Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT considered a primary source from which drugs are typically derived?
Which of the following is NOT considered a primary source from which drugs are typically derived?
- Synthetic
- Mineral
- Botanical
- Gaseous (correct)
A patient is prescribed a medication that alters body functions after being consumed. What is the best descriptor for this?
A patient is prescribed a medication that alters body functions after being consumed. What is the best descriptor for this?
- Drug (correct)
- Supplement
- Vaccine
- Probiotic
Which of the following best describes why drug administration is a core function that requires technical skills?
Which of the following best describes why drug administration is a core function that requires technical skills?
- It only involves dispensing medication and does not require understanding of drug actions.
- Drug administration is simple function that does not require a lot of skill or prior knowledge
- It solely relies on following physician orders without the need for critical thinking or adaptation.
- It demands adequate knowledge of medications and the skills to administer them safely and effectively. (correct)
A liquid drug that contains undissolved particles suspended in a liquid vehicle is best described as:
A liquid drug that contains undissolved particles suspended in a liquid vehicle is best described as:
Which factor necessitates tailored drug dosages, differing notably from those administered to adults?
Which factor necessitates tailored drug dosages, differing notably from those administered to adults?
A patient is prescribed two drugs that, when used together, shows increased efficacy in treating tuberculosis. What type of drug interaction is this?
A patient is prescribed two drugs that, when used together, shows increased efficacy in treating tuberculosis. What type of drug interaction is this?
Naloxone reduces the effects of narcotics, what kind of drug interaction is this?
Naloxone reduces the effects of narcotics, what kind of drug interaction is this?
The proper order of drug metabolism stages in the human body follow which sequence?
The proper order of drug metabolism stages in the human body follow which sequence?
Which of the following guidelines is critical when storing drugs to maintain their efficacy and safety?
Which of the following guidelines is critical when storing drugs to maintain their efficacy and safety?
What is the rationale for replacing a medicine if its label is dirty or illegible?
What is the rationale for replacing a medicine if its label is dirty or illegible?
What labeling practice should be adopted for poisonous drugs to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse?
What labeling practice should be adopted for poisonous drugs to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse?
In which situation can drug administration proceed without a written physician medication order?
In which situation can drug administration proceed without a written physician medication order?
Which of the following is NOT a required element on a physician medication order to ensure accuracy?
Which of the following is NOT a required element on a physician medication order to ensure accuracy?
When verifying doctor's orders, what action should be taken if there is ambiguity or doubt regarding a medication request?
When verifying doctor's orders, what action should be taken if there is ambiguity or doubt regarding a medication request?
What is the rationale behind checking medication orders every morning and transferring them to a recording system?
What is the rationale behind checking medication orders every morning and transferring them to a recording system?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication. What step should be taken to ensure the 'right patient'?
A nurse is preparing to administer medication. What step should be taken to ensure the 'right patient'?
Before administering medication, what should a healthcare provider do to ensure they have the 'right medication'?
Before administering medication, what should a healthcare provider do to ensure they have the 'right medication'?
What is the purpose of comparing the prepared dose with the medication order before administering medication?
What is the purpose of comparing the prepared dose with the medication order before administering medication?
A patient is scheduled to receive a medication at 09:00. Within what time frame is it acceptable to administer the medication to still meet the 'right time' principle?
A patient is scheduled to receive a medication at 09:00. Within what time frame is it acceptable to administer the medication to still meet the 'right time' principle?
The 'right route' of medication administration ensures what key aspect of drug delivery?
The 'right route' of medication administration ensures what key aspect of drug delivery?
A medication was given at 10:00. When should this be documented to follow the guideline of 'right documentation'?
A medication was given at 10:00. When should this be documented to follow the guideline of 'right documentation'?
What critical information should a healthcare provider communicate to a patient as part of 'right client education'?
What critical information should a healthcare provider communicate to a patient as part of 'right client education'?
Which step is essential when a patient exercises their 'right to refuse' a medication?
Which step is essential when a patient exercises their 'right to refuse' a medication?
Prior to administering any medication, what should the healthcare provider assess regarding 'right assessment'?
Prior to administering any medication, what should the healthcare provider assess regarding 'right assessment'?
Following medication administration, which action exemplifies the 'right evaluation'?
Following medication administration, which action exemplifies the 'right evaluation'?
When should you wash your hands?
