Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient undergoing cancer treatment develops a persistent cough and shortness of breath. Imaging reveals inflammation in the lungs. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A patient undergoing cancer treatment develops a persistent cough and shortness of breath. Imaging reveals inflammation in the lungs. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- Administering anti-emetics to prevent nausea.
- Monitoring for neutropenia and initiating infection control measures.
- Implementing skin care protocols for radiation burns.
- Managing pulmonary effects such as pneumonitis and fibrosis. (correct)
A patient with advanced cancer is experiencing significant pain despite regular opioid administration. Which approach aligns with the WHO pain ladder for managing breakthrough pain?
A patient with advanced cancer is experiencing significant pain despite regular opioid administration. Which approach aligns with the WHO pain ladder for managing breakthrough pain?
- Providing an extra dose of a short-acting opioid as needed. (correct)
- Discontinuing the opioid and initiating nerve block therapy.
- Adding a non-opioid analgesic to the regimen.
- Administering a scheduled dose of the long-acting opioid.
A patient is diagnosed with a tumor that has spread to regional lymph nodes but not to distant sites. According to the TNM staging system, which stage best describes this patient's cancer?
A patient is diagnosed with a tumor that has spread to regional lymph nodes but not to distant sites. According to the TNM staging system, which stage best describes this patient's cancer?
- Stage IV
- Stage I
- Stage II
- Stage III (correct)
A patient undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia experiences a rapid breakdown of cancer cells. Which metabolic emergency is this patient at risk for?
A patient undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia experiences a rapid breakdown of cancer cells. Which metabolic emergency is this patient at risk for?
Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing Superior Vena Cava Syndrome?
Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing Superior Vena Cava Syndrome?
A 50-year-old female is diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. The tumor is small and localized, and the lymph nodes are negative for cancer. Which treatment approach is most likely to be recommended?
A 50-year-old female is diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. The tumor is small and localized, and the lymph nodes are negative for cancer. Which treatment approach is most likely to be recommended?
Which of the following signs and symptoms is most indicative of spinal cord compression in a patient with metastatic cancer?
Which of the following signs and symptoms is most indicative of spinal cord compression in a patient with metastatic cancer?
What is the primary goal of palliative care in cancer management?
What is the primary goal of palliative care in cancer management?
A patient describes their pain as 'stabbing' and 'burning.' According to the OPQRSTUV pain assessment, which component does this information fall under?
A patient describes their pain as 'stabbing' and 'burning.' According to the OPQRSTUV pain assessment, which component does this information fall under?
A nurse is transferring a patient from the hospital to a rehabilitation center. Which action is most crucial to ensure a smooth transition of care?
A nurse is transferring a patient from the hospital to a rehabilitation center. Which action is most crucial to ensure a smooth transition of care?
A patient is diagnosed with Stage IV cancer. What does this staging indicate?
A patient is diagnosed with Stage IV cancer. What does this staging indicate?
The TNM staging system is used to classify the extent of cancer. What does the 'N' in TNM refer to?
The TNM staging system is used to classify the extent of cancer. What does the 'N' in TNM refer to?
A patient undergoing chemotherapy experiences a significant drop in white blood cell count. Which side effect is the patient most likely experiencing?
A patient undergoing chemotherapy experiences a significant drop in white blood cell count. Which side effect is the patient most likely experiencing?
A patient receiving palliative care expresses a desire to focus on comfort and symptom management rather than aggressive treatment. Which nursing action aligns best with the goals of palliative care?
A patient receiving palliative care expresses a desire to focus on comfort and symptom management rather than aggressive treatment. Which nursing action aligns best with the goals of palliative care?
Following a bone marrow transplant, a patient develops a rash, jaundice, and diarrhea. Which complication is most likely occurring?
Following a bone marrow transplant, a patient develops a rash, jaundice, and diarrhea. Which complication is most likely occurring?
A patient with breast cancer is prescribed hormone therapy. How do estrogen blockers work to treat breast cancer?
A patient with breast cancer is prescribed hormone therapy. How do estrogen blockers work to treat breast cancer?
