Drug Definitions and Standards Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What determines the compatibility of mixing two drugs in the same syringe?

  • Compatibility of the drugs (correct)
  • Medication adverse effects
  • Drug blood level of each drug
  • Absorption rate of the drugs

What should the nurse instruct a patient who developed hives after the first administration of a drug?

  • That these symptoms indicate a severe anaphylactic reaction
  • To stop the medication and wear a medical alert bracelet (correct)
  • That it is safe to take the drug again due to mild reaction
  • To inform medical personnel a lower dosage is needed next time

Which factor is most critical for determining drug metabolism in a patient?

  • Occupational factors
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • History of liver disease (correct)
  • Dietary habits

What is a common symptom associated with an anaphylactic reaction that the nurse should monitor for?

<p>Respiratory distress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options has NO impact on a nurse's decision to mix medications?

<p>Drug blood level of each drug (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment restricts the sale of certain drugs to prescription by a licensed practitioner?

<p>Durham Humphrey Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a patient to be aware of potential drug allergies?

<p>To prevent a more severe allergic reaction upon re-exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle choice could potentially affect drug absorption more than drug metabolism?

<p>Dietary choices like a vegetarian diet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required by the Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment before marketing a drug?

<p>Proof of effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that a patient is at risk for worsened drug effects due to metabolism issues?

<p>Existing liver disease history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which schedule classification does meperidine (Demerol) belong to?

<p>Schedule II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Schedule III drugs?

<p>Low to moderate physical dependence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would the FDA take to address a smallpox outbreak rapidly?

<p>Fast track the investigational drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Controlled Substances Act primarily address?

<p>The categorization of controlled substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options is not a characteristic of Schedule I drugs?

<p>Low potential for psychological dependence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major requirement before a drug can be marketed under the Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment?

<p>Successful completion of preclinical tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be recognized before initiating a teaching plan?

<p>The individual's health beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the cognitive domain level of learning?

<p>Basic mathematical formulas learned in grade school (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be adapted in a standardized teaching plan?

<p>Individual beliefs and needs of the patient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items represents the psychomotor domain of learning?

<p>Skill demonstration using a step-by-step approach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of learning is vital when instructing a patient on health assessments?

<p>The learning environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does NOT play a role in patient education?

<p>The personal experiences of the instructor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component when developing an individualized teaching plan?

<p>Understanding the patient's needs and opinions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes effective teaching settings?

<p>They can occur during patient care delivery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for a nurse to present information slowly to older adults about newly prescribed medications?

<p>To accommodate the slower processing speed of older adults. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is most effective when using an interpreter for preoperative teaching?

<p>Look directly at the patient while speaking. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be limited when teaching an older adult about medication?

<p>Length of each teaching session. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should a nurse ask brief questions while using an interpreter?

<p>It minimizes the chance of misinterpretation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to acknowledge a patient's health beliefs before initiating a teaching plan for medications?

<p>To build rapport and trust in the educational process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action should be avoided when providing education to a Spanish-speaking patient?

<p>Occasionally looking to the interpreter for cues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key nursing consideration when teaching older adults about medications?

<p>Material should be presented in a manageable pace. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which aspect should the nurse focus less when teaching an older adult about necessary medications?

<p>The historical background of the medication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration ensures the most rapid absorption of a drug due to greater blood flow?

<p>Sublingual (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor primarily contributes to the prolonged effects of digoxin in older adults?

<p>Impaired renal function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about variables influencing drug action is correct?

<p>Chronic smokers may metabolize drugs more rapidly than nonsmokers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes the absorption of intradermally administered drugs?

<p>They are absorbed slowly due to limited blood supply in the dermis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can lead to an increased dosage requirement for drug administration?

<p>Being overweight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does taking digoxin with food have on its absorption?

<p>It decreases absorption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to a drug's absorption rate?

<p>Type of drug toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a patient’s attitude play in drug response?

<p>It can significantly affect the response to medication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse include during discharge along with verbal instructions?

<p>A phone number of the provider or hospital unit for follow-up questions (A), Written instructions for monitoring of parameters used to evaluate therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which documentation should a nurse include in discharge notes to support patient education?

<p>Documentation of nursing and collaborative problems that require continued monitoring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best indicator that a patient has mastered a psychomotor skill?

<p>The patient demonstrates the process to another person while the nurse supervises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is least helpful in assessing a patient's mastery of a skill?

<p>The patient expresses a feeling of mastery over the skill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a crucial part of a nurse's discharge planning documentation?

<p>Documenting patient education regarding continued monitoring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the nurse's discharge planning for a patient?

<p>A summary of potential future complications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of instruction is vital for ensuring patients have a clear understanding after discharge?

<p>Written instructions for patient reference (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can reinforce a patient's learning but may also disguise knowledge gaps?

<p>Asking the patient if they feel they have mastered the skill (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Drug Compatibility

The ability of two drugs to mix without deterioration or adverse effects when in the same syringe.

Adverse Drug Effects

Unintended reactions from medications that can cause harm or discomfort.

