Dr. Samar Hesham Lecture #1: Computer Basics

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What is the main purpose of information technology (IT)?

To analyze and process raw data

To store, retrieve, and process any type of data

To facilitate decision making and planning (correct)

To achieve unlimited computational speed

Which technology is responsible for the discovery of meaningful information in large data volumes?

Artificial Intelligence

Big Data & Big Data Analytics (correct)

Computing Technology

Geographical Information System (GIS)

What is the main feature that makes a computer different from other devices?

Unlimited storage capacity

Ability to perform unlimited operations per second (correct)

Connectivity to other devices

High level of accuracy in processing data

What does an information system do with raw data?

Processes it to produce useful information Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is focused on intelligent software that learns and adapts?

Artificial Intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an information system?

To convert raw data into useful information Signup and view all the answers

What physical components comprise computer hardware?

CPU, main memory, secondary memory, input devices, and output devices Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the computer hardware is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations?

Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Control Unit in a CPU?

Decodes and executes instructions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of secondary memory?

CD drive Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of procedures in an information system?

Providing rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software, hardware, and data Signup and view all the answers

What type of data-storage capability does secondary memory usually have?

Semi-permanent Signup and view all the answers

Where are the rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software, hardware, and data typically documented?

In manuals written by computer specialists Signup and view all the answers

What stores information being processed by the CPU?

Main memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of network connection in computer hardware?

To enable communication via networking and Internet connection Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Internet?

To provide access to a global library of documents and resources Signup and view all the answers

Which networking technology is responsible for changing the way we communicate?

Wireless technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of interconnecting networks in internetworking?

To connect different networks Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of computer networks?

To enable connectivity and sharing of information Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the modem in a computer network?

To enable connectivity to the internet Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Cloud computing?

A technology that allows access to more resources and changes the way we communicate Signup and view all the answers

Which type of software enables application software to interact with computer hardware?

System software Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an embedded operating system?

Used by smartphones and tablets Signup and view all the answers

Which type of computer is capable of great processing speeds and data storage?

Mainframe computers Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an antivirus software?

Protect a computer from viruses and online threats Signup and view all the answers

What type of software is used to manage files stored in a file system?

File management tool Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes midrange computers (servers) from mainframe computers and personal computers (PCs)?

Processing capabilities less powerful than a mainframe computer Signup and view all the answers

Which type of personal computer is the least powerful yet the most widely used?

Desktop Signup and view all the answers

What type of software is responsible for managing the disk space, partitions, and format of a disk?

Disk management tool Signup and view all the answers

What are real-time operating systems (RTOS) used for?

Large and complex mathematical computations and large data storage Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes supercomputers from mainframe computers?

Most powerful computers used for large and complex mathematical computations and large data storage Signup and view all the answers