When should you wash your hands?
If a medication order given by a doctor is unreadable, what step is the most appropriate to take?
If a medication order given by a doctor is unreadable, what step is the most appropriate to take?
Where should the drug preparation environment be?
Where should the drug preparation environment be?
To ensure the proper drug administration, what is indicated by the triple medication check accuracy?
To ensure the proper drug administration, what is indicated by the triple medication check accuracy?
If a patient cannot take the medication at its appropriate time, what step should be taken?
If a patient cannot take the medication at its appropriate time, what step should be taken?
If some of the ampoule is not used for narcotics, what must be done?
If some of the ampoule is not used for narcotics, what must be done?
What is the time for medicine absorption fastest rate?
What is the time for medicine absorption fastest rate?
Ointment, cream, oil, solutions and powders are used to apply epidermally. What step is MOST important to take?
Ointment, cream, oil, solutions and powders are used to apply epidermally. What step is MOST important to take?
In applying drugs with ophthalmic drugs, which is of the MOST importance?
In applying drugs with ophthalmic drugs, which is of the MOST importance?
Where would you apply the patient's head to hyperextension?
Where would you apply the patient's head to hyperextension?
With systemic administration, what is tablet under?
With systemic administration, what is tablet under?
While preparing medication to take orally, what step MUST be taken?
While preparing medication to take orally, what step MUST be taken?
What should you note as a nurse in giving medications sublingually and buccally?
What should you note as a nurse in giving medications sublingually and buccally?
Before you insert the tip you what must you do?
Before you insert the tip you what must you do?
What happens within inhalation?
What happens within inhalation?
What is parenteral treatment?
What is parenteral treatment?
Where is the Deltoid most commonly used?
Where is the Deltoid most commonly used?
What does this mean?
What does this mean?
A patient requires a medication to manage a localized skin infection. Which drug form is MOST suitable for local application on the epidermis?
A patient requires a medication to manage a localized skin infection. Which drug form is MOST suitable for local application on the epidermis?
A medication order specifies administering a drug 'sublingually.' Which of the following instructions should be given to the patient?
A medication order specifies administering a drug 'sublingually.' Which of the following instructions should be given to the patient?
A patient is prescribed an inhaled medication to manage asthma symptoms. What physiological characteristic of the lungs makes this route effective?
A patient is prescribed an inhaled medication to manage asthma symptoms. What physiological characteristic of the lungs makes this route effective?
A patient is to receive an intramuscular injection. Which factor is MOST critical in determining the appropriate needle size?
A patient is to receive an intramuscular injection. Which factor is MOST critical in determining the appropriate needle size?
After administering an intramuscular injection, what immediate action should be taken?
After administering an intramuscular injection, what immediate action should be taken?
A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of insulin. What volume of medication is MOST appropriate for this route?
A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of insulin. What volume of medication is MOST appropriate for this route?
For subcutaneous injections, what is the rationale for rotating injection sites?
For subcutaneous injections, what is the rationale for rotating injection sites?
What step should be taken before administering medication via the intravenous route?
What step should be taken before administering medication via the intravenous route?
What angle of insertion is MOST appropriate when initiating an intravenous catheter?
What angle of insertion is MOST appropriate when initiating an intravenous catheter?
After inserting an intravenous catheter, what indicates successful vein entry?
After inserting an intravenous catheter, what indicates successful vein entry?
What is the PRIMARY nursing intervention if a patient exhibits signs of infiltration during an IV infusion?
What is the PRIMARY nursing intervention if a patient exhibits signs of infiltration during an IV infusion?
When preparing to administer an intravenous bolus medication, it is essential to confirm that the IV site:
When preparing to administer an intravenous bolus medication, it is essential to confirm that the IV site:
What action is MOST important when administering a blood transfusion and a reaction is suspected?
What action is MOST important when administering a blood transfusion and a reaction is suspected?
To ensure patient safety during a blood transfusion, which solutions are appropriate to administer alongside blood products?
To ensure patient safety during a blood transfusion, which solutions are appropriate to administer alongside blood products?
What action should the nurse take immediately after discontinuing a blood transfusion due to a suspected hemolytic reaction?
What action should the nurse take immediately after discontinuing a blood transfusion due to a suspected hemolytic reaction?
Before initiating a blood transfusion, what is the MOST critical verification step?
