Sherpath CH 31 Overview Week 4

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Questions and Answers

Which name does the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council assign to a drug?

  • Trade
  • Official
  • Generic (correct)
  • Chemical

Which organization is responsible for the enforcement of medication legislation in the United States?

  • National Formulary
  • Drug Enforcement Administration
  • United States Pharmacopeia
  • Food and Drug Administration (correct)

In which controlled substances schedule is morphine listed?

  • Schedule I
  • Schedule II (correct)
  • Schedule III
  • Schedule IV

Match each of the four pharmacokinetic processes with its definition.

<p>Less-active drug and its metabolites are removed from the body = Excretion Drug passes from the site of administration into the bloodstream = Absorption Drug altered to a less-active form = Metabolism Drug delivered to tissues and organs to the specific site of action = Distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statements describe the pharmacodynamic concept of half-life? Select all that apply.

<p>Half-life varies from drug to drug. (A), Spacing of doses to maintain consistent therapeutic effects is based on the medication’s half-life. (B), Half-life reflects the speed with which a drug is metabolized and excreted from the body. (C), Medications with a short half-life must be administered more frequently than those with a long half-life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Place the four pharmacokinetic processes in the order in which they occur.

<p>Distribution = 2 Absorption = 1 Metabolism = 3 Excretion = 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug response requires prior exposure to the medication?

<p>Allergic reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes how a toxic effect differs from an adverse effect?

<p>Toxic effects result from an excessive concentration of the drug in the blood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example represents a synergistic effect?

<p>The effect of drug A is increased when given with drug B. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamins are water soluble and excreted by the body through the kidneys? Select all that apply.

<p>Vitamin B (B), Vitamin C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drug prescription must include which information to be considered legally valid? Select all that apply.

<p>Route of drug administration (A), Frequency of drug administration (B), Date the prescription was written (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nerve damage to the limbs, which may cause numbness, trouble walking, and pain, is an adverse effect of which water-soluble vitamin?

<p>Pyridoxine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of medication is manufactured in a way that delays disintegration and absorption until the medication reaches the intestines?

<p>Enteric-coated tablet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which route of medication administration would a nebulizer be used?

<p>Inhalation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase describes a capsule?

<p>Enclosed in a cylindrical gelatin coating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the legislative provision to the act in which it is found.

<p>Harris-Kefauver Amendment to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act = Drugs must be proven effective before marketing Controlled Substances Act = Drugs are categorized based on potential for abuse Pure Food and Drug Act = Drugs must be free of adulteration Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act = Drugs must be proven safe before marketing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statements apply to the classification of drugs in the controlled substances schedules?

<p>Some scheduled drugs have no accepted medical use. (A), All scheduled drugs have an associated risk for abuse. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which time would blood be obtained to measure the trough level of a medication?

<p>Just before a dose is administered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arrange the drug administration routes by absorption rate, from quickest to slowest.

<p>Intravenous = 1 Subcutaneous = 3 Intramuscular = 2 Oral = 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which conclusion can be drawn about a medication with a short half-life?

<p>Doses will be given frequently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the phenomenon of a drug’s effect being decreased by taking it with another substance?

<p>Antagonism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the drug effect or reaction to its descriptor.

<p>Occurs when concentration of drug in the blood exceeds therapeutic range = Toxic effect Unpredictable immune response to medications = Allergic reaction Predictable, dose-dependent effect unrelated to the therapeutic effect = Side effect Unpredictable over-, under-, or abnormal patient response to medicatio = Idiosyncratic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Upset stomach and kidney stones are side effects of which vitamin?

<p>Vitamin C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the side effect to the herb that causes it.

<p>Garlic = Body odor Ginseng = Sleep problems Gingko biloba = Allergic skin reactions St. John’s wort = Sensitivity to sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

Use of which herb places the patient at greatest risk for a drug interaction?

<p>St. John’s wort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of solution to its descriptor.

<p>A sterile solution or suspension = Drops Mixed with sugar and water = Syrup Finely crushed particles in liquid = Suspension Contains alcohol, water, and sweetener = Elixir</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of drug name with the appropriate descriptor.

<p>Describes a drug’s molecular structure = Chemical name Nonproprietary name assigned by the United States Adopted Names Council = Generic name Name used in the National Formulary = Official name Brand name approved by the Food and Drug Administration = Trade name</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the route of drug administration to its descriptor

<p>Against the cheek = Buccal On skin or mucous membranes = Topical Under the tongue = Sublingual By injection or infusion = Parenteral</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of drug administration is used primarily when a local effect of medication is desired?

<p>Topical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The risk for toxicity is greatest with which type of drugs?

<p>Drugs with a narrow therapeutic range (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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