Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a naturally-produced hallucinogen?
Which of the following is a naturally-produced hallucinogen?
- Psilocybin
- MDMA
- Amphetamine
- Mescaline (correct)
Which model of addiction suggests that the user lacks moral character or self-control?
Which model of addiction suggests that the user lacks moral character or self-control?
- Disease model
- Positive reward model
- Physical dependence model
- Moral model (correct)
Which model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment?
Which model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment?
- Positive reward model
- Moral model
- Disease model (correct)
- Physical dependence model
Which model of addiction suggests that drug use is driven by positive reward sensations?
Which model of addiction suggests that drug use is driven by positive reward sensations?
What factor(s) contribute to the risk of addiction?
What factor(s) contribute to the risk of addiction?
What drives cue-induced drug use?
What drives cue-induced drug use?
What is the most effective treatment for addiction?
What is the most effective treatment for addiction?
What needs to be addressed in addiction treatment?
What needs to be addressed in addiction treatment?
When is Exam 1 scheduled?
When is Exam 1 scheduled?
What will be covered in the upcoming lecture on Thursday?
What will be covered in the upcoming lecture on Thursday?
Which class of drugs acts on the CNS and alters normal function?
Which class of drugs acts on the CNS and alters normal function?
Which mental illness is characterized by difficulty differentiating between real and not real?
Which mental illness is characterized by difficulty differentiating between real and not real?
Which type of symptoms are hallucinations and delusions considered to be?
Which type of symptoms are hallucinations and delusions considered to be?
Which generation of antipsychotic drugs primarily relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Which generation of antipsychotic drugs primarily relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Which class of drugs block the reuptake of 5-HT and NE?
Which class of drugs block the reuptake of 5-HT and NE?
Which class of drugs interacted with tyramine-rich diets and greatly increased stroke risk?
Which class of drugs interacted with tyramine-rich diets and greatly increased stroke risk?
Which class of drugs block Na+/Ca2+ channels at high doses, leading to potential danger?
Which class of drugs block Na+/Ca2+ channels at high doses, leading to potential danger?
Which class of drugs primarily relieve negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Which class of drugs primarily relieve negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Which class of drugs act as selective antagonists for DA D2 receptors?
Which class of drugs act as selective antagonists for DA D2 receptors?
Which class of drugs block D2 receptors along with others, like 5-HT?
Which class of drugs block D2 receptors along with others, like 5-HT?
Which type of drugs are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?
Which type of drugs are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?
Which type of drugs directly block pain signals from the body?
Which type of drugs directly block pain signals from the body?
Which type of drugs bind to cannabinoid receptors in the body?
Which type of drugs bind to cannabinoid receptors in the body?
Which type of drugs are commonly used to treat multiple sclerosis, pain, and nausea/vomiting?
Which type of drugs are commonly used to treat multiple sclerosis, pain, and nausea/vomiting?
Which type of drugs are agonists at nicotinic ACh receptors?
Which type of drugs are agonists at nicotinic ACh receptors?
Which type of drugs block monoamine reuptake and provide an alternative target for MAO?
Which type of drugs block monoamine reuptake and provide an alternative target for MAO?
Which type of drugs have a biphasic effect, with an initial stimulant phase followed by a depressant phase?
Which type of drugs have a biphasic effect, with an initial stimulant phase followed by a depressant phase?
Which type of drugs strongly activate 5-HT receptors and may help treat some psychiatric disorders?
Which type of drugs strongly activate 5-HT receptors and may help treat some psychiatric disorders?
Which type of drugs are very effective but addictive and dangerous?
Which type of drugs are very effective but addictive and dangerous?
Which type of drugs are safer alternatives to barbiturates?
Which type of drugs are safer alternatives to barbiturates?
What are the three naturally-produced hallucinogens mentioned in the text?
What are the three naturally-produced hallucinogens mentioned in the text?
What are the two systems that MDMA activates?
What are the two systems that MDMA activates?
According to the moral model of addiction, what does the user lack?
According to the moral model of addiction, what does the user lack?
According to the disease model of addiction, what is required for the user?
According to the disease model of addiction, what is required for the user?