Before initiating a blood transfusion, what is the MOST critical verification step?
When performing venipuncture for blood collection, what angle is MOST appropriate for inserting the needle?
When performing venipuncture for blood collection, what angle is MOST appropriate for inserting the needle?
Which action is essential to minimize patient discomfort during intradermal administration?
Which action is essential to minimize patient discomfort during intradermal administration?
What is the KEY parameter that should be checked after administering medication to ascertain desired therapeutic effect?
What is the KEY parameter that should be checked after administering medication to ascertain desired therapeutic effect?
Which step is MOST important when using a multi-dose vial to maintain sterility of its contents?
Which step is MOST important when using a multi-dose vial to maintain sterility of its contents?
Select the PRIMARY reason behind cleaning skin with antiseptic before administering drug by injection.
Select the PRIMARY reason behind cleaning skin with antiseptic before administering drug by injection.
Which action is essential for guaranteeing that drug is given in the right dose?
Which action is essential for guaranteeing that drug is given in the right dose?
A patient refuses to take an ordered oral medication. What should the next intervention be?
A patient refuses to take an ordered oral medication. What should the next intervention be?
Which measure is suitable in ensuring patients privacy and comfort during rectal administrations?
Which measure is suitable in ensuring patients privacy and comfort during rectal administrations?
Why is it essential to know details of drug action on body?
Why is it essential to know details of drug action on body?
Following physician instruction, what step should be taken after checking doctor’s prescription?
Following physician instruction, what step should be taken after checking doctor’s prescription?
Which is one of important principle concerning patient’s rights to refuse or reject med?
Which is one of important principle concerning patient’s rights to refuse or reject med?
Medications have been known to cause allergic responses, it is important to do what?
Medications have been known to cause allergic responses, it is important to do what?
A medication was drawn into a syringe, and a small air bubble was drawn in after the medication. What is the primary reason for this technique?
A medication was drawn into a syringe, and a small air bubble was drawn in after the medication. What is the primary reason for this technique?
For a patient receiving frequent subcutaneous injections, which action is essential to minimize tissue damage and enhance medication absorption?
For a patient receiving frequent subcutaneous injections, which action is essential to minimize tissue damage and enhance medication absorption?
To prevent potential complications and confirm correct needle placement during an intramuscular injection, what is the BEST course of action?
To prevent potential complications and confirm correct needle placement during an intramuscular injection, what is the BEST course of action?
Following an intramuscular injection, what should the nurse emphasize refraining from to prevent skin irritation?
Following an intramuscular injection, what should the nurse emphasize refraining from to prevent skin irritation?
When administering drugs through the intramuscular route, which action should be avoided?
When administering drugs through the intramuscular route, which action should be avoided?
Which factor is the MOST critical in determining the gauge and length of the needle selection for intramuscular treatment?
Which factor is the MOST critical in determining the gauge and length of the needle selection for intramuscular treatment?
Which of the following is the rationale for selecting ventrogluteal site over dorsogluteal site?
Which of the following is the rationale for selecting ventrogluteal site over dorsogluteal site?
What is required for blood administration
What is required for blood administration
During IV therapy, which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention due to potential circulatory overload?
During IV therapy, which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention due to potential circulatory overload?
What signifies the end of an intravenous administration?
What signifies the end of an intravenous administration?
A patient is prescribed a topical ointment. If, after application, they start experiencing skin irritation, what step should be taken FIRST?
A patient is prescribed a topical ointment. If, after application, they start experiencing skin irritation, what step should be taken FIRST?
What step should be taken when the patient questions the drug that will be given?
What step should be taken when the patient questions the drug that will be given?
After confirming that a patient is having an allergic reaction to blood component, what steps should be taken:
After confirming that a patient is having an allergic reaction to blood component, what steps should be taken:
Which of the following is the recommended method for administering paracetamol to babies?
Which of the following is the recommended method for administering paracetamol to babies?
Prior to inserting the tip of a rectal suppository, what action is of utmost importance?
Prior to inserting the tip of a rectal suppository, what action is of utmost importance?
For a patient that is receiving two types of eye administrations, which should be administered first?
For a patient that is receiving two types of eye administrations, which should be administered first?
After the insertion of an eye drop on the eyes, what step should be taken to prevent contamination?
After the insertion of an eye drop on the eyes, what step should be taken to prevent contamination?
