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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in developing an Emergency Management Plan?
Which section of the Emergency Management Plan provides facilities, services, personnel, equipment, and supplies during an incident?
What phase of Emergency Management involves restoring infrastructure and assisting affected individuals and communities?
Which aspect does the Chain of Command define within the Incident Command System (ICS)?
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Who is responsible for handling external communication during an emergency incident?
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Which phase of the Comprehensive Emergency Plan ensures identification of available resources and manpower?
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What is the primary responsibility of the Planning section in the Emergency Management Plan?
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During which phase of Emergency Management do organizations and individuals develop plans to respond effectively to emergencies?
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Which section of the Comprehensive Emergency Plan involves managing all tactical operations related to an incident?
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In the Incident Command System, which staff member coordinates with other agencies, organizations, and stakeholders?
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Study Notes
Concept of Disaster
- A disaster is a sudden disastrous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community.
- Disasters can be caused by natural and human hazards.
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)
- Provides support to countries to integrate disaster risk reduction (DRR) in their national development.
Disaster Risk and Resilience
- Disaster risk is the probability of harmful consequences or expected loss.
- Risk = Hazard * Exposure * Vulnerability.
- Resilience is the ability of individuals, communities, organizations, and systems to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity or disruptions.
Classification of Disasters
- Hazards: dangerous phenomena that may cause life loss, injuries, and other health impacts.
- Exposure: people, property, systems, or other elements present in a danger zone.
- Vulnerability: characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that makes it susceptible to physical and environmental conditions.
Effects of Disasters
- Primary effects: those coming directly from the incident itself.
- Secondary effects: stemming from the primary effects.
- Tertiary effects: the long-term effects of a hazard.
Emergency Management Cycle
- Prevention-Mitigation: activities aimed at reducing or eliminating the risk of hazards.
- Preparedness: developing plans to respond effectively to emergencies.
- Response: implementing the plans developed during the preparedness phase.
- Recovery: restoring infrastructure, to affected individuals and communities.
Emergency Management Plan
- A systematic plan that begins with setting up a planning team and defining a work plan.
- Produces an emergency plan or a comprehensive plan.
- Comprehensive plan should:
- Address all phases of emergency management.
- Take an all-hazard approach.
- Ensure that available manpower and resources are identified.
Incident Command System (ICS)
- A hierarchical structure that defines lines of authority and communication.
- Consists of:
- Command staff:
- Public Information Officer (PIO): handles external communication.
- Safety officer: monitors and assesses safety hazards and unsafe situations.
- Liaison officer: coordinates with other agencies, organizations, and stakeholders.
- General staff:
- Consists of four sections:
- Operation section: manages all tactical operations related to the incident.
- Planning section: develops and maintains the Incident Action Plan (IAP), gathers, and analyzes information.
- Logistics section: provides facilities, services, personnel, equipment, and supplies.
- Finance/administration section: handles financial and administrative aspects of the incident.
- Consists of four sections:
- Command staff:
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Description
Review concepts related to disaster risk reduction and resilience, including the definition of disaster, the role of UNISDR, factors aggravating risks such as climate change, and more.
