30 Questions
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is IgE mediated and occurs upon re-exposure to an allergen?
Type I
What are the manifestations of Type I hypersensitivity?
Pruritus and urticaria, bronchospasm, respiratory distress, laryngeal edema, circulatory collapse, or death
What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine
What should be prescribed to individuals with recurrent exposure to allergens likely to cause anaphylaxis?
Autoinjectable epinephrine
Which type of drug reaction is typically mediated by T cells and may occur more than 1 hour after initial exposure?
Type B
Which type of drug reaction is characterized by the formation of antigen-antibody (IgG or IgM) complexes that deposit on blood vessel walls and activate complement?
Type C
Which type of drug reaction is characterized by the activation of T lymphocytes, release of cytokines, and recruitment of effector cells?
Type D
Which type of drug reaction is typically mediated by allergen binding to IgE on basophils or mast cells, resulting in the release of inflammatory mediators?
Type A
Which of the following is the first line treatment for an anaphylactic reaction?
Epinephrine
What is the main objective of this lecture?
Describe the different types of allergic reactions and antibodies associated
Which book chapter discusses the function and evaluation of the immune system?
Ch. e102
What is the role of penicillin skin testing and drug desensitization in therapy?
To identify common offending agents for patients presenting with allergic reactions
Which of the following is a proposed mechanism for drug hypersensitivity reactions?
Complement activation
Which medication is the second most commonly reported allergy?
Aspirin
Which of the following is a risk factor for immediate reactions to radiocontrast media?
No past reaction to contrast
What type of reaction is L.M. experiencing?
Delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Which type of reaction is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and may present with clinical features of an autoimmune disorder?
Type III
Which type of reaction is characterized by a positive Coombs test, jaundice, and dark-colored urine?
Type II
Which type of reaction is characterized by dyspnea, decreased breath sounds, and wheezing after a bee sting?
Type I
Which type of reaction is characterized by fever without cutaneous symptoms and clinical improvement with persistent leukocytosis and/or high-grade fever?
Type IV
Which type of drug reaction is characterized by the formation of antigen-antibody complexes in blood, which often deposit in blood vessel walls or tissues?
Type III
Which type of drug reaction is characterized by the binding of the drug antigen with sensitized T cells?
Type IV
Which drug reaction is the most common type of severe drug eruption?
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
Which drug reaction is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, widespread maculopapular-pustular rash, and late onset internal organ damage?
Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
Which of the following is the major determinant in the Penicillin Skin Testing Agent PPL procedure?
Puncture (scratch) test
What is the concentration of the full-strength solution used in the PPL procedure?
6 x 10-5 mol/L
What is the interpretation if no wheal or erythema or wheal <5 mm diameter is observed after 15 minutes in the PPL procedure?
Proceed with intradermal test
What is the interpretation if a wheal or erythema >5-15 mm diameter is observed within 15 minutes in the PPL procedure?
Choose alternative agent
What is the concentration of the Penicillin G potassium solution used in the scratch test?
10,000 unit/mL
What is the interpretation if a positive response is observed in the Penicillin G potassium intradermal test?
Choose alternative agent
Test your knowledge of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) and their clinical signs and symptoms. Learn about proposed mechanisms such as complement activation and direct histamine release. Explore specific DHRs like the Vancomycin Infusion Reaction and medications correlated with DHRs.
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