DTC 200 – KB 3: Caries Epidemiology and Early Childhood Caries

What is the main cause of the rapid acid formation in the caries process?

What factor is essential for dental caries to progress?

What is the interesting feature of an early carious lesion of the enamel?

What happens if toothbrushing is stopped for 2-3 days?

What comprises about 70% of dental plaque?

Which microorganisms are much more numerous when the diet is rich in sugar and other carbohydrates?

What happens to the pH within plaque due to outward diffusion of acids?

At what pH does further erosion occur as dental caries?

What acts as a partial barrier to diffusion for early carious lesions of the enamel?

What happens to Mutans streptococci when the diet is rich in sugar and other carbohydrates?

What do microorganisms in dental plaque mainly metabolize sugars into?

What is the critical pH for demineralization of the enamel to occur?

What is the most important natural defense against dental caries according to the text?

What is the primary risk factor for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

What is the estimated number of children suffering from caries of primary teeth globally, according to the text?

What are the essential risk factors for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the WHO 2020 report?

What determines the progression or regression of caries according to the text?

What is characterized by the presence of one or more teeth affected by carious lesions or with white spot lesions in primary teeth in a child aged under six years?

How do infants acquire Mutans Streptococci (MS) according to the text?

What is not present in oral cavity before tooh eruption, according to the text?

How is prolonged feeding linked with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

What is the recommended fluoride concentration for toothpaste usage in children with ECC?

Which method supports the remineralization of enamel in ECC?

What preventive strategy should be planned for future dentition of ECC children?

At what age should parents/caregivers take the responsibility of brushing the teeth of children?

How often should topical fluoride be applied for children in the high caries risk group?

What is the purpose of GIC restorations in ECC management?

What age group of children should use 1000 ppm fluoridated toothpaste in healthy conditions?

Which method should be used to decrease the transmission of Mutans Streptococci (MS)?

What are the recommended preventive strategies for ECC children's future dentition?

What is the suitable age for dental floss education to be given to children?

How often should topical fluoride be applied for children in the low caries risk group?

What is the suitable age for proper toothbrushing education as per the text?

Children 0-6 year old should use ______ fluoridated toothpaste.

Dentist should plan the preventive strategies for future ______.

ECC children should be evaluated as '______' group.

After stabilization, final restorations could be ______.

To emphasize the importance of regular dental ______.

Dental floss education could be given to children over ______ year old.

Topical fluoride application by dentist differs according to the ______ group of children.

Children over 6 year old could use ______ without risk.

To decrease the MS in mouth before final restorations 'stabilization' should be ______.

Parents/ caregivings should take the responsibility of brushing teeth children up to ______ year-old.

Children above 12 year old with high caries risk should use 2400 ppm fluoridated ______.

CPP-ACP (Casein Phosphopeptide - Amorphous Calcium Phosphate) usage at home supports the ______ of enamel at ECC.

The main features of the caries process are: 1. fermentation of carbohydrate to organic acids by ______

Rapid acid formation, which lowers the pH at the enamel surface, is a feature of the caries process due to the outward diffusion of ______

Dental caries progresses only when demineralization is greater than ______

One of the interesting features of an early carious lesion of the enamel is that the lesion is ______

Plaque does not consist of food debris, but comprises 70% ______

Mutans streptococci are much more numerous when the diet is rich in sugar and other ______

Plaque forms on uncleaned tooth surfaces if toothbrushing is stopped for 2-3 days. Plaque does not consist of food debris, but comprises 70% ______

Further erosion occurs at much lower pHs ( < 4) as dental ______

The layer of dental plaque on the tooth surface acts as a partial barrier to ______

Dental plaque forms on uncleaned tooth surfaces if toothbrushing is stopped for 2-3 days. Plaque does not consist of food debris, but comprises 70% ______

Mutans streptococci are much more numerous when the diet is rich in sugar and other ______

Mutans streptococci are much more numerous when the diet is rich in ______ and other carbohydrates, and these organisms are particularly good at metabolizing sugars to acids

The ______ shows that plaque pH falls from an average of about pH 6.8 to near pH 5 within 2-3 min of eating sugar, taking about 40 min to return to its original value. Below pH 5.5, demineralization of the enamel occurs, known as the critical pH.

If the process of dental caries continues, support for the surface layer will become so weak that it will crumble like an eggshell, creating a ______.

The most important of the natural defences against dental caries is ______.

