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Down Syndrome: Condition and Characteristics

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Down Syndrome: Condition and Characteristics

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of intellectual disability in the US according to the text?

Trisomy 13

Trisomy 18

Klinefelter Syndrome

Down Syndrome (correct)

What is the primary genetic anomaly that causes Down Syndrome?

Partial deletion of chromosome 21

Extra copy of chromosome 21 (correct)

Translocation of chromosome 22

Mutations in the genes on chromosome 14

What is the approximate incidence of Down Syndrome at birth for a 20-year-old mother?

1 in 5000

1 in 500

1 in 1000 (correct)

1 in 2000

What is a common physical characteristic of individuals with Down Syndrome?

Flattened nasal bridge Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of Down Syndrome in terms of brain development?

Reduced brain volume Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of Down Syndrome cases that result from translocation?

4-5% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for posture and balance problems in individuals with Down syndrome?

Reduced brain volume and smaller cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of movement patterns in individuals with severe Down syndrome?

Inefficient movement patterns with compensatory movements Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between movement patterns in individuals with mild and moderate Down syndrome?

Efficiency of movement patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the hippocampus in individuals with Down syndrome?

Long-term memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of joint mobility in individuals with Down syndrome?

Joint hypermobility due to ligamentous laxity Signup and view all the answers

What is the associated condition that can be present from childhood to adulthood in individuals with Down syndrome?

Cognitive impairment and intellectual disability Signup and view all the answers