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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?
Which of the following structures in the male reproductive system is responsible for sperm maturation?
What role do sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen play during puberty?
Which statement about secondary sex characteristics is accurate?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a secondary sex characteristic?
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How do gender identity and sexual orientation differ?
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for sperm production?
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What characteristic is influenced by the increase of estrogen during puberty in females?
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What is the primary function of the ovaries?
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Where does fertilization typically occur?
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What role does the cervix play within the female reproductive system?
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How is the uterine lining affected if pregnancy does not occur?
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Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for sexual arousal?
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What best describes the function of the vagina?
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What is the primary function of the vas deferens?
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Which of the following is not part of the external genitalia (vulva)?
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Which gland contributes fluid that supports sperm function and surrounds the urethra?
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During ejaculation, through which structure is semen expelled?
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What is a crucial aspect of maintaining reproductive health?
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What role do seminal vesicles play in male reproduction?
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What is the main purpose of the bulbourethral glands?
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What describes the role of the female reproductive system?
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Which structure do sperm travel through to reach the fallopian tubes for fertilization?
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What significant change occurs in the penis during sexual arousal?
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Study Notes
Secondary Sex Characteristics
- These characteristics are not directly involved in reproduction.
- They contribute to sexual dimorphism, the differences in appearance between males and females.
- They are influenced by hormonal changes during puberty, particularly testosterone in males and estrogen in females.
- Examples include body hair, voice changes, muscle mass, breast development, facial features, hip and pelvic shape, fat distribution, and skin changes.
Human Reproductive System
- A complex system responsible for sexual reproduction.
- It produces, nurtures, and transports reproductive cells (gametes) and facilitates fertilization and embryonic development.
Male Reproductive System
- Produces, transports, and delivers sperm.
- Facilitates the fertilization of an egg.
Parts of the Male Reproductive System
- Testes: produce sperm and testosterone.
- Epididymis: matures, stores, and moves sperm out of the body.
- Vas Deferens: carries mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.
- Ejaculatory Ducts: combine sperm with seminal fluid and transport it to the urethra.
- Urethra: passage for urine and semen out of the body.
- Seminal Vesicles: produce fluid that nourishes sperm and neutralizes the acidic environment of the female reproductive tract.
- Prostate Gland: surrounds the urethra, contributes fluid to semen, contains enzymes that support sperm.
- Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's Glands): secrete lubricating fluid for the urethra during ejaculation.
- Penis: external organ, erectile tissue engorges with blood during arousal, delivers sperm and urine.
Female Reproductive System
- Produces and nurtures female gametes (eggs).
- Supports fetal development.
Parts of the Female Reproductive System
- Ovaries: produce eggs (ova) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
- Fallopian Tubes (Oviducts): pathway for eggs from ovaries to the uterus, where fertilization usually occurs.
- Uterus (Womb): hollow, muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops.
- Cervix: lower end of the uterus, protects against foreign substances, produces mucus to affect sperm transport.
- Vagina: muscular canal connecting the cervix to the external genitalia, passage for menstrual flow and the penis, also the birth canal.
- External Genitalia (Vulva): includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal opening.
Menstrual Cycle
- Cyclical changes in the female reproductive system.
- Includes egg release (ovulation), uterine lining changes, and hormonal fluctuations.
- Essential for fertility and reproductive health.
Maintaining Reproductive Health
- Regular check-ups with healthcare providers.
- Practicing safe sex.
- Understanding one's own body.
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