Allergic Reaction Signs

Symptoms like hives and itching indicating a possible allergy to a drug.

Medical Alert Bracelet

A bracelet worn to inform medical personnel of a patient's allergies or medical conditions.

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Anaphylactic Reaction

A severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction requiring immediate medical attention.

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Liver Disease and Drug Metabolism

Liver diseases significantly impact the body's ability to metabolize drugs effectively.

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Drug Absorption

The process by which a drug enters the blood circulation after administration.

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Patient Education on Allergies

Providing information to patients about recognizing and responding to allergic reactions.

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Durham Humphrey Amendment

Defines drugs that require medical supervision before use.

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Controlled Substances Act

Addresses the categorization of controlled substances.

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Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment

Requires drug manufacturers to prove effectiveness to the FDA.

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Meperidine (Demerol)

A Schedule II drug with high potential for abuse.

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Schedule I drugs

Drugs with high potential for abuse and no medical use.

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Schedule III drugs

Drugs with moderate abuse potential and dependence risk.

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FDA Fast Track

Expedited process for drug development in emergencies.

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Orphan diseases

Diseases that are not prioritized for research funding.

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Learning readiness

The willingness and ability of a patient to learn new information, often indicated by asking questions.

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Teaching an older adult

When teaching older adults, it is crucial to present information slowly to accommodate their processing abilities.

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Limit teaching time

Short, concise teaching sessions are preferable for older adults to prevent overwhelming them.

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Utilizing an interpreter

When using an interpreter, always look at the patient, not the interpreter, to maintain engagement.

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Communication clarity

Keep questions brief and one at a time to ensure clarity and accuracy when using an interpreter.

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Health beliefs acknowledgment

Recognizing and respecting a patient’s individual health beliefs before teaching is essential for effective communication.

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Use of gestures

While using an interpreter, gestures can help with comprehension, but should not replace clear communication.

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Patient education importance

Understanding the necessity of learning is critical for patients to engage in their care and medication adherence.

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IM Route

Intramuscular route enables rapid drug absorption due to high blood flow.

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Inhalation/Sublingual Absorption

Inhalation and sublingual routes allow faster drug absorption than subcutaneous.

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Intradermal Administration

Intradermal drugs absorb slowly due to limited blood supply in the dermis.

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Enteral Drug Absorption

Enterally administered drugs have slower absorption due to biotransformation.

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Digoxin Toxicity Age Factor

Older adults face digoxin toxicity due to prolonged drug half-life and renal impairment.

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Body Weight Influence

Body weight affects medication response; obese need more, underweight need less.

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Chronic Smoking Effect

Chronic smokers may metabolize drugs faster than nonsmokers.

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Patient Attitude Impact

A patient’s attitude and expectations can influence medication response.

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Formal Learning Setting

A structured environment for educational activities, often involving instruction.

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Individualized Teaching Plan

A customized educational approach that aligns with a patient's beliefs and needs.

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Cognitive Domain of Learning

Involves mental skills and knowledge acquisition, such as reasoning and understanding.

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Affective Domain of Learning

Involves emotions, attitudes, and values towards learning.

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Psychomotor Domain of Learning

Involves physical skills and the ability to perform tasks through practice.

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Health Beliefs

Individual perceptions about health that influence health behaviors and learning.

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Patient Learning Styles

Individual preferences in how a person learns, such as visual or auditory.

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Relationship of Prior Experiences

Connecting new information to what one already knows and has experienced.

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Discharge Instructions

Written and verbal guidance provided to patients upon discharge.

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Follow-up Contact

A phone number provided for patients to ask questions post-discharge.

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Monitoring Parameters

Written guidelines for patients to track their therapy effectiveness.

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Documentation in Discharge Notes

Records of problems needing follow-up care after discharge.

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Mastering Psychomotor Skills

The ability to perform a skill correctly as demonstrated.

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Reciprocal Demonstration

Having a patient demonstrate a skill to another person.

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Patient's Self-Assessment

Asking the patient if they feel they’ve mastered a skill.

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Behavior Reinforcement

Asking questions to strengthen understanding of a skill.

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Study Notes

Drug Definitions, Standards, and Information Sources

  • The official name of a drug is listed by the FDA
  • The brand name is given by the manufacturer
  • The generic name is provided by the United States Adopted Names Council
  • The USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names compiles drug names
  • The United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary (USP NF) contains nutritional supplement information
  • The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database has evidence-based information on herbal medicines
  • The Drug Interaction Facts reference contains drug interaction information

Nutritional Supplements

  • The USP NF provides specific information about nutritional supplements.

Drug Monographs

  • The Drug Facts and Comparisons reference, containing monographs, describes drugs within a specific therapeutic class.
  • The AHFS Drug Information reference has monographs about virtually every single-entity drug in the USA, including uses (approved and unapproved).

Online Drug Resources

  • DailyMed is an online resource providing a standard, comprehensive, and up-to-date look-up and downloadable resource on medicines for healthcare providers and the public.

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