A patient undergoing cancer treatment develops febrile neutropenia. What is the MOST immediate concern for this patient's well-being?
A patient undergoing cancer treatment develops febrile neutropenia. What is the MOST immediate concern for this patient's well-being?
Which pain management approach is generally considered MOST effective for patients dealing with chronic pain?
Which pain management approach is generally considered MOST effective for patients dealing with chronic pain?
A patient undergoing cancer treatment experiences an adverse skin reaction. Which treatment is MOST likely the cause?
A patient undergoing cancer treatment experiences an adverse skin reaction. Which treatment is MOST likely the cause?
A patient with a history of COPD presents with increased lethargy and confusion after receiving high-flow oxygen therapy. Which complication is most likely occurring?
A patient with a history of COPD presents with increased lethargy and confusion after receiving high-flow oxygen therapy. Which complication is most likely occurring?
A patient presents to the emergency department with sudden onset dyspnea, sharp chest pain, and hemoptysis. Which diagnostic test should be ordered first to evaluate for a pulmonary embolism?
A patient presents to the emergency department with sudden onset dyspnea, sharp chest pain, and hemoptysis. Which diagnostic test should be ordered first to evaluate for a pulmonary embolism?
What is the MOST common primary cause of death among cancer patients?
What is the MOST common primary cause of death among cancer patients?
During transitions in care (e.g., hospital to home), what is a CRITICAL nursing responsibility to ensure patient safety and continuity of care?
During transitions in care (e.g., hospital to home), what is a CRITICAL nursing responsibility to ensure patient safety and continuity of care?
A patient with a long history of smoking is diagnosed with lung cancer. They are scheduled to undergo a surgical resection of the tumor. What additional type of treatment might be recommended post-surgery to target any remaining cancer cells?
A patient with a long history of smoking is diagnosed with lung cancer. They are scheduled to undergo a surgical resection of the tumor. What additional type of treatment might be recommended post-surgery to target any remaining cancer cells?
A patient is admitted with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Which combination of symptoms would be most indicative of the need for immediate antibiotic treatment?
A patient is admitted with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Which combination of symptoms would be most indicative of the need for immediate antibiotic treatment?
In the LEARN model for cultural competence, what does the 'L' stand for, and why is it the initial step?
In the LEARN model for cultural competence, what does the 'L' stand for, and why is it the initial step?
A patient with COPD is being discharged. Which medication primarily aims to reduce inflammation in the airways for long-term management?
A patient with COPD is being discharged. Which medication primarily aims to reduce inflammation in the airways for long-term management?
Which of the following factors is BEST categorized as a social determinant of health that can impact a person's well-being and access to healthcare?
Which of the following factors is BEST categorized as a social determinant of health that can impact a person's well-being and access to healthcare?
A patient with asthma presents with a 'silent chest' during auscultation. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?
A patient with asthma presents with a 'silent chest' during auscultation. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?
A patient presents with a persistent cough. To differentiate between possible diagnoses, which additional symptom would most strongly suggest lung cancer rather than a typical upper respiratory infection?
A patient presents with a persistent cough. To differentiate between possible diagnoses, which additional symptom would most strongly suggest lung cancer rather than a typical upper respiratory infection?
When assessing pain in a cognitively impaired patient who cannot reliably communicate, which assessment parameter is MOST indicative of their pain level?
When assessing pain in a cognitively impaired patient who cannot reliably communicate, which assessment parameter is MOST indicative of their pain level?
During a severe asthma exacerbation, a patient's peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is measured at 30% of their personal best. What does this indicate about the patient's condition?
During a severe asthma exacerbation, a patient's peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is measured at 30% of their personal best. What does this indicate about the patient's condition?
A patient with severe COPD is struggling to breathe. Which position should the nurse recommend to facilitate improved lung expansion and airflow?
A patient with severe COPD is struggling to breathe. Which position should the nurse recommend to facilitate improved lung expansion and airflow?
While assessing a patient, you suspect they have a pleural effusion. Which assessment findings would best corroborate this suspicion?
While assessing a patient, you suspect they have a pleural effusion. Which assessment findings would best corroborate this suspicion?
