Drug Classification in Schedules 1, 2, and 3
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of Schedule 3 drugs?

  • They can be verbally ordered and refilled up to five times within 6 months (correct)
  • They require a written prescription within 72 hours
  • They are not available for regular use except for investigational purposes
  • They have a high potential for abuse

Which category for pregnancy indicates that controlled studies fail to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester?

  • Category D
  • Category B
  • Category A (correct)
  • Category C

What is a defining attribute of Schedule 1 drugs?

  • They have a valid medical use but high potential for abuse
  • They can be refilled up to five times within 6 months
  • They include nonnarcotic analgesics and antianxiety agents
  • Not available for regular use except for investigational purposes (correct)

Which drugs have a low potential for abuse and limited physical dependence?

<p>Lorazepam (Ativan) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates Schedule 2 drugs from Schedule 3 drugs?

<p>They require a written prescription within 72 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of Schedule 5 drugs?

<p>Antitussives and antidiarrheals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which category for pregnancy does the possibility of fetal harm appear remote?

<p>Category B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of Schedule 2 drugs?

<p>Valid medical use but high potential for abuse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are included in Schedule 4?

<p>Lorazepam (Ativan) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sets Schedule 3 drugs apart from Schedule 4 drugs?

<p>Low potential for abuse and limited physical dependence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of individuals is mentioned to have a decreased risk of suicide when taking SSRIs?

<p>Adults aged 25-64 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What somatic symptom is most commonly seen in children and teenagers with no identifiable physical cause?

<p>Abdominal pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boxed warning associated with the use of antidepressants in children, adolescents, and young adults?

<p>Increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication can cause QT interval prolongation and neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

<p>Antipsychotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line therapy recommended by the APA for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

<p>Fluoxetine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is mentioned to have an increased risk of suicidal ideation with the use of antidepressants?

<p>Teenagers aged 19-25 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is considered 1st line for treating elderly depression?

<p>Citalopram (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse event associated with Benzodiazepines (BZDs)?

<p>Ataxia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from abdominal pain, what is another common somatic symptom seen in children and teenagers with no physiological cause?

<p>Headaches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can be an option for individuals with a history of substance abuse when treating anxiety?

<p>Buspirone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when prescribing drugs in pregnancy?

<p>Minimizing the risk of fetal harm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Phase III Clinical Trials?

<p>To compare the new drug with existing treatments in a large-scale trial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contributor to morbidity and mortality in elderly individuals?

<p>Polypharmacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of preventable medication problems in elderly individuals?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of polypharmacy in elderly individuals?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of polypharmacy in elderly individuals?

<p>Increased risk of hospital admissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Phase IV Clinical Trials?

<p>To monitor the long-term safety and efficacy of the drug (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when evaluating the safety of a drug during pregnancy?

<p>The drug's potential risk to the fetus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Preclinical Trials?

<p>To evaluate the efficacy and toxic effects of the drug in animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern with NSAIDs in elderly individuals?

<p>Gastrointestinal complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressant is known to be metabolized by the liver and requires titration before discontinuation?

<p>SNRIs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants is associated with adverse effects such as nausea, insomnia, and decreased libido, especially in serotonin storm and bipolar patients?

<p>SNRIs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant class is known to increase the relative concentrations of both serotonin and norepinephrine, with a varying degree of serotonergic or noradrenergic activity depending on the dose?

<p>SNRIs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants is considered 3rd line and is primarily used as potent inhibitors of norepinephrine reuptake with fewer effects on serotonin?

<p>TCAs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant category is known for causing cholinergic side effects and being useful for pain control?

<p>TCAs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressants is similar to TCAs in its effects but causes sedation, increased appetite, and reduced insomnia?

<p>α2-Noradrenergic antagonists/mixed serotonin blockers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant acts as a weak serotonin receptor antagonist and is highly sedating at therapeutic doses, commonly used to treat insomnia?

<p>Serotonin 2A antagonists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant class leads to decreased degradation of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in the synaptic cleft, but is associated with severe hypertensive crisis?

<p>MAOIs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants is known for being broad-spectrum but requires the strict avoidance of tyramine-containing foods due to the risk of hypertensive crisis?

<p>MAOIs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant category is highly sedating at therapeutic doses and often used to treat insomnia?

<p>Serotonin 2A antagonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can be considered first-line for preventively treating migraines?

<p>Metoprolol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse reaction to triptans indicated in the text?

<p>Chest pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient experiences heartburn as a side effect, which medication could they potentially be using?

<p>Propranolol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom should raise concern about a possible severe headache based on the text?

<p>Stiff neck (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications is recommended as a second-line abortive treatment for migraines in the text?

<p>Ubrogepant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse reaction might justify the avoidance of triptans in a patient with coronary artery disease?

<p>Increased blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a drug of choice in status migrainosus and for triptan resistance or failure?

<p>Dihydroergotamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient reports weakness and numbness, which red flag headache symptom should be considered based on the text?

<p>Headache associated with neurological symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which non-pharmacological intervention is recommended as a first-line preventive treatment in the text?

<p>CBT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient experiences insomnia following medication use, which drug may be the culprit according to the text?

<p>Venlafaxine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for closely monitoring serum lithium levels?

<p>To prevent lithium toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended range for serum lithium concentrations in most patients for a therapeutic response?

<p>0.8-1.2 mEq/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition contraindicates the use of lithium?

<p>Renal disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group needs dose adjustments when prescribing lithium?

<p>Pediatric and older adult patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of acute severe mania, lithium is typically administered in combination with which type of drug?

<p>Antipsychotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant interaction to be mindful of when prescribing lithium?

<p>Interactions with calcium channel blockers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of lithium therapy related to its serum levels?

<p>Lithium toxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to adjust doses of drugs interacting with lithium?

<p>To prevent drug interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which purpose is lithium primarily used in treating bipolar disorder?

<p>Managing manic episodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which patients might a therapeutic response be observed at lower serum lithium levels like 0.6 mEq/L?

<p>Elderly individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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