Drug Metabolism and Xenobiotics

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Which type of enzymes are responsible for the enzymatic biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics?

Neurotransmitter enzymes

Hormone-regulating enzymes

Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (correct)

Immune system enzymes

What is the primary site of drug metabolism?

Plasma

Lung

Liver (correct)

Kidney

Which type of reactions are involved in Phase 1 biotransformations?

Dehydration, condensation, polymerization

Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis (correct)

Methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation

Decarboxylation, esterification, saponification

What is the term for the process where enzymes mask functional groups by adding new groups to xenobiotics?

Conjugation Signup and view all the answers

What type of carriers actively remove hydrophilic metabolites from cells?

Efflux transporters Signup and view all the answers

How can genetic polymorphism affect drug metabolism?

By influencing enzyme activity levels Signup and view all the answers

What environmental factor can alter the kinetics of an enzyme and the pattern of metabolism?

Competition with environmental substances for metabolizing enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to bioactivation of metabolites from inactive parent drugs?

Glucuronidation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of the liver and extrahepatic tissues to metabolize substances before reaching systemic blood levels?

First pass metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which organs, other than the liver, contain xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes?

Nervous tissue, kidney, lung Signup and view all the answers

Drug Metabolism and Xenobiotics

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Questions and Answers

Which type of enzymes are responsible for the enzymatic biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics?

What is the primary site of drug metabolism?

Which type of reactions are involved in Phase 1 biotransformations?

What is the term for the process where enzymes mask functional groups by adding new groups to xenobiotics?

What type of carriers actively remove hydrophilic metabolites from cells?

How can genetic polymorphism affect drug metabolism?

What environmental factor can alter the kinetics of an enzyme and the pattern of metabolism?

Which factor can lead to bioactivation of metabolites from inactive parent drugs?

What is the term for the ability of the liver and extrahepatic tissues to metabolize substances before reaching systemic blood levels?

Which organs, other than the liver, contain xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes?

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MPP lecture 3

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