A patient with chronic COPD is being discharged home on oxygen therapy. What education point is most critical to emphasize to the patient and their family?
A patient with chronic COPD is being discharged home on oxygen therapy. What education point is most critical to emphasize to the patient and their family?
A patient develops pneumonia while on mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Which type of pneumonia is this classified as?
A patient develops pneumonia while on mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Which type of pneumonia is this classified as?
To minimize the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intubated patients, which nursing intervention demonstrates the best evidence-based practice?
To minimize the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intubated patients, which nursing intervention demonstrates the best evidence-based practice?
A patient with pulmonary edema is rapidly deteriorating. What is the most immediate and life-threatening complication that requires prompt intervention.
A patient with pulmonary edema is rapidly deteriorating. What is the most immediate and life-threatening complication that requires prompt intervention.
A sputum sample from a patient with pneumonia is described as purulent. What does this finding most likely suggest about the nature of the infection.
A sputum sample from a patient with pneumonia is described as purulent. What does this finding most likely suggest about the nature of the infection.
What is the most realistic and achievable primary goal for a patient undergoing long-term asthma management?
What is the most realistic and achievable primary goal for a patient undergoing long-term asthma management?
Which compensatory mechanism in heart failure leads to increased cardiac output by stretching myocardial fibers?
Which compensatory mechanism in heart failure leads to increased cardiac output by stretching myocardial fibers?
Why are ACE inhibitors prescribed for patients with heart failure?
Why are ACE inhibitors prescribed for patients with heart failure?
A patient with heart failure is prescribed a beta-blocker. What is the primary goal of this medication in this context?
A patient with heart failure is prescribed a beta-blocker. What is the primary goal of this medication in this context?
A patient with heart failure is advised to restrict sodium and fluid intake. What is the primary rationale for this recommendation?
A patient with heart failure is advised to restrict sodium and fluid intake. What is the primary rationale for this recommendation?
A patient with hypertension is prescribed diuretics. What is the most important electrolyte to monitor regularly?
A patient with hypertension is prescribed diuretics. What is the most important electrolyte to monitor regularly?
A patient diagnosed with stable angina reports predictable chest pain with exertion. Which medication would be most appropriate for the immediate relief of this chest pain?
A patient diagnosed with stable angina reports predictable chest pain with exertion. Which medication would be most appropriate for the immediate relief of this chest pain?
A patient is admitted with a suspected myocardial infarction (MI). Which diagnostic test result is MOST specific in confirming myocardial damage?
A patient is admitted with a suspected myocardial infarction (MI). Which diagnostic test result is MOST specific in confirming myocardial damage?
What is the primary mechanism by which statins help prevent coronary artery disease (CAD)?
What is the primary mechanism by which statins help prevent coronary artery disease (CAD)?
A patient with a history of heart failure presents to the clinic. The patient's weight has increased by 5 pounds in the last 24 hours, and they report increased shortness of breath. Which of the following sets of vital sign changes would MOST strongly suggest worsening heart failure?
A patient with a history of heart failure presents to the clinic. The patient's weight has increased by 5 pounds in the last 24 hours, and they report increased shortness of breath. Which of the following sets of vital sign changes would MOST strongly suggest worsening heart failure?
A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with acute pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided heart failure. The patient is anxious, struggling to breathe, and has copious frothy sputum. Which intervention is the MOST appropriate initial nursing action?
A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with acute pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided heart failure. The patient is anxious, struggling to breathe, and has copious frothy sputum. Which intervention is the MOST appropriate initial nursing action?
A patient with heart failure is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. Which statement BEST explains the primary mechanism by which ACE inhibitors improve cardiac function in heart failure?
A patient with heart failure is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. Which statement BEST explains the primary mechanism by which ACE inhibitors improve cardiac function in heart failure?
A patient with chronic heart failure is being discharged home. Which of the following dietary instructions is MOST important for the nurse to emphasize to manage fluid balance and prevent exacerbations?
A patient with chronic heart failure is being discharged home. Which of the following dietary instructions is MOST important for the nurse to emphasize to manage fluid balance and prevent exacerbations?