According to the physical dependence model of addiction, why does the user continue drug use?
According to the physical dependence model of addiction, why does the user continue drug use?
What are the withdrawal symptoms of opioid drugs?
What are the withdrawal symptoms of opioid drugs?
According to the positive reward model of addiction, what compels drug use?
According to the positive reward model of addiction, what compels drug use?
What are some factors that contribute to the risk of addiction?
What are some factors that contribute to the risk of addiction?
What is cue-induced drug use?
What is cue-induced drug use?
What are some possible treatments for addiction?
What are some possible treatments for addiction?
What are the three main types of opioid receptors?
What are the three main types of opioid receptors?
What are the two psychoactive drugs produced by the cannabis plant?
What are the two psychoactive drugs produced by the cannabis plant?
What are the effects of THC when used recreationally?
What are the effects of THC when used recreationally?
What is the legal status of cannabis as of 09/23?
What is the legal status of cannabis as of 09/23?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
What are the short-term effects of amphetamine?
What are the short-term effects of amphetamine?
What is the mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
What is the mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
What are the effects of alcohol during the stimulant phase?
What are the effects of alcohol during the stimulant phase?
What are the effects of LSD?
What are the effects of LSD?
What is the permanent fetal damage resulting from alcohol abuse during pregnancy called?
What is the permanent fetal damage resulting from alcohol abuse during pregnancy called?
What are the four major classes of therapeutic drugs?
What are the four major classes of therapeutic drugs?
What is schizophrenia?
What is schizophrenia?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
What is the difference between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What is the difference between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What are the earliest antidepressant drugs?
What are the earliest antidepressant drugs?
What is the problem with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors?
What is the problem with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors?
What do tricyclic antidepressant drugs block?
What do tricyclic antidepressant drugs block?
What is the problem with tricyclic antidepressant drugs at high doses?
What is the problem with tricyclic antidepressant drugs at high doses?
What are the four major classes of therapeutic drugs?
What are the four major classes of therapeutic drugs?
What are the different addiction models mentioned in the text?
What are the different addiction models mentioned in the text?
What are the effects of mescaline and psilocybin?
What are the effects of mescaline and psilocybin?
What are the effects of MDMA?
What are the effects of MDMA?
What systems does MDMA activate?
What systems does MDMA activate?
What are the claims of the moral model of addiction?
What are the claims of the moral model of addiction?
What are the claims of the disease model of addiction?
What are the claims of the disease model of addiction?
What are the claims of the physical dependence model of addiction?
What are the claims of the physical dependence model of addiction?
What are the claims of the positive reward model of addiction?
What are the claims of the positive reward model of addiction?
What factors contribute to the risk of addiction?
What factors contribute to the risk of addiction?
What is cue-induced drug use?
What is cue-induced drug use?
What are the differences between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What are the differences between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What are the problems associated with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors as antidepressant drugs?
What are the problems associated with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors as antidepressant drugs?
What are the dangers of tricyclic antidepressant drugs at high doses?
What are the dangers of tricyclic antidepressant drugs at high doses?
Which class of drugs strongly activates 5-HT receptors and may help treat some psychiatric disorders?
Which class of drugs strongly activates 5-HT receptors and may help treat some psychiatric disorders?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
What drives cue-induced drug use?
What drives cue-induced drug use?
Which model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment?
Which model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment?
What are some possible treatments for addiction?
What are some possible treatments for addiction?
What factors contribute to the risk of addiction?
What factors contribute to the risk of addiction?
What are the three main types of opioid receptors and what do they stand for?
What are the three main types of opioid receptors and what do they stand for?
What are the two psychoactive drugs produced by the cannabis plant?
What are the two psychoactive drugs produced by the cannabis plant?
What are the effects of THC when used recreationally?
What are the effects of THC when used recreationally?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
What are the effects of LSD?
What are the effects of LSD?
What are the three naturally-produced hallucinogens mentioned in the text?
What are the three naturally-produced hallucinogens mentioned in the text?
What is schizophrenia?
What is schizophrenia?
What do tricyclic antidepressant drugs block?
What do tricyclic antidepressant drugs block?