After completing the administration of the medication and eye ointment, what should the patient do in order to ensure distribution?
After completing the administration of the medication and eye ointment, what should the patient do in order to ensure distribution?
With an intranasal drug, what steps should be taken?
With an intranasal drug, what steps should be taken?
When administering a drug epidermally, what should be done first?
When administering a drug epidermally, what should be done first?
If a patient is going to self-administer intravaginal drugs, what is a step that should be taken for treatment?
If a patient is going to self-administer intravaginal drugs, what is a step that should be taken for treatment?
A patient is going to use ear drops; what should you instruct?
A patient is going to use ear drops; what should you instruct?
A patient is going to take a sublingual drug administration. What should be taken to note for?
A patient is going to take a sublingual drug administration. What should be taken to note for?
Why is the medicine tray expected to be tidy?
Why is the medicine tray expected to be tidy?
For green and red prescription drugs, what category to they fall into?
For green and red prescription drugs, what category to they fall into?
A physician is writing an order for Dr. Order Formu. What is the first consideration that should be made?
A physician is writing an order for Dr. Order Formu. What is the first consideration that should be made?
If medication is to be disposed of, how does that process work?
If medication is to be disposed of, how does that process work?
What action should a health professional take if the physician's request has any doubt?
What action should a health professional take if the physician's request has any doubt?
When should the medication preparation environment be?
When should the medication preparation environment be?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of how drugs exert their effects?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of how drugs exert their effects?
When prioritizing drug classification, which consideration is MOST important for a healthcare provider?
When prioritizing drug classification, which consideration is MOST important for a healthcare provider?
A patient is prescribed two drugs. Drug A enhances the effects of Drug B, improving overall therapeutic outcome. What is this effect?
A patient is prescribed two drugs. Drug A enhances the effects of Drug B, improving overall therapeutic outcome. What is this effect?
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of stages in drug metabolism within the body?
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of stages in drug metabolism within the body?
In a healthcare setting, why should emergency medications be stored in a separate, clearly marked compartment?
In a healthcare setting, why should emergency medications be stored in a separate, clearly marked compartment?
What is the primary reason for keeping narcotics in a double-locked cabinet?
What is the primary reason for keeping narcotics in a double-locked cabinet?
A patient requires an emergency medication, and a written order is not immediately available. Under what condition may the medication be administered?
A patient requires an emergency medication, and a written order is not immediately available. Under what condition may the medication be administered?
When receiving a verbal order from a physician during an emergency, what immediate action should the nurse take to ensure accuracy?
When receiving a verbal order from a physician during an emergency, what immediate action should the nurse take to ensure accuracy?
A nurse is preparing medications in a designated area. Which characteristic is MOST important for this space?
A nurse is preparing medications in a designated area. Which characteristic is MOST important for this space?
A nurse retrieves a medication vial and checks the label against the medication order. At what additional times should this check be performed to ensure the 'right medication'?
A nurse retrieves a medication vial and checks the label against the medication order. At what additional times should this check be performed to ensure the 'right medication'?
A patient is scheduled to receive medication at 08:00. To adhere to the 'right time' principle, within what timeframe should the medication be administered?
A patient is scheduled to receive medication at 08:00. To adhere to the 'right time' principle, within what timeframe should the medication be administered?
How does understanding the intended effects of a medication relate to the 'right client education'?
How does understanding the intended effects of a medication relate to the 'right client education'?
Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when administering topical medications?
Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when administering topical medications?
When administering ophthalmic drops, what is the MOST important preventative measure to avoid contamination?
When administering ophthalmic drops, what is the MOST important preventative measure to avoid contamination?
When preparing to administer medication via the intranasal route, why is it important to have the patient in a supine or semi-Fowler position?
When preparing to administer medication via the intranasal route, why is it important to have the patient in a supine or semi-Fowler position?
What instructions are MOST important to provide a patient who is about to self-administer intravaginal medication?
What instructions are MOST important to provide a patient who is about to self-administer intravaginal medication?
What is the primary reason for using the Z-track method when administering intramuscular injections?
What is the primary reason for using the Z-track method when administering intramuscular injections?
When administering an intravenous bolus medication, the nurse assesses the IV site and notices redness, swelling, and pain. What is the MOST appropriate action?
