14 Questions
Which organ primarily plays an active role in enzymatic deactivation of drugs?
Liver
Where are enzymes found that destroy some drugs?
Brain
What happens when enzymes transform molecules of a drug into other forms?
The drug becomes more active
Which factor determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?
Lipid solubility
Which type of molecules can pass through the cells that line the capillaries in the central nervous system?
Lipid-soluble molecules
Which drug produces a more intense 'rush' due to its faster distribution to the brain?
Diacetylmorphine (Heroin)
What is the best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug?
Dose-response curve
Which route of drug administration allows for the fastest entry into the bloodstream?
Intravenous
Where are most of the sites of action for drugs that affect behavior located?
On or in particular cells in the central nervous system
Which type of drug administration allows for the slowest rate of drug absorption into the bloodstream?
Oral
Which drug is more lipid soluble, heroin or morphine?
Heroin
What is the main reason why drug addicts prefer heroin to morphine?
Heroin has a more intense 'rush'
What is the primary role of the blood-brain barrier?
To prevent water-soluble molecules from passing through
What happens when the maximum effect of a drug is reached?
Increasing the dose does not produce any more effect
Study Notes
Drug Metabolism
- The liver primarily plays an active role in enzymatic deactivation of drugs.
- Enzymes that destroy some drugs are found in the liver.
Drug Transformation
- When enzymes transform molecules of a drug into other forms, it leads to deactivation or activation of the drug.
Drug Distribution
- The rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain is determined by the blood-brain barrier.
- Lipid-soluble molecules can pass through the cells that line the capillaries in the central nervous system.
Drug Delivery
- Heroin produces a more intense 'rush' due to its faster distribution to the brain compared to morphine.
- The best way to measure the effectiveness of a drug is by observing its effects on the body.
Routes of Administration
- The intravenous route of drug administration allows for the fastest entry into the bloodstream.
- Subcutaneous or transdermal routes of drug administration allow for the slowest rate of drug absorption into the bloodstream.
Sites of Action
- Most sites of action for drugs that affect behavior are located in the brain.
Drug Properties
- Heroin is more lipid-soluble than morphine, which is why drug addicts prefer heroin to morphine.
Blood-Brain Barrier
- The primary role of the blood-brain barrier is to protect the central nervous system from foreign substances.
Drug Effects
- When the maximum effect of a drug is reached, it indicates that the drug has reached the highest concentration in the body.
Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Drug Metabolism and Enzymatic Deactivation Discover how well you understand the role of enzymes in drug metabolism and deactivation with this informative quiz. From the liver to the kidneys, explore the key organs involved in drug breakdown and learn about the various ways enzymes can transform drugs into biologically active forms. Challenge your knowledge and enhance your understanding of this vital process in pharmacology.
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