What is the mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
What is the mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
According to the positive reward model of addiction, drug use is compelled by positive reward ______.
According to the positive reward model of addiction, drug use is compelled by positive reward ______.
Mescaline and psilocybin are examples of naturally-produced ______.
Mescaline and psilocybin are examples of naturally-produced ______.
MDMA is a hallucinogenic version of ______.
MDMA is a hallucinogenic version of ______.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that the user lacks moral character or self-control.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that the user lacks moral character or self-control.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that the user requires medical treatment.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that drug use is to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that drug use is to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that drug use is driven by positive reward sensations.
The ______ model of addiction suggests that drug use is driven by positive reward sensations.
Environmental stimuli can become associated with the effects of drugs, leading to ______ drug use.
Environmental stimuli can become associated with the effects of drugs, leading to ______ drug use.
No single treatment is most effective for addiction, and treatment needs to address medical, social, psychological, vocational, and legal ______ of the user.
No single treatment is most effective for addiction, and treatment needs to address medical, social, psychological, vocational, and legal ______ of the user.
Preventing addiction from occurring in the first place can be achieved through behavioral therapies and ______.
Preventing addiction from occurring in the first place can be achieved through behavioral therapies and ______.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (______) are specific to 5-HT and include Prozac, Zoloft, and Celexa.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (______) are specific to 5-HT and include Prozac, Zoloft, and Celexa.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (______) target both 5-HT and NE and include Effexor.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (______) target both 5-HT and NE and include Effexor.
______ function as CNS depressants and are typically GABAA agonists.
______ function as CNS depressants and are typically GABAA agonists.
______ are the earliest drugs used as sedative-hypnotics, but they are addictive and dangerous.
______ are the earliest drugs used as sedative-hypnotics, but they are addictive and dangerous.
______, such as Xanax, Valium, and Librium, are safer alternatives to barbiturates.
______, such as Xanax, Valium, and Librium, are safer alternatives to barbiturates.
______ directly block pain signals from the body and work on the same receptors as endogenous opioids.
______ directly block pain signals from the body and work on the same receptors as endogenous opioids.
Cannabis produces several psychoactive drugs, including THC and CBD, which bind to cannabinoid receptors.
Cannabis produces several psychoactive drugs, including THC and CBD, which bind to cannabinoid receptors.
______ is the active ingredient in cannabis and is often used recreationally for its effects.
______ is the active ingredient in cannabis and is often used recreationally for its effects.
______ is a less-psychoactive cannabinoid with claims of anxiolytic, antipsychotic, and antiepileptic effects.
______ is a less-psychoactive cannabinoid with claims of anxiolytic, antipsychotic, and antiepileptic effects.
______ increase neuronal activity by acting on monoamine systems, such as nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamine.
______ increase neuronal activity by acting on monoamine systems, such as nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamine.
Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used to relieve ______ symptoms of schizophrenia
Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used to relieve ______ symptoms of schizophrenia
Tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of ______ and NE
Tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of ______ and NE
The earliest antidepressant drugs were monoamine oxidase (MAO) ______
The earliest antidepressant drugs were monoamine oxidase (MAO) ______
MAOIs interacted with tyramine-rich diets, greatly increasing the risk of ______
MAOIs interacted with tyramine-rich diets, greatly increasing the risk of ______
The four major classes of therapeutic drugs are antipsychotics, ______, anxiolytics, and analgesics
The four major classes of therapeutic drugs are antipsychotics, ______, anxiolytics, and analgesics
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by ______
Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by ______
The newest antipsychotics block D2 receptors along with others, like ______
The newest antipsychotics block D2 receptors along with others, like ______
Tricyclic antidepressants block Na+/Ca2+ ______ at high doses
Tricyclic antidepressants block Na+/Ca2+ ______ at high doses
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include ______ and delusions
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include ______ and delusions
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include social withdrawal and ______ emotion
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include social withdrawal and ______ emotion
Match the following drug types with their descriptions:
Match the following drug types with their descriptions:
Match the following symptoms with the associated condition:
Match the following symptoms with the associated condition:
Match the following drug types with their associated problems:
Match the following drug types with their associated problems:
Match the generation of antipsychotic drugs with their characteristics:
Match the generation of antipsychotic drugs with their characteristics:
Match the following therapeutic drugs with their effects:
Match the following therapeutic drugs with their effects:
Match the drug with its action:
Match the drug with its action:
Match the therapeutic drug class with its associated mental disorder:
Match the therapeutic drug class with its associated mental disorder:
Match the drug with its associated risk:
Match the drug with its associated risk:
Match the description with the type of Schizophrenia symptoms:
Match the description with the type of Schizophrenia symptoms:
Match the drug type with its mechanism of action:
Match the drug type with its mechanism of action:
Match the following hallucinogens with their sources:
Match the following hallucinogens with their sources:
Match the following addiction models with their brief descriptions:
Match the following addiction models with their brief descriptions:
Match the opioid drug effects with their corresponding withdrawal symptoms:
Match the opioid drug effects with their corresponding withdrawal symptoms:
Match the following factors with their roles in addiction:
Match the following factors with their roles in addiction:
Match these terms with their definitions related to addiction:
Match these terms with their definitions related to addiction:
Match the following treatment methods for addiction with their descriptions:
Match the following treatment methods for addiction with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to drug effects:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to drug effects:
Match the following models of addiction with their descriptions:
Match the following models of addiction with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to addiction treatment:
Match the following terms with their descriptions related to addiction treatment:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to addiction research:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to addiction research:
Match the following drugs to their primary effects:
Match the following drugs to their primary effects:
Match the following drugs to their respective receptor types:
Match the following drugs to their respective receptor types:
Match the following substances to their effects:
Match the following substances to their effects:
Match the following drugs with their specific properties:
Match the following drugs with their specific properties:
Match the following substances to their effects:
Match the following substances to their effects:
Match the following drugs to their primary usage:
Match the following drugs to their primary usage:
Match the following drugs to their associated risks:
Match the following drugs to their associated risks:
Match the following drugs to their effects:
Match the following drugs to their effects:
Match the following drugs to their effects on monoamines:
Match the following drugs to their effects on monoamines:
Match the following drugs to their effects:
Match the following drugs to their effects:
What type of pain is characterized as sharp, quick pain that triggers protective reflexes?
What type of pain is characterized as sharp, quick pain that triggers protective reflexes?
Which type of nociceptor contains TRPV1 channels that open at high temperatures and also binds capsaicin?
Which type of nociceptor contains TRPV1 channels that open at high temperatures and also binds capsaicin?
Which structure in the natural pain control system is activated by strong pain signals and releases endogenous opioids into the spinal cord?
Which structure in the natural pain control system is activated by strong pain signals and releases endogenous opioids into the spinal cord?
Which type of drugs bind to opioid receptors in the spinal cord and gate pain signals directly?
Which type of drugs bind to opioid receptors in the spinal cord and gate pain signals directly?
Which method of pain control typically uses electrical stimulation to block or alter pain signals to the brain?
Which method of pain control typically uses electrical stimulation to block or alter pain signals to the brain?
Which class of drugs primarily relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Which class of drugs primarily relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
What is the primary mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
What is the primary mechanism of action for amphetamine on monoamines?
Which type of drugs directly block pain signals from the body and work on the same receptors as endogenous opioids?
Which type of drugs directly block pain signals from the body and work on the same receptors as endogenous opioids?
What are some factors that contribute to the risk of addiction?
What are some factors that contribute to the risk of addiction?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
What are the claims of CBD's effects?
Which type of receptor cell responds to vibration and pressure in the skin?
Which type of receptor cell responds to vibration and pressure in the skin?
What is the term for the progressive decrease in a receptor's response to sustained stimulation?
What is the term for the progressive decrease in a receptor's response to sustained stimulation?
Which brain regions are important in attention and are activated when expecting a stimulus?
Which brain regions are important in attention and are activated when expecting a stimulus?
What is the term for the area in which the presence of a stimulus will alter a receptor cell's firing rate?
What is the term for the area in which the presence of a stimulus will alter a receptor cell's firing rate?