When administering an intravenous bolus medication, the nurse assesses the IV site and notices redness, swelling, and pain. What is the MOST appropriate action?
In the steps of the intravenous administration process, what is the immediate next step after the syringe has been inserted into the vein?
In the steps of the intravenous administration process, what is the immediate next step after the syringe has been inserted into the vein?
What is the MAXIMUM rate of intravenous administration, with observation, that blood can be given in?
What is the MAXIMUM rate of intravenous administration, with observation, that blood can be given in?
Flashcards
Drugs
Drugs
Substances that change the functions of the body when taken by a living organism.
Dosage forms of drugs
Dosage forms of drugs
Solid, liquid, semi-solid, and gaseous.
Drug administration
Drug administration
A core function that involves technical skills and requires knowledge of medications and administration.
Synergism
Synergism
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Additional drug effect
Additional drug effect
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Potentialization
Potentialization
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Antagonism of a drug
Antagonism of a drug
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Basic stages of drug metabolism
Basic stages of drug metabolism
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Supply and storage of drugs
Supply and storage of drugs
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Physician Medication Order
Physician Medication Order
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Types of physician medication orders
Types of physician medication orders
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Rights of medication administration
Rights of medication administration
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Right Patient
Right Patient
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Right Medication
Right Medication
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Right Dosage
Right Dosage
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Right Time
Right Time
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Right Route
Right Route
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Basic principles of drug applications
Basic principles of drug applications
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Accuracy when medicine is being taken
Accuracy when medicine is being taken
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Drug Absorption Rates
Drug Absorption Rates
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Drugs and the human body
Drugs and the human body
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Local Administration Sites
Local Administration Sites
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Systemic application site
Systemic application site
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Enteral application of drugs
Enteral application of drugs
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Preparation of oral drugs
Preparation of oral drugs
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Medication shouldn't be given orally
Medication shouldn't be given orally
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Buccal Drug application
Buccal Drug application
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Transdermal Application
Transdermal Application
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Intradermal Injection
Intradermal Injection
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Intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection
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Intramuscular injection sites
Intramuscular injection sites
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Z- Track Injections
Z- Track Injections
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Intravenous (IV) Injection
Intravenous (IV) Injection
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Used for
Used for
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IV fluids
IV fluids
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During IV Perfusion
During IV Perfusion
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IV Treatment Complications
IV Treatment Complications
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IV Treatment Complications
IV Treatment Complications
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Complications with Infection
Complications with Infection
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In the allergic Reaction
In the allergic Reaction
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In a good treatmen IV
In a good treatmen IV
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After a Blood transferring
After a Blood transferring
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Study Notes
- These study notes are for students to learn about drug applications
Aim
- Develop the ability to perform necessary practices for drug administration.
Objectives
- Understand the definition of a drug
- Classify different drugs
- Understand the effects of drugs on the body
- Explain how to request, supply, and store drugs
- Understand methods of administering drugs
- Know and apply proper drug practices
Contents
- Description of drugs
- Classification of drugs
- Modes of action of drugs
- Factors that affect drugs effects on a patient
- Supply and storage of medicine
- Physician's medication orders
- Ways to administer drugs
- Different drug applications including enteral and parenteral
Drugs
- Drugs derive from four main sources: animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic.
- Drugs are chemical substances used to diagnose, cure, or prevent disease.
- Drugs are substances that alter the body's functions when ingested by a living organism.
- Medicines come in various forms, each with a specific composition.
Drug Administration
- Drug administration require technical skills and is a core function in healthcare.
- Adequate knowledge of medications is essential to administer medication.
- Adequate skills are essential to administer medication.
Classification of Drugs
- Drugs classify by their dosage forms
- Solid dosage forms include unit dosages(tablets,capsules) and bulk dosages(Tooth Powder, Dusting Powder)
- Liquid dosage forms include monophasic(Syrups,Lotions) and biphasic(Suspensions, Emulsions) liquids
- Semi-solid dosage forms include creams, ointments, gels, suppositories and pessaries
- Gaseous dosage forms include aerosols and inhalations
Factors Affecting Drug Activity
- Growth period - Newborn, elderly
- Weight
- Gender
- Genetic and cultural factors
- Psychological factors
- Illnesses
- Environment
- Treatment time
- Adverse effect of drug
- Individual differences
Drug Interactions
- SYNERGISM: Shows greater efficacy when two or more drugs are used together, e.g., tuberculosis treatment.
