Sherpath CH 31 Overview Week 4

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Which name does the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council assign to a drug?

Trade

Official

Generic (correct)

Chemical

Which organization is responsible for the enforcement of medication legislation in the United States?

National Formulary

Drug Enforcement Administration

United States Pharmacopeia

Food and Drug Administration (correct)

In which controlled substances schedule is morphine listed?

Schedule I

Schedule II (correct)

Schedule III

Schedule IV

Match each of the four pharmacokinetic processes with its definition.

Less-active drug and its metabolites are removed from the body = Excretion Drug passes from the site of administration into the bloodstream = Absorption Drug altered to a less-active form = Metabolism Drug delivered to tissues and organs to the specific site of action = Distribution Signup and view all the answers

Which statements describe the pharmacodynamic concept of half-life? Select all that apply.

Half-life varies from drug to drug. Signup and view all the answers

Place the four pharmacokinetic processes in the order in which they occur.

Distribution = 2 Absorption = 1 Metabolism = 3 Excretion = 4 Signup and view all the answers

Which drug response requires prior exposure to the medication?

Allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes how a toxic effect differs from an adverse effect?

Toxic effects result from an excessive concentration of the drug in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Which example represents a synergistic effect?

The effect of drug A is increased when given with drug B. Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamins are water soluble and excreted by the body through the kidneys? Select all that apply.

Vitamin B Signup and view all the answers

A drug prescription must include which information to be considered legally valid? Select all that apply.

Route of drug administration Signup and view all the answers

Nerve damage to the limbs, which may cause numbness, trouble walking, and pain, is an adverse effect of which water-soluble vitamin?

Pyridoxine Signup and view all the answers

Which form of medication is manufactured in a way that delays disintegration and absorption until the medication reaches the intestines?

Enteric-coated tablet Signup and view all the answers

For which route of medication administration would a nebulizer be used?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase describes a capsule?

Enclosed in a cylindrical gelatin coating Signup and view all the answers

Match the legislative provision to the act in which it is found.

Harris-Kefauver Amendment to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act = Drugs must be proven effective before marketing Controlled Substances Act = Drugs are categorized based on potential for abuse Pure Food and Drug Act = Drugs must be free of adulteration Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act = Drugs must be proven safe before marketing Signup and view all the answers

Which statements apply to the classification of drugs in the controlled substances schedules?

Some scheduled drugs have no accepted medical use. Signup and view all the answers

At which time would blood be obtained to measure the trough level of a medication?

Just before a dose is administered Signup and view all the answers

Arrange the drug administration routes by absorption rate, from quickest to slowest.

Intravenous = 1 Subcutaneous = 3 Intramuscular = 2 Oral = 4 Signup and view all the answers

Which conclusion can be drawn about a medication with a short half-life?

Doses will be given frequently. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the phenomenon of a drug’s effect being decreased by taking it with another substance?

Antagonism Signup and view all the answers

Match the drug effect or reaction to its descriptor.

Occurs when concentration of drug in the blood exceeds therapeutic range = Toxic effect Unpredictable immune response to medications = Allergic reaction Predictable, dose-dependent effect unrelated to the therapeutic effect = Side effect Unpredictable over-, under-, or abnormal patient response to medicatio = Idiosyncratic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Upset stomach and kidney stones are side effects of which vitamin?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Match the side effect to the herb that causes it.

Garlic = Body odor Ginseng = Sleep problems Gingko biloba = Allergic skin reactions St. John’s wort = Sensitivity to sunlight Signup and view all the answers

Use of which herb places the patient at greatest risk for a drug interaction?

St. John’s wort Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of solution to its descriptor.

A sterile solution or suspension = Drops Mixed with sugar and water = Syrup Finely crushed particles in liquid = Suspension Contains alcohol, water, and sweetener = Elixir Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of drug name with the appropriate descriptor.

Describes a drug’s molecular structure = Chemical name Nonproprietary name assigned by the United States Adopted Names Council = Generic name Name used in the National Formulary = Official name Brand name approved by the Food and Drug Administration = Trade name Signup and view all the answers

Match the route of drug administration to its descriptor

Against the cheek = Buccal On skin or mucous membranes = Topical Under the tongue = Sublingual By injection or infusion = Parenteral Signup and view all the answers

Which method of drug administration is used primarily when a local effect of medication is desired?

Topical Signup and view all the answers

The risk for toxicity is greatest with which type of drugs?

Drugs with a narrow therapeutic range Signup and view all the answers