During a routine assessment, the nurse notes that a patient with heart failure has developed new-onset atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Which potential consequence of atrial fibrillation is of GREATEST concern in this patient?
During a routine assessment, the nurse notes that a patient with heart failure has developed new-onset atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Which potential consequence of atrial fibrillation is of GREATEST concern in this patient?
A patient with a history of hypertension is prescribed a diuretic. What is the most important electrolyte imbalance the nurse should monitor for?
A patient with a history of hypertension is prescribed a diuretic. What is the most important electrolyte imbalance the nurse should monitor for?
A patient is diagnosed with Stage 2 hypertension and is otherwise healthy. Which of the following initial interventions should the nurse prioritize when educating the patient?
A patient is diagnosed with Stage 2 hypertension and is otherwise healthy. Which of the following initial interventions should the nurse prioritize when educating the patient?
A patient with chronic stable angina reports experiencing chest pain more frequently and with less exertion than usual. How should the nurse interpret this change in their condition?
A patient with chronic stable angina reports experiencing chest pain more frequently and with less exertion than usual. How should the nurse interpret this change in their condition?
During an assessment, a patient with heart failure exhibits jugular venous distention (JVD) and peripheral edema. Which type of heart failure is most likely associated with these findings?
During an assessment, a patient with heart failure exhibits jugular venous distention (JVD) and peripheral edema. Which type of heart failure is most likely associated with these findings?
A patient is being discharged after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI). Which medication is most important for the nurse to emphasize for long-term secondary prevention?
A patient is being discharged after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI). Which medication is most important for the nurse to emphasize for long-term secondary prevention?
What is the rationale for administering morphine to a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?
What is the rationale for administering morphine to a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A patient with known CAD reports taking sustained-release nitroglycerin. What statement indicates understanding of this medication?
A patient with known CAD reports taking sustained-release nitroglycerin. What statement indicates understanding of this medication?
A patient with left-sided heart failure is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What is the primary mechanism by which this medication improves the patient's condition?
A patient with left-sided heart failure is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What is the primary mechanism by which this medication improves the patient's condition?
A patient presents with new-onset right-sided weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech. What is the MOST critical initial nursing intervention based on these symptoms?
A patient presents with new-onset right-sided weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech. What is the MOST critical initial nursing intervention based on these symptoms?
A patient who suffered a head trauma begins to show signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following assessment findings would indicate late stage increased ICP?
A patient who suffered a head trauma begins to show signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following assessment findings would indicate late stage increased ICP?
A patient is actively seizing. What action should the nurse take first?
A patient is actively seizing. What action should the nurse take first?
The nurse is caring for a patient with a known brain tumor. What intervention should the nurse prioritize to prevent increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
The nurse is caring for a patient with a known brain tumor. What intervention should the nurse prioritize to prevent increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A patient is admitted with a suspected stroke. Prior to administering tPA, which information is most critical for the nurse to gather?
A patient is admitted with a suspected stroke. Prior to administering tPA, which information is most critical for the nurse to gather?
A patient with a left hemisphere stroke is likely to exhibit which of the following?
A patient with a left hemisphere stroke is likely to exhibit which of the following?
Following a seizure, a patient is drowsy, confused, and reports a headache. Which phase of the seizure is the patient experiencing?
Following a seizure, a patient is drowsy, confused, and reports a headache. Which phase of the seizure is the patient experiencing?
A patient is receiving mannitol for increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following indicates the medication is having the desired effect?
A patient is receiving mannitol for increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following indicates the medication is having the desired effect?
A patient with diabetes is found unresponsive. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?
A patient with diabetes is found unresponsive. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?
A patient taking metformin is scheduled for a CT scan with contrast. Which instruction is MOST important for the nurse to provide to the patient?
A patient taking metformin is scheduled for a CT scan with contrast. Which instruction is MOST important for the nurse to provide to the patient?
A patient with Type 1 diabetes reports exercising regularly. Which adjustment should the nurse advise before exercise?
A patient with Type 1 diabetes reports exercising regularly. Which adjustment should the nurse advise before exercise?
