the opposite jaw.
    • Occlusal surfaces: For premolars and molars, the surfaces facing in contact with those in the opposite jaw during tooth closure.
    • Labial / buccal surfaces: The surfaces of teeth towards the lips/cheeks.
    • Lingual surfaces: The surfaces facing the tongue.
    • Mesial surfaces: Proximal surfaces oriented towards the midline.
    • Distal surfaces: Proximal surfaces further from the midline.
    • Proximal surfaces: The surfaces of adjacent teeth.
    • Contact areas: Points where adjacent teeth in the same arch touch.

Other Landmarks

  • Includes cusp, tubercle, cingulum, ridge, marginal ridge, triangular ridge, transverse ridge, oblique ridge, fossa, sulcus, developmental grove, supplemental groove, pit, and lobe.

Root Types

  • 1. Mono-rooted: One root (e.g., anterior teeth)
  • 2. Bi-rooted: Two roots (e.g., premolars and some molars)
  • 3. Multi-rooted: Three or more roots (e.g., some molars)

Tooth Numbering Systems

  • Various systems exist (e.g., Palmer, Universal, FDI).
    • Details for each are provided, including examples.

One Way Traffic

  • System for naming teeth based on order in quadrants (e.g., URPQ, UA, ULQP, LLPQ, LA, LRPQ).

Identifying Teeth

  • Steps for correctly identifying teeth including side (right/left), jaw (maxilla/mandible), tooth type (incisor, canine, premolar or molar), and tooth set (primary/permanent).

Terminology

  • Dental terminology is critical for accurate communication in dental practice.

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