Globally, an estimated 2 billion people suffer from caries of permanent teeth and 514 million children suffer from caries of primary teeth. 35 % 35-69 % > 70 % According to WHO 2020 ENDING CHILDHOOD DENTAL CARIES report, primary care teams; understand ECC as a public health problem; recognize the essential risk factors for ECC, which include non-exclusive breastfeeding, free sugars consumption, and inadequate exposure to fluoride to prevent dental caries; and identify opportunities to prevent ECC and combat its causes.

Early childhood caries (ECC) differs from dental caries in older children and adults in its rapid development, its diversity of risk factors, and its ______.

Transmission of Str Mutans from mother to baby 2. Wrong feeding habits 3. Lack of education 4. Interaction of bacteria, tooth surface, and sugary food. What are the primary ______ of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

Transmission of Str Mutans from mother to baby: Infants acquire MS from their mothers only after the eruption of primary teeth. There is not MS in oral cavity before tooh eruption. Children acquire MS during a discrete period between the age of 19 and 33 months, designated as the ‘ first window of infectivity’, and the source of initial infection mostly is through ______.

Prolonged and nocturnal (night time) breastfeeding or bottle feeding is associated with an increased risk of ECC, especially after the age of 12 months. Breast milk has lactose in it. Breastfeeding should be finished in 1520 minutes. Prolonged feeding accumulates milk on teeth the whole night which will cause to start the ______.

The aetiology and prevention of ECC are strongly determined by sociobehavioural, economic, environmental, and societal factors, known as the social determinants of ______.

The aetiology is frequently linked with a high-frequent consumption of sugared drinks or food, lack of breastfeeding, and/or poor oral hygiene. Additionally, the disease often manifests in children from poor families or living in poor environmental ______.

If salivary flow is impaired, dental caries can progress very rapidly. Saliva not only physically removes dietary substrates and acids produced by plaque from the mouth, but it has a most important role in buffering the pH in saliva and within plaque. Fast-flowing saliva is alkaline⎯reaching pH values of 7.5-8.0⎯and is vitally important in raising the pH of dental plaque previously lowered by exposure to sugar and carbohydrates. Because teeth consist largely of calcium and phosphate, the concentration of calcium and phosphate in saliva and plaque is thought to be important in determining the progression or regression of ______.

One of the tasks of epidemiology is to record the level of disease and the variation between groups. A second task is to record changes in the levels of dental caries in populations over time, while a third task is to try to explain these ______.

What is the pH at which further erosion occurs as dental caries?

What comprises about 70% of dental plaque?

How is the layer of dental plaque acting as a barrier to diffusion described in the text?

What is the primary risk factor for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

What preventive strategy should be planned for the future dentition of ECC children?

What is the estimated number of children suffering from caries of primary teeth globally, according to the text?

What factor is essential for dental caries to progress?

What is the recommended fluoride concentration for toothpaste usage in children with ECC?

What is the characteristic feature of an early carious lesion of the enamel according to the text?

How often should topical fluoride be applied for children in the low caries risk group?

What are the essential risk factors for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the WHO 2020 report?

What determines the progression or regression of caries according to the text?

What is the critical pH for demineralization of the enamel to occur?

What is the most important natural defense against dental caries according to the text?

What factor is essential for dental caries to progress?

What comprises about 70% of dental plaque?

What happens to the pH within plaque due to outward diffusion of acids?

What is the recommended fluoride concentration for toothpaste usage in children with ECC?

What is the purpose of GIC restorations in ECC management?

What is the primary risk factor for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

What is the main cause of the rapid acid formation in the caries process?

What is the critical pH for demineralization of the enamel to occur?

What happens to the pH within plaque due to outward diffusion of acids?

What is the most important natural defense against dental caries according to the text?

What are the primary risk factors for Early Childhood Caries (ECC) according to the text?

What is the estimated number of children suffering from caries of primary teeth globally, according to the text?

What is the suitable age for proper toothbrushing education as per the text?

How do infants acquire Mutans Streptococci (MS) according to the text?

What ages of children should use 1000 ppm fluoridated toothpaste in healthy conditions, as per the text?

What is the recommended fluoride concentration for toothpaste usage in children with ECC?

What happens to the pH within plaque due to outward diffusion of acids?

What factor is essential for dental caries to progress?

What method supports the remineralization of enamel in ECC?

What preventive strategy should be planned for future dentition of ECC children?

At what pH does further erosion occur as dental caries?

What comprises about 70% of dental plaque?