- ADDITIONAL: Increases the effect of drugs on the body when taking the same effective drug together.
- POTENTIALIZATION: Occurs when the effect of two taken drug is more than the sum of their individual effects.
- ANTAGONISM: The effect of one drug reduces by another drug, e.g., naloxone to reduce the effect of narcotics.
Drug Metabolism
- Drug metabolism occurs in four basic stages
- Absorption
- Transport (distribution)
- Change (disintegration)
- Excretion (elimination)
Supply and Storage
- Drugs should be kept locked in a single secure room.
- Drugs should be stored in a clean, closed, dry, and cool.
- Bottles should be tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and moisture contamination.
- Oily, diluted medicines must be refrigerated within their expiration date.
- Vaccines and serums must be refrigerated.
- A new replacement should be given if the label is dirty of a medicine
- Expired medicines or medicines with changed colors, odors, or appearances should not be used.
- Artificial lighting is needed where the medicine cabinet is located.
- Emergency medications should be stored in a separate compartment.
- Medications with similar effects should be stored together.
- Medicine cabinets should be large enough to hold all medications.
- Addictive drugs (narcotics) needs to be kept in a double-locked cabinet.
- Addictive drugs needs to be taken and given with a signature.
- Poisonous drugs require a red label on their packaging.
Physician Medication Order
- Ensure safe drug administration with a written physician medication order.
- Drug administration is prohibited legally without a written order, except during emergencies.
- Physician medication orders can be regular, necessary, or urgent (single dose request).
Part of Physician Medication Order
- The patient's name
- Date and time
- The name of the drug to give to the patient
- Dosage of the drug.
- Drug administration routes to give the patient
- Drug application
- Doctor's signature on the medication order
Considerations for Doctor's Orders
- Doctor's orders are checked by health care professionals every morning
- Every morning healthcare staff adjust the recording system with the adjusted time
- Observation sheets are used for recording
- Consult a physician. if there is any doubt about the request,
Procedures post-order
- An individual should put the date, time, and signature on the doctor's orders after checking.
Rights of Medication Administration
- Right Patient
- Right Medication
- Right Dosage
- Right Route
- Right Time
- Right Documentation
- Right Client Education
- Right to Refuse
- Right Assessment
- Right Evaluation
Right Patient
- Always check the patient's identification bracelet
- Ask the patient to state their name with their birthday
- Verify the medication order against the identification bracelet, patient's name, and birth date.
- Check the chart for allergies with the patient to find out allergies
Right Medication
- Perform a triple check of the medication's label
- Retrieve medicine from the shelf
- Preparing the dosage
- Before administering medicine
- Always compare medication labels with doctor's orders
- Never give medicine prepped by someone else
- Never use a medication that is not labeled
Right Dosage
- Always first Check medicine label for concentration
- Always Compare prepared dose to medication orders
- Always Tripple check all calculations
- Ensure another nurse checks your work
- Always make sure The dosage is within the appropriate range for the patient and the medicine.
Right time
- Verify the schedule of the order of medicine
- Check the date
- Check the time
- Verify special period of time
- Check when they were administered last
- Administer it within half an hour of the schedule
Right route
- Verify the route for drug that is given
- The medication route must be specified in the order.
