Drug Dependence and Poisoning Quiz

<p>Wider therapeutic index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased resistance to their effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Level of hydration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exaggerated response due to genetic factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Financial assessment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unique features of overdose conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Postmortem examination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normal brain tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Family medical history of renal failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To remove the poison from the gastrointestinal tract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activated charcoal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of vision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removal of poorly absorbed drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>D-penicillamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenous phentolamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhancing the elimination of poison via urine output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forced diuresis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proper exhaust ventilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate the drug through urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe vomiting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Na hyposulfite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To remove toxins from the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohol consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ingestion, inhalation or through the skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Needle puncture marks and irregular scars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 million human poisoning cases annually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gingivitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anorexia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart rhythm disturbances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constricted pupils that dilate on facial skin stimulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin temperature measurement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supportive measures for respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distillation of wood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forced alkaline diuresis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It accelerates metabolism of ethanol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypoglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is rapidly absorbed and distributed mainly to the optic nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common symptom of cocaine overdose where the user feels insects crawling under their skin.

A term for the symptoms of chronic cocaine use, including feelings of insects crawling under the skin, severe itching, and irritability.

A general term for dependence on cocaine, which can lead to a cluster of symptoms including irritability, neurological pain, and a tendency to violence.

A class of medications commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia, known for being effective but also potentially addictive. Their potential for overdose is relatively low compared to older drugs used for similar purposes.

A group of medications, including benzodiazepines, used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders.

A potentially life-threatening symptom of meth use characterized by an unusually fast heart rate.

A symptom of meth use where the body temperature rises significantly, potentially leading to dangerous complications.

A drug used to counter the effects of methamphetamine overdose, often given intravenously.

A symptom of meth use often resulting in sores and infections due to excessive scratching.

A condition often associated with methamphetamine use characterized by severe dental decay and tooth loss.

A neurotransmitter that plays a key role in reward and motivation, its levels are heavily influenced by methamphetamine.

The cycle of intense high followed by a period of exhaustion and negative effects associated with methamphetamine use.

One of the primary ways methamphetamine impacts the brain, leading to cravings and dependence.

A method used to remove poisons from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by preventing their absorption. It involves using activated charcoal to bind to the poison and prevent it from entering the bloodstream.

Substances that are poorly absorbed by activated charcoal, making them unsuitable for gastrointestinal decontamination.

A type of gastrointestinal decontamination that uses specific medications, primarily magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt), to stimulate bowel movements and eliminate the poison from the GIT.

A specialized gastrointestinal decontamination technique involving continuous irrigation of the entire GIT with a non-absorbable isotonic electrolyte solution (usually polyethylene glycol) administered through a nasogastric tube to rapidly cleanse the intestines of the poison.

The process of enhancing the removal of a poison from the blood by increasing the rate at which the kidneys filter waste products.

A method used to enhance poison elimination from the blood that involves using artificial means to filter the blood and remove toxins.

Removal of the poison from the blood by passing the blood through a column containing activated charcoal or other absorbents.

Removal of the poison from the blood by separating plasma from the blood and replacing it with fresh plasma.

Achlorhydria is a condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. This can decrease the toxicity of potassium cyanide by reducing its absorption.

Idiosyncrasy refers to an abnormal or unexpected response to a drug or substance that is unique to an individual.

Hypersensitivity, often related to allergies, is an exaggerated response to a drug or substance. It's usually an antigen-antibody reaction.

Tolerance in the context of poisoning refers to the body's gradual decrease in responsiveness to a particular poison over time, often due to repeated exposure.

Toxidromes are a set of clinical signs and symptoms that are commonly observed in patients who have been exposed to a specific poison or class of poisons.

Postmortem changes are observable alterations in the body after death. They can provide information about the cause of death, especially in poisoning cases.

These changes, such as the presence of edema, congestion, or putrefaction, might be specific to certain types of poisoning. The rigor mortis is the stiffness that sets in after death.

Rigor Mortis, the stiffness of death, often occurs earlier in cases involving convulsants such as amphetamines and strychnine.

Mercury poisoning is a serious condition caused by prolonged exposure to mercury. It can affect multiple bodily systems, resulting in a variety of symptoms.

A gray line along the gum line is an early and often visible sign of mercury poisoning. It indicates the buildup of mercury in the body.

Mercurialism is a chronic condition resulting from prolonged exposure to mercury. It encompasses a variety of symptoms affecting the digestive, nervous, and other systems.

Chelation therapy involves using specific medications to bind to heavy metals like mercury and help remove them from the body.

DMSA and DMPS are oral medications used to treat mercury poisoning by binding to mercury and aiding its excretion.

Organophosphates are a type of insecticide that can cause severe poisoning if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin.

Carbamates are another group of insecticides that act similarly to Organophosphates by affecting the nervous system.

Pesticides encompass a broad category of chemicals used to control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, and weeds.

A medical sign characterized by a constricted pupil that dilates upon pinching the skin of the face or neck. Commonly observed in patients suffering from alcohol poisoning.

A condition where breathing is abnormally slow or shallow due to a dysfunction of the respiratory center in the brain. This is a serious complication often seen in alcohol poisoning.

A type of death that occurs due to the failure of the central nervous system to control breathing, resulting in a lack of oxygen in the body. This is a serious consequence associated with alcohol poisoning.

A rapid test, also known as a breathalyzer, that uses a colorimetric reaction to detect the presence and approximate concentration of alcohol in the breath. It provides a quick estimation of blood alcohol levels.

A urine test used to detect the presence of alcohol in the body. This test provides a more accurate analysis of alcohol consumption compared to the breath analyzer.

The process of removing alcohol from the stomach by stomach lavage using sodium bicarbonate solution. Strong coffee is left in the stomach at the end to reduce the risk of reabsorption.

A procedure to remove alcohol from the bloodstream by increasing urine production through the administration of sodium bicarbonate. This method enhances the elimination of alcohol.

A medical procedure used to remove waste products and toxins from the blood, including alcohol, using a dialysis machine. This is an effective treatment for severe alcohol poisoning.