During a teaching session, the nurse explains the Somogyi effect and the dawn phenomenon to a patient with diabetes. What statement indicates correct understanding?
During a teaching session, the nurse explains the Somogyi effect and the dawn phenomenon to a patient with diabetes. What statement indicates correct understanding?
A patient with diabetes presents with nausea, abdominal pain, Kussmaul respirations, and a fruity odor on their breath. What condition is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
A patient with diabetes presents with nausea, abdominal pain, Kussmaul respirations, and a fruity odor on their breath. What condition is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
A patient with type 2 diabetes is consistently hyperglycemic despite lifestyle modifications. Which medication is typically initiated as a first-line treatment?
A patient with type 2 diabetes is consistently hyperglycemic despite lifestyle modifications. Which medication is typically initiated as a first-line treatment?
A patient with long-standing diabetes develops microalbuminuria. Which chronic complication is MOST likely developing?
A patient with long-standing diabetes develops microalbuminuria. Which chronic complication is MOST likely developing?
A patient presents with polydipsia, polyuria, and deep, rapid breathing. Which symptom is most indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A patient presents with polydipsia, polyuria, and deep, rapid breathing. Which symptom is most indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A patient with Type 2 diabetes is prescribed glipizide. Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding of this oral antidiabetic agent?
A patient with Type 2 diabetes is prescribed glipizide. Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding of this oral antidiabetic agent?
What is a key difference between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) regarding ketone production?
What is a key difference between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) regarding ketone production?
A conscious patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL and is able to swallow. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
A conscious patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL and is able to swallow. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
A nurse is teaching a patient about rapid-acting insulin. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A nurse is teaching a patient about rapid-acting insulin. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
Albuminuria is an early sign of what diabetes-related complication?
Albuminuria is an early sign of what diabetes-related complication?
A patient is about to eat breakfast. Which type of insulin should be administered to cover the glucose intake from the meal?
A patient is about to eat breakfast. Which type of insulin should be administered to cover the glucose intake from the meal?
A patient with type 2 diabetes starts a regular exercise program. How does exercise impact blood glucose levels and insulin sensitivity?
A patient with type 2 diabetes starts a regular exercise program. How does exercise impact blood glucose levels and insulin sensitivity?
Which of the following is the most important immediate nursing intervention for a patient presenting with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
Which of the following is the most important immediate nursing intervention for a patient presenting with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
Following a stroke, a patient exhibits impaired swallowing. What intervention is MOST appropriate to ensure patient safety during meals?
Following a stroke, a patient exhibits impaired swallowing. What intervention is MOST appropriate to ensure patient safety during meals?
A patient post-stroke is diagnosed with ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion. Which nursing intervention is MOST critical in the acute phase?
A patient post-stroke is diagnosed with ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion. Which nursing intervention is MOST critical in the acute phase?
A patient who has suffered a right-brain stroke is exhibiting impulsive behavior. What is the MOST appropriate nursing intervention?
A patient who has suffered a right-brain stroke is exhibiting impulsive behavior. What is the MOST appropriate nursing intervention?
A patient is suspected of having a stroke upon arrival to the emergency room. After the initial assessment, which diagnostic test is the PRIORITY to determine the type of stroke?
A patient is suspected of having a stroke upon arrival to the emergency room. After the initial assessment, which diagnostic test is the PRIORITY to determine the type of stroke?
A patient with a known history of seizures is observed to be in status epilepticus. What nursing intervention takes PRIORITY?
A patient with a known history of seizures is observed to be in status epilepticus. What nursing intervention takes PRIORITY?
A patient presents with signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following nursing interventions is CONTRAINDICATED?
A patient presents with signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following nursing interventions is CONTRAINDICATED?
A patient is being treated for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following assessment findings is indicative of Cushing's triad, a sign of severely increased ICP?
A patient is being treated for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following assessment findings is indicative of Cushing's triad, a sign of severely increased ICP?
Which dietary recommendation is MOST appropriate for the secondary prevention of stroke in a patient with hypertension and hyperlipidemia?