Right documentation
- Don't Document before you give medicine
- Check Document on the order
- Medication
- Dosage
- Route
- Time
- Put Credential information and a signature
- Have another nurses do it to verify if necessary
Right client education
- Inform the patient
- What are you giving
- What does this drug will do to you
- Side effects
- Check the allergies for medication
Right to Refuse
- Legally someone who make the health option can refuse any any medication
- Inform someone on why they needed the medication
- Understand if they don't want to take it
- Need to Let physician know and document
Right Assesment
- check if any medical condition or test that determines if they are able to take it
- Determine if its safe or appropriat medication
- Check if it's not appropriate or going to harm their health, notify the physician
- Document if the patient skips the dose in the chart
Right evaluation
- Check if they have any side effects on the patient
- Asses how well is working to treat there conditoin
- Compare there state before and after to determine effectiveness
- Document there response in the chart
Drug Application Principles
- Drug Applications must always be followed using the 10 rights
- Wash your hands every time, plus glove
- Announce who you and whats the medication you are providing to avoid confusion
- Info the Patient so the patient understands what to expect
- Verbal to get consent
- Ask if they Comfortable
- Confidentiality is important
- Do a drug allgergy before administration
- Get supplies always
Other considerations
- Healthcare worker should prepare the medicines by themselves
- If the medication order given is illegible, report to the doctor
- Healthcare worker needs to make sure the medications has been taken
- Allergies for medication is always questioned
Things to consider in Drug Applications
- Drug preperation should be bright
- Have clean tray
- Keep medications in a safe place til administer
- Three meds are:
- Taking from the bottle
- Pouring from bottle
- Replacing bottle
Patient Considerations
- Always ID the patient
- Oral to Administer
- Have patient swollow
- Make sure They take take is as fast as posisble
- Let Them know about everything before treatment
- Inlcude family
Special cases NOT to be using med orally
- Unconscious patients in the state of coma
- Difficulty to swallow in any situation
- Have no reaction for swollowing reflex
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Combusions and active havale
Sublingual drug Admin
- Place the tablet to under the tongue to absorb
- Has all the blood vessels so the drug can absord easily
- Do not chew it
- Dont swallow it
- Used during emergency situaitons
Bucal
- Needs time to absorb
- Do not chew
- Dont swollow
Route for Rectal
- Patient privacy
- Position on the left side
Important tips for rectal
- Sim's position
- tablet, gel foam insert are types
- Suppository in the fridge
Transdermal application
- Put the the thing where is needed
- TTS is a common medication for this
- Can be found on medicine for hormone and for analgesic conditions
- Always Mark the date and time when applying medicine
Inhalation
- Is good to release medicine
- Fast flow rate that helps
- Lung helps it helps absorbs
Advantages with using inhalation
- Directly to the organ
- Better effect
- Less dose
- Less side effects
Type for the system
- Turbuhaler
- Aerolizer
- Handthaler
- Discus
- MDI
- Spacer
- Ambulizer Nebule
What is Nebulizer is used:
- Help with muscalatic lung or broncidial diseases
- For those who have astma or brontis
Precatutions
- Use a mask
- 2 medicine always
- Clean the place after
Drug Application
- Parenteral drug applications deliver therapeutic drugs through all routes other than the digestive system.
Administration Injection
- Subcutaneous (SC): Inject under the skin, at less thanl ml
- Intradermal (ID): inject to dermis
- Intramuscular (IM): Inject to muscle
- Intravenous (IV): Inject directly to the vein
Syringe criteria to consider for what you will be using
- the appication/injection
- solution/densit
- amunt of medicine u gonna inject
- and body of the state
Injection Medication
- Get a cotton or alcohol to wipe
SC Injection site
- After cleaning
- lateral has to be the place.
- front lateral upper leg is where most injections goes
- in the umbilical (right where button is ) only do at lease 5 centimeters from there
Scapula
- SC injection, never use or rarely happen
Factors to consider to SC injection
- Continous rotation is recommended .
- always Draw blood to control blood stream
- Do slow. To aboid tissue damages
IM
- SC is an injection and has some hormones
- Only inject .mmll
- inject into under the skin
- Always use new needle
How to Sub cut administration for safe injection
- always wash with some wate/clean
- Check Patient card
- Always with the tray
- Have the 10 principle for right Injection
IM technique
- In the site or what its is known as the . Always with draw and little bit
- Always have it lock after
- It has some needle before for any accident
- Is where there aren't blood vessels or nerves.
Before SC Technique
- Wipe it alckohol or alwasy with cotton
- Check for any bris or cuts
- Is in a rotated areas
Administer subcutaneously injection
- Always wash your hands before injection skin
- Supplies a needle or syrinde with clean
- Get right Med
- Make sure The patient with the right time , right manner
- Syringe with every injection
- Make or look for an alcohol.
- Check that if has not any cuts , swelling.or har dness
Admin medication SC
-
Pinch patient
-
Inject with that
-
With draw it
-
Apply pressure
-
Should be the injection
-
To the most outer layer
-
Inject it
-
Slowly
-
Put pressure after
An injection can also be used
- TB patients
- Sensitive patients
- BCG
- 15 or 15 is the angle that has to be use
IM Injection
• IM Drugs is usually injected into the muscle of the upper arm, thigh, or buttock. • Hold the syringe like the way you hold three pencils • A vaccine is often gives the most because the Gluteus muscle have the space • Make sure 1 - dorsogluteal must be muscles and 2.- ventrogluteal (hip) are safe. 3. Vastus lateralis must be the injected. The number 4 the rectus to make the muscle and 5.- delthoid to have a safe injecting
Dorsogluteal has
- gluteus maximus because gluteus Maximus is safe.