Which strategy is used by sensory systems to detect varied stimuli by using different receptor cells to respond to different types of stimuli?
Which strategy is used by sensory systems to detect varied stimuli by using different receptor cells to respond to different types of stimuli?
Which region of the brain is responsible for more advanced processing of somatosensory information?
Which region of the brain is responsible for more advanced processing of somatosensory information?
What is the term for the process by which we select or focus on specific stimuli for enhanced processing and analysis?
What is the term for the process by which we select or focus on specific stimuli for enhanced processing and analysis?
Which type of neurons process several different sensory modalities at the same time?
Which type of neurons process several different sensory modalities at the same time?
What is the term for a condition in which a stimulus in one modality also creates a sensation in another?
What is the term for a condition in which a stimulus in one modality also creates a sensation in another?
Which pathway contains a specialized thalamic nucleus, primary sensory cortex, and nonprimary/secondary sensory cortex?
Which pathway contains a specialized thalamic nucleus, primary sensory cortex, and nonprimary/secondary sensory cortex?
Which type of sensory receptor organs are specialized to detect a certain stimulus?
Which type of sensory receptor organs are specialized to detect a certain stimulus?
What is the somatosensory system responsible for?
What is the somatosensory system responsible for?
What is the function of labeled lines in the somatosensory system?
What is the function of labeled lines in the somatosensory system?
What is a receptor potential in the somatosensory system?
What is a receptor potential in the somatosensory system?
What type of pupils do animals with land-based predators, especially grazers, have?
What type of pupils do animals with land-based predators, especially grazers, have?
What type of pupils do small ambush predators that hunt on the ground have?
What type of pupils do small ambush predators that hunt on the ground have?
What type of pupils do foragers, pack hunters, and pursuit predators have?
What type of pupils do foragers, pack hunters, and pursuit predators have?
What is the main function of sensory receptor organs?
What is the main function of sensory receptor organs?
What is the function of labeled lines in sensory transduction?
What is the function of labeled lines in sensory transduction?
What is the purpose of the somatosensory system?
What is the purpose of the somatosensory system?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Hallucinogens
- Psilocybin, mescaline, and LSD are naturally-produced hallucinogens
- Psilocybin and mescaline are examples of naturally-produced hallucinogens
Models of Addiction
- Moral model: suggests that the user lacks moral character or self-control
- Disease model: suggests that the user requires medical treatment
- Physical dependence model: suggests that drug use is to avoid withdrawal symptoms
- Positive reward model: suggests that drug use is driven by positive reward sensations
Addiction
- Factors that contribute to the risk of addiction:
- Cue-induced drug use: environmental stimuli can become associated with the effects of drugs, leading to drug use
- Treatment: needs to address medical, social, psychological, vocational, and legal aspects of the user
- Prevention: can be achieved through behavioral therapies and education
Drugs
- Antipsychotics: primarily relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia
- Second-generation antipsychotics: relieve negative symptoms of schizophrenia
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): block the reuptake of 5-HT and NE
- Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors: block monoamine reuptake and provide an alternative target for MAO
- Nicotinic ACh receptor agonists: are agonists at nicotinic ACh receptors
- Cannabinoids: bind to cannabinoid receptors in the body
- Opioids: act on the CNS and alter normal function, with three main types of opioid receptors: mu, kappa, and delta
- Amphetamines: have a biphasic effect, with an initial stimulant phase followed by a depressant phase
- Hallucinogens: strongly activate 5-HT receptors and may help treat some psychiatric disorders
Mental Illness
- Schizophrenia: characterized by difficulty differentiating between real and not real
- Positive symptoms: hallucinations and delusions
- Negative symptoms: apathy, social withdrawal, and loss of motivation
Therapeutic Drugs
- Four major classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and sedatives
- Antidepressants: earliest are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Specific Drugs
- MDMA: activates the serotonin and dopamine systems
- THC: has effects on recreational users, with claims of CBD's effects being anxiolytic and antipsychotic
- LSD: has hallucinogenic effects
- Amphetamine: has a mechanism of action on monoamines, releasing dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin
- Cannabis: produces two psychoactive drugs, THC and CBD, with legal status as of 09/23
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