Which dietary recommendation is MOST appropriate for the secondary prevention of stroke in a patient with hypertension and hyperlipidemia?
A patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is being cared for. Besides administering medications, what is another nursing intervention to help decrease ICP?
A patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is being cared for. Besides administering medications, what is another nursing intervention to help decrease ICP?
To promote neurological recovery and minimize increases in ICP, which nursing action should be avoided?
To promote neurological recovery and minimize increases in ICP, which nursing action should be avoided?
Following a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, a patient is drowsy and confused. Which term BEST describes this state?
Following a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, a patient is drowsy and confused. Which term BEST describes this state?
A patient who has experienced a stroke is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention upon admission?
A patient who has experienced a stroke is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention upon admission?
What is the primary concern when managing a patient with a hemorrhagic stroke?
What is the primary concern when managing a patient with a hemorrhagic stroke?
A lumbar puncture is performed on a patient. What is the MAIN purpose of this procedure in the context of neurological assessment?
A lumbar puncture is performed on a patient. What is the MAIN purpose of this procedure in the context of neurological assessment?
A patient recovering from a stroke is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which intervention is MOST effective in preventing DVT in this patient population?
A patient recovering from a stroke is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which intervention is MOST effective in preventing DVT in this patient population?
A patient is admitted with a suspected stroke. Upon initial assessment, the nurse notes sudden onset of unilateral facial drooping and slurred speech. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A patient is admitted with a suspected stroke. Upon initial assessment, the nurse notes sudden onset of unilateral facial drooping and slurred speech. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Flashcards
Nursing Process
Nursing Process
A systematic approach to patient care involving assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Cancer
Cancer
A disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and defective differentiation.
TNM Staging
TNM Staging
Determines extent of cancer spread using T (tumor size), N (lymph node involvement), and M (metastasis).
Cancer Stage I
Cancer Stage I
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Palliative Care
Palliative Care
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Signup and view all the flashcards
Breast Cancer Risk Factors & Symptoms
Breast Cancer Risk Factors & Symptoms
Signup and view all the flashcards
OPQRSTUV
OPQRSTUV
Signup and view all the flashcards
Transitions in Care
Transitions in Care
Signup and view all the flashcards
Evaluation (Nursing)
Evaluation (Nursing)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Radiation Therapy
Radiation Therapy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Palliative Care Goal
Palliative Care Goal
Signup and view all the flashcards
Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression
Signup and view all the flashcards
Activity for Fatigue
Activity for Fatigue
Signup and view all the flashcards
Febrile Neutropenia Concern
Febrile Neutropenia Concern
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chronic Pain Strategy
Chronic Pain Strategy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Radiation Therapy Side Effect
Radiation Therapy Side Effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary Cause of Death in Cancer
Primary Cause of Death in Cancer
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nursing Role in Care Transitions
Nursing Role in Care Transitions
Signup and view all the flashcards
LEARN Model First Step
LEARN Model First Step
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Determinant of Health
Social Determinant of Health
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pain Assessment in Cognitively impaired patient
Pain Assessment in Cognitively impaired patient
Signup and view all the flashcards
COPD
COPD
Signup and view all the flashcards
Asthma
Asthma
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pneumonia
Pneumonia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Oxygen Therapy
Oxygen Therapy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lung Cancer
Lung Cancer
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pulse oximetry
Pulse oximetry
Signup and view all the flashcards
CT pulmonary angiography
CT pulmonary angiography
Signup and view all the flashcards
Salbutamol (Albuterol)
Salbutamol (Albuterol)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Montelukast
Montelukast
Signup and view all the flashcards
Early Lung Cancer Symptom
Early Lung Cancer Symptom
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tripod Position
Tripod Position
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pleural Effusion Assessment
Pleural Effusion Assessment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Preventing VAP
Preventing VAP
Signup and view all the flashcards
Purulent Sputum
Purulent Sputum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tension Pneumothorax Cause
Tension Pneumothorax Cause
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hypertension
Hypertension
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nonmodifiable HTN Risks
Nonmodifiable HTN Risks
Signup and view all the flashcards
Modifiable HTN Risks
Modifiable HTN Risks
Signup and view all the flashcards
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chronic Stable Angina
Chronic Stable Angina
Signup and view all the flashcards
Unstable Angina (UA)
Unstable Angina (UA)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Heart Failure (HF)
Heart Failure (HF)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Frank-Starling Mechanism
Frank-Starling Mechanism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Neurohormonal Activation
Neurohormonal Activation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Myocardial Hypertrophy
Myocardial Hypertrophy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diuretics
Diuretics
Signup and view all the flashcards
ACE Inhibitors
ACE Inhibitors
Signup and view all the flashcards
Beta-Blockers
Beta-Blockers
Signup and view all the flashcards
Salt and Fluid Restriction
Salt and Fluid Restriction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary cause of hypertension?
