Drug Distribution in the Body

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Which type of drugs tend to stay within the blood and the fluid that surrounds cells?

Highly fat-soluble drugs

Fat-soluble drugs

Water-soluble drugs (correct)

Protein-binding drugs

In which part of the body does iodine mainly concentrate?

Fatty tissues

Brain tissue

Muscle tissue

Thyroid gland (correct)

Which drug rapidly enters the brain due to its high fat solubility?

Atenolol

Clorazepate

Penicillin

Rifampin (correct)

Which type of drugs can cross cell membranes more quickly than water-soluble drugs?

Highly fat-soluble drugs Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs bind tightly to proteins circulating in the blood and leave the bloodstream very slowly?

Protein-binding drugs Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and increasing metabolic rate?

Triiodothyronine (T3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thyroid hormone in normal growth and development?

Developing skeletal and nervous systems Signup and view all the answers

Which organ secretes the hormones thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin?

Thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of calcitonin?

Regulating blood calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone will be used to refer to both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)?

Thyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is critically important for normal growth, development, and energy metabolism?

Triiodothyronine (T3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of thyroglobulin in the thyroid functional unit?

To provide a substrate for iodination of tyrosine residues Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the oxidation of iodide in the thyroid functional unit?

Thyroperoxidase Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of the coupling of iodinated tyrosine in the thyroid functional unit?

Formation of T3 or T4 Signup and view all the answers

How are T4 and T3 released and secreted into the plasma in the thyroid functional unit?

As a result of fusion of endocytotic vesicles with lysosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the regulation of thyroid function?

To control blood flow through the gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of thyroid hormones in the body?

To produce a general increase in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body do thyroid hormones play a crucial role?

Central nervous system (CNS) Signup and view all the answers

What causes thyrotoxicosis?

Excessive activity of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of somatostatin on TSH release?

To reduce basal TSH release Signup and view all the answers

Which substance induces TSH release from the anterior pituitary?

Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) Signup and view all the answers