- use imagination before for safe
Ventrogluteal Injection
- has to The ventrogluteal to move safe and easy from pain and to have less complications • There isnt that much risk
Vashtis (vastus) lateralis muscle the injection
- vastus lateralis should inject inside or outer section
rectus aspect IM injection administration
- has from *age: 0 - 7 has these injected
- most kids
- for any area from this side
to give the patient more info and easy to identify the test
make sure to identify the test
- always the femul - from the knee is not and three things is the correct injection
Deltoid muscles
- Deltoid has two fngers
Sites
- deltoid in 2ml is use it
- 1, if it the years
- ventroguleal has 3 year old, to inject
- to make sure that we inect
Safety
- Always wash the
- and that the patient is not going to feel anything on that location
- the medicine is from
- check for the doctor information for safe code
to do safe
- after do an air lock
- Always remove needles 3- check on what patient before
After injection care
- Air lock help give the meds fast
- Is only for sub
Procedure for Injection
- Get some cotton or alcahole
- The patient will be prepared and informed on the procedure
- Position the areas needed
- Clean the area and make the skin with alcohol
Needle
- Use new
- Syring is a great manner that
- Take alcohol everytimes or some kind wipe
Air lock purpose
- to take from all the top or bottom to the syringe or tube
- Check if has bubbles
Safety measures
- Allergic or allgery reaction is one of the top consideration factors
- Give to to the patient
- It haS be safe to give the injection
- To provide all the need
Other side effects include
- Itchiness
- Trouble to breath
- Always the physician for this .
- It is something to is has be very easy
In case of what to expect has injected
- You need a cotton that absorbs blood
- Is has be Infection
To keep always the procedure safe
- is has to lock the syringe to avoid any accidents
- is has to be the needles it always new
- keep cotton with the syringe for what it needs
Blood Trasfusions
- to ensure It always must be an doctor the to the patient to see what needs this.
This cases aee used for
- If needed blood test analysis
- Transfusion injections
How to use take the blood in a correct way
- Make sure to see the patient s name
- Any allergies reactions are in the chart
- Always in a correct container
- Follow the best procedures
- If they are The the vein then its good
Premededetion
- Is need
- Has to have all the tool needed like
- Gloves
- alcohol
- needles
Blood or vein side it should never to it
- Under a patient
- To do a 30’c angle to all time
Blood
- Use or take always that is coming from a vein
Make sure
- Check Always the position of the blood
Vacutaner
- Make sure the what it is taking for, for a better and safety process
After any procdure
- Pressure on the patient
- Turn the needle to have protection for no accidents
blood Transfusion
- Is for all the treatment for body and needed from a dr side
- Trans fusion Is what is always is needed to check to have in place
- Red red blood and wht color
If any situation happen
- Transfusion are a most To have what you can expect it
to stop
- Transfusion is going wrong make sure you stop the process
It important to know
1:
- Always know the Patients conditions
- Check If there is blood is in process
- Always be on
- Top the list Check for It test sides if test are
- Always there side of blood if has close or no
- Make sure has the. and that is done and
if having side effects the list are
- It is hard to breath and be
The side
to understand well to what are this case
- Then to be a good dr
Blood Clot
- Blood overload is It can happen Heart can be so high
Infections reasons could be
- All time It can get you down if not If side effects starts what is
- Always be ready to help it
During transfusion you may see
- to heart
- the temperature is not it
- then have a look to her or she
during The follow to check has:
- that the person is getting all the help the doctor gives
Drug calculations or
- dosages calculation is and a lot of calculation is need it
is importan to remember
- that Ml and cc mean the same
250 Mlg equation and
- 50 tablet equals has a tablet can
Vl equation
- always with all the distilled equation in mind or with the doctor
It is
500 Ml equals has number for number what ever we did have to to know
Ml
- it is every 15 and . 515 can you be has 4 of what will be 5,
for the injection
- look out what they test and the look back and and the
flow equation
= what amount for the for a patient with what they have to get
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