Primary cause of hypertension?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dysrhythmias
Dysrhythmias
Signup and view all the flashcards
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs)
Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib)
Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Stroke (CVA)
Stroke (CVA)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Stroke Symptoms (FAST)
Stroke Symptoms (FAST)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Right Brain Stroke
Right Brain Stroke
Signup and view all the flashcards
Left Brain Stroke
Left Brain Stroke
Signup and view all the flashcards
Early Signs of Increased ICP
Early Signs of Increased ICP
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cushing's Triad
Cushing's Triad
Signup and view all the flashcards
Seizure Phases
Seizure Phases
Signup and view all the flashcards
Status Epilepticus
Status Epilepticus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Airway Clearance
Airway Clearance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Aspiration Risk
Aspiration Risk
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impaired Physical Mobility
Impaired Physical Mobility
Signup and view all the flashcards
Risk for Skin Breakdown
Risk for Skin Breakdown
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ineffective Cerebral Tissue Perfusion
Ineffective Cerebral Tissue Perfusion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impaired Swallowing
Impaired Swallowing
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impaired Communication
Impaired Communication
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cushing’s Triad
Cushing’s Triad
Signup and view all the flashcards
DKA/HHS Symptoms
DKA/HHS Symptoms
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hypoglycemia Symptoms
Hypoglycemia Symptoms
Signup and view all the flashcards
Macrovascular Complications
Macrovascular Complications
Signup and view all the flashcards
Microvascular Complications
Microvascular Complications
Signup and view all the flashcards
Exercise Benefits (Diabetes)
Exercise Benefits (Diabetes)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Rapid-acting Insulin
Rapid-acting Insulin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Somogyi Effect
Somogyi Effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diabetes: Nursing Focus
Diabetes: Nursing Focus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM)
Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)
Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)
Signup and view all the flashcards
A1C
A1C
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Diagnostic Value
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Diagnostic Value
Signup and view all the flashcards
Random Blood Glucose Diagnostic Value
Random Blood Glucose Diagnostic Value
Signup and view all the flashcards
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) Diagnostic Value
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) Diagnostic Value
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Causes of DKA
Causes of DKA
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metformin
Metformin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Kussmaul Respirations
Kussmaul Respirations
Signup and view all the flashcards
HHS vs. DKA
HHS vs. DKA
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hypoglycemia Treatment
Hypoglycemia Treatment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lispro Insulin
Lispro Insulin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Exercise & Glucose
Exercise & Glucose
Signup and view all the flashcards
Diabetic Diet
Diabetic Diet
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Cancer treatment modalities
- Surgery sometimes combined with treatments aims at tumor removal
- Chemotherapy aims at systemic killing of cancer cells
- Radiation therapy uses high energy radiation to destroy cancer cells
- For blood cancers, bone marrow transplant replaces damaged bone marrow
- Hormonal therapy is suited for hormone sensitive cancers
- Palliative care focuses on comfort and symptom management
Nursing Management in Cancer Care
- Manage fatigue by encouraging rest, hydration, and nutrition
- Prevent infection, monitor neutropenia, and implement precautions
- Address skin reactions by caring for radiation burns and maintaining skin integrity
- Moderate GI effects through anti-emetics and dietary modifications
- Manage pulmonary effects by managing pneumonitis and fibrosis
Obstructive and metabolic emergencies in cancer
- Tumor pressing on the spinal cord leads to spinal cord compression
