Questions and Answers
What is the primary insertion point of the tibialis posterior tendon?
Which artery is considered the smaller terminal branch of the posterior tibial artery?
What structure surrounds the tendon of tibialis posterior?
Which muscle has both a transverse head and an oblique head?
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What do small tendinous slips of the tibialis posterior tendon connect to?
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What structure forms a blind tunnel in which the flexor tendons of the toe lie?
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Which tendon is NOT surrounded by a synovial sheath according to the provided information?
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Which of the following statements about the fibularis longus tendon is incorrect?
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What provides support to the digital synovial sheaths found in the foot?
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Where does the fibularis longus tendon insert within the foot?
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Which structure does the tendon of extensor digitorum longus pass deep to?
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What is the main action of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
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Which artery is NOT directly associated with the dorsum of the foot?
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Which nerve provides the primary nerve supply to the dorsum of the foot?
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Which of these muscles does NOT have its insertion on the toes?
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What is the origin of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
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What anatomical feature deepens the acetabulum in the hip joint?
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Which of the following statements about the deep fibular nerve is inaccurate?
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Which muscle is located in the first layer of the sole's muscles?
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Which of the following muscles is part of the third layer of the sole's muscles?
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What condition may be caused by repeated minor trauma to the sole?
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Which structure is primarily supported by the muscles of the sole?
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Which layer of the sole contains the long tendons from the leg compartments?
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Which muscle in the second layer of plantar muscles is responsible for supporting the arches of the foot?
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What is the primary function of the muscles in the sole of the foot?
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Which tendon crosses the tendon of flexor hallucis longus in the foot?
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Which muscle is NOT included in the third layer of the plantar muscles?
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Where does the flexor digitorum longus tendon enter the sole?
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Which of the following structures is part of the fourth layer of plantar muscles?
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What is the arrangement of flexor digitorum longus tendon in relation to flexor digitorum brevis?
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What role do the tendons from the posterior and lateral compartments of the leg play in the foot?
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Which nerve is primarily responsible for the sensory supply to the dorsum of the foot?
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What is the main blood drainage structure of the foot on the medial side?
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Which structure does the deep fibular nerve supply?
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What is the primary function of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
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What does the dorsal venous arch primarily collect from the toes?
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How does the extensor expansion function on the dorsum of the toes?
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Which nerve supplies the skin along the lateral side of the little toe?
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Where does the dorsal venous arch primarily lie?
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What common feature characterizes the skin on the dorsum of the foot?
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What is the primary function of the plantar aponeurosis?
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Which of the following nerves innervates the lateral third of the sole?
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Which muscle is NOT part of the first layer of the sole muscles?
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What condition is characterized by pain and tenderness in the sole of the foot?
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The calcaneal spur is a result of ossification occurring in which part of the body?
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How many slips does the base of the plantar aponeurosis divide into?
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Which of the following structures does NOT provide innervation to the foot?
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Which layer of the sole contains the flexor digitorum brevis?
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What is the primary action of the dorsal interossei muscles?
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Which nerves supply the plantar interossei muscles?
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Where does the medial plantar nerve primarily run in relation to the abductor hallucis muscle?
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Which of the following correctly describes the action of the plantar interossei muscles?
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What is the origin of the dorsal interossei muscles?
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How does the lateral plantar nerve diverge at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone?
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What is the nerve root supply for the dorsal interossei muscles?
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Which of the following statements about the medial plantar nerve is correct?
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What do the plantar metatarsal arteries primarily supply?
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Which can be compared to the distribution of the lateral plantar nerve?
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What is NOT a function of the medial plantar nerve?
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What vessel forms behind the medial malleolus from the medial and lateral plantar veins?
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What is the primary action of the tibialis posterior tendon?
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Where do the plantar digital nerves branch from?
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Study Notes
Dorsal Aspect of the Right Foot
- Extensor hallucis brevis assists in big toe extension; lacks connection to the fifth digit.
- Extensor digitorum longus tendon travels beneath the superior extensor retinaculum, part of the plantar arterial arch.
- Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve penetrates the dorsum by passing deep to the extensor retinacula adjacent to the dorsalis pedis artery.
Key Arteries and Structures
- Arteries: Anterior tibial artery, lateral tarsal artery, arcuate artery, dorsalis pedis artery, first dorsal metatarsal artery.
- Retinacula: Superior and inferior extensor retinacula provide support and guide tendon paths.
Dorsum Muscle Details
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Extensor digitorum brevis:
- Originates from the calcaneum and inferior extensor retinaculum.
- Inserts via four tendons into proximal phalanges and long extensor tendons of adjacent toes.
- Innervated by the deep fibular nerve (S1, S2).
- Functions to extend toes.
Joints and Their Connections
- Major joints: Hip, knee, ankle; tarsal joints connect individual tarsal bones.
- Acetabulum: Horseshoe-shaped articular surface, deepened by the acetabular labrum.
Muscles of the Sole
- Divided into four layers:
- First Layer: Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi.
- Second Layer: Quadratus plantae, lumbricals, flexor tendon components.
- Third Layer: Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis.
- Fourth Layer: Interossei, tendons of fibularis longus and tibialis posterior.
Nerve Supply and Venous Drainage
- Medial Plantar Nerve: Branch of the tibial nerve; innervates surrounding muscles and provides cutaneous branches to medial three and half toes.
- Lateral Plantar Nerve: Also a branch of the tibial nerve; supplies lateral sole and divides into superficial and deep branches.
- Dorsal Venous Arch: Drains foot blood via digital and communicating veins, connecting to great and small saphenous veins.
Cutaneous Nerve Supply
- Skin on the dorsum: Supplied mainly by superficial fibular nerve, with contributions from deep fibular, saphenous, and sural nerves.
- Sensory distribution mirrors the vascular supply, with distinct areas for each nerve branch.
Tendons and Synovial Sheaths
- Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon: Enters the sole posteriorly, underlying the flexor retinaculum, inserting into the distal phalanges of toes.
- Fibularis Longus Tendon: Runs from lateral malleolus across the sole to the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal base.
Plantar Fasciitis
- Condition caused by prolonged standing or walking, leading to pain and possible ossification forming a calcaneal spur.
Plantar Aponeurosis
- Thickening of deep fascia protecting underlying structures; spans from calcaneum to toe slips, assisting in foot stability.
Foot Functionality
- The foot's arch structure supports body weight and enhances leverage for ambulation activities.
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Description
Explore the anatomy and key structures related to the dorsal aspect of the right foot in this quiz. Learn about the extensor muscles, various arteries, and the roles of the nerves in foot movement. Test your knowledge on the various tendons and joints involved.