CH 5: Introduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the Doppler Effect?

  • The change in volume of a wave
  • The change in color of a wave
  • The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave due to relative motion (correct)
  • The change in speed of a wave
  • In which situation is no Doppler shift observed?

  • When the source is moving towards the observer
  • When the source is moving away from the observer
  • When the source is stationary and the observer is stationary (correct)
  • When the source changes its frequency
  • How does the frequency change when a source moves towards an observer?

  • The source stops emitting waves
  • Frequency remains constant
  • Frequency increases (correct)
  • Frequency decreases
  • What practical applications does the Doppler Effect have?

    <p>Astronomy, meteorology, and medical imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the Doppler Effect be demonstrated using a tuning fork?

    <p>By swinging the activated tuning fork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to wave fronts when a source moves away from an observer?

    <p>Wavefronts expand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when a passing ambulance's siren changes pitch?

    <p>'Doppler shift' in pitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Doppler shift' occurs due to __________.

    <p>'Compression' of wavefronts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Doppler Effect' is NOT applicable in __________.

    <p>'Cooking recipes'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Doppler Effect' can be demonstrated using __________ and string.

    <p>'A tuning fork'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the perceived frequency when an observer moves towards a stationary sound source?

    <p>The perceived frequency increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct mathematical formulation for the observed frequency (fL) in relation to the source's frequency (fS)?

    <p>fL = (v ± vS / v ± vL) * fS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a source is moving towards a stationary listener, what sign should be used for vS in the Doppler Effect formula?

    <p>Negative (-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the perceived frequency when both the source and the listener are stationary?

    <p>The perceived frequency remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which field does the Doppler Effect have significant applications for medical diagnostics?

    <p>Ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of using the Doppler Effect in medical diagnostics?

    <p>It allows for non-invasive monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign convention should be used for vL if the listener is moving away from a stationary source?

    <p>Negative (-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the perceived frequency when a source moves away from a stationary listener?

    <p>The perceived frequency decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which field is the Doppler Effect crucial for interpreting and analyzing situations involving moving wave sources and observers?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sign convention for vS if the source is moving away from the listener?

    <p>Positive (+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sign convention for the source velocity $v_S$ when the source is moving towards the listener?

    <p>Negative (-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a listener is moving towards a stationary source, what happens to the perceived frequency?

    <p>The perceived frequency increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Doppler Effect formula $f_L = \left(\frac{v \pm v_S}{v \pm v_L}\right) f_S$, what does the variable $v$ represent?

    <p>The speed of sound in the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign convention should be used for the listener velocity $v_L$ if the listener is moving away from a stationary source?

    <p>Negative (-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Doppler Effect, what happens to the perceived frequency when both the source and the listener are stationary?

    <p>The perceived frequency remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of using the Doppler Effect in medical diagnostics?

    <p>It enables non-invasive monitoring of blood flow speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a source is moving away from a stationary listener, what sign should be used for $v_S$ in the Doppler Effect formula?

    <p>Positive (+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when a passing ambulance's siren changes pitch?

    <p>The Doppler Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is no Doppler shift observed?

    <p>When both the source and the listener are stationary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the perceived frequency when a source moves away from a stationary listener?

    <p>The perceived frequency decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the observed change in frequency or wavelength in the Doppler Effect?

    <p>The relative motion between the source and the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation does the Doppler Effect result in a higher observed frequency?

    <p>When the source is moving towards the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the wave fronts when the source moves away from the observer?

    <p>The wave fronts are expanded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios illustrates the Doppler Effect in everyday life?

    <p>The change in pitch of a passing ambulance siren</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which field is the Doppler Effect particularly useful for detecting and measuring the motion of celestial objects?

    <p>Astronomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Doppler Effect in medical imaging techniques like ultrasound and echocardiography?

    <p>It allows for the detection of blood flow and heart valve motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the relative speed between the source and the observer in the Doppler Effect?

    <p>It determines the magnitude of the frequency shift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which field is the Doppler Effect utilized to measure wind speeds and detect severe weather patterns?

    <p>Meteorology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using the Doppler Effect in medical diagnostics?

    <p>It provides a non-invasive method for imaging and measuring blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would the Doppler Effect not be observed?

    <p>A stationary source emitting waves towards a stationary observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor that determines the perceived frequency in the Doppler Effect?

    <p>The relative speed between the source and the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an observer moves towards a stationary sound source, what happens to the perceived frequency?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would no Doppler shift be observed?

    <p>A stationary source with a stationary observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the frequency change when a source moves away from an observer?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to the perceived frequency if both the source and the listener are moving towards each other at equal speeds?

    <p>It would remain constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the magnitude of the Doppler shift in frequency?

    <p>The speed of relative motion between source and observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an observer is moving in the same direction as a moving sound source, how does this affect the perceived frequency?

    <p>It remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation does the Doppler Effect result in a lower observed frequency?

    <p>A moving source approaching a stationary listener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in the speed of sound have on the perceived frequency during the Doppler Effect?

    <p>No effect on perceived frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a stationary listener detects a sound from a moving observer, what is a possible consequence for the detected wavelength compared to the emitted wavelength?

    <p>Detected wavelength is equal to emitted wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Doppler Effect formula, what does the term $(v \pm v_S)$ represent?

    <p>The relative speed between the source and the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an observer is moving towards a stationary source at a speed of 20 m/s, and the speed of sound in the medium is 340 m/s, what is the observed frequency ($f_L$) in terms of the source frequency ($f_S$)?

    <p>$f_L = \frac{340}{320} f_S$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of medical ultrasound, what information does the Doppler Effect provide?

    <p>The speed of blood flow in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a source is moving towards an observer at a speed of 30 m/s, and the speed of sound in the medium is 340 m/s, what sign convention should be used for $v_S$ in the Doppler Effect formula?

    <p>Negative (-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of astrophysics, how is the Doppler Effect used to study celestial objects?

    <p>To determine the motion and velocity of stars and galaxies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the perceived frequency when both the source and the observer are moving towards each other?

    <p>The perceived frequency is higher than the source frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Doppler Effect formula, if the observer is stationary ($v_L = 0$) and the source is moving away from the observer ($v_S > 0$), what is the observed frequency ($f_L$) in terms of the source frequency ($f_S$)?

    <p>$f_L = \frac{v - v_S}{v} f_S$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radar technology, how is the Doppler Effect utilized?

    <p>To determine the speed and direction of moving objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a source is moving away from an observer at a speed of 50 m/s, and the speed of sound in the medium is 340 m/s, what is the observed frequency ($f_L$) in terms of the source frequency ($f_S$)?

    <p>$f_L = \frac{290}{340} f_S$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of meteorology, how is the Doppler Effect applied?

    <p>To measure wind speeds and detect severe weather patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

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