- Rapid cancer cell breakdown releasing toxins results in Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Obstruction of the superior vena cava results in Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Breast cancer
- Risk factors include age >60, family history, early menarche, late menopause, obesity, and hormone therapy
- Diagnosis occurs via mammography, biopsy, and hormone receptor status
- Treatment includes surgery like lumpectomy or mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal therapy
- Symptoms include a lump, nipple discharge, peau d'orange, and nipple retraction
Pain management
- Pain assessment uses OPQRSTUV:
- Onset
- Understanding
- Severity
- Region -Provocative/Palliative
- Values
- Quality
- Timing
- Types of pain include acute, chronic, and breakthrough
Respiratory assessment
- History includes smoking history (packs per day, years smoked), environmental exposures, and past respiratory diseases like COPD, asthma, TB, and pneumonia
- PQRST is used for symptom analysis:
- Cough: duration, sputum production
- Shortness of breath: with activity level
- Chest pain: associated with breathing
- Level of consciousness: is determined by orientation and what medications affecting breathing are being taken
###Diagnostic tests
- Radiology: CXR, CT scan, MRI, VQ scan, pulmonary angiography, PET scan,
- Endoscopic Exams: Bronchoscopy, lung biopsy, thoracentesis
- Blood Tests: Hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), arterial blood gases (ABGs)
- Pulmonary Function Tests: Spirometry, peak expiratory flow meter
- Pulse Oximetry measures SaO2
Obstructive vs. Restrictive Pulmonary Disease
- Restrictive diseases exhibit decreased lung compliance, limited expansion (pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema)
- Obstructive diseases exhibit increased airway resistance (asthma, COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- Symptoms: Chronic cough, sputum production, dyspnea, wheezing, barrel chest, cyanosis
- Risk Factors: Smoking, air pollution, infections, genetics
- Pathophysiology: characterized by Irreversible airflow limitations,
- Mucus hypersecretion, causing ciliary dysfunction
- Hyperinflation, causing abnormalites in gas exchange
- Complications: Cor pulmonale, acute exacerbations, respiratory failure,
Asthma
- Asthma attacks present with: wheezing, breathlessness, cough, and tight chest
- Triggers include allergens, exercise, and respiratory infections,
- Severe attacks result in a silent chest, PEFR <40%, RR >30/min, pulse >120/min
- Status Asthmaticus is life-threatening and unresponsive to treatment.
Pneumonia
- Symptoms: Fever, chills, dyspnea, productive or dry cough, pleuritic chest pain, crackles
- Types:
- Community-acquired (CAP)
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Hospital-acquired (HAP)
- Ventilator-associated (VAP)
- Complications: Pleural effusion, atelectasis, bacteremia
- Treatment: Antibiotics, hydration, oxygen therapy
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
- Blockage of pulmonary arteries, due to a thrombus, fat, or air embolus
- Symptoms manifest often include sudden dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, tachycardia, and/or hypoxia
- Treatment: Anticoagulants, thrombolytics, surgical removal
- Diagnostics: D-dimer test, CT pulmonary angiography,
Oxygen Therapy
- Methods: Nasal cannula, face mask, non-rebreather mask, mechanical ventilation
- Complications: Oxygen toxicity, carbon dioxide narcosis (COPD patients), infection risk
Lung Cancer
- Symptoms: Persistent cough, hemoptysis, weight loss, hoarseness,
- Risk Factors: Smoking as the primary concern, exposure to carcinogens such as air polution,
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy,
- The nursing process involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation
- Evaluation is the nursing process' final phase and assesses the effectiveness of interventions
- Lung Cancer treatment consists of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or targeted therapy
- Cancer Encompasses more than 200 diseases, all involving uncontrolled cell growth and defective differentiation,
- Cancer is caused by genetic mutations, carcinogens (chemical, radiation, viral, genetic factors), and lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol, and obesity
- Spinal Cord Compression involves a tumor pressing on the spinal cord
- Ensuring smooth transitions between care settings prevents medication errors and ensures continuity of care.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
