Questions and Answers
What is the therapeutic class of Dolutegravir?
Antiretroviral
What is the pharmacologic class of Dolutegravir?
Integrase strand transfer inhibitor
What actions and uses does Dolutegravir have?
Approved in 2013, it inhibits HIV integrase, blocking retroviral DNA strand transfer, interrupting HIV replication.
Dolutegravir may be taken with or without ______.
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Dolutegravir should be avoided during lactation.
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What are some common adverse effects of Dolutegravir?
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Dolutegravir is contraindicated for patients with severe chronic kidney disease.
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What should be monitored due to potential interactions when taking Dolutegravir?
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What is the recommended timing for administering Dolutegravir with calcium-containing supplements?
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Study Notes
Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay) Overview
- Therapeutic class: Antiretroviral medication aimed at treating HIV.
- Pharmacologic class: Integrase strand transfer inhibitor, which blocks the integration of retroviral DNA into the host genome.
Actions and Uses
- Approved for use in 2013, dolutegravir is an effective agent against HIV.
- Inhibits HIV integrase, disrupting the replication cycle of the virus.
- Recognized for fewer drug interactions and increased resistance barriers compared to other integrase inhibitors.
- Utilized in combination therapy with various antiretroviral drugs.
- Suitable for both adults and children, it is a preferred option for treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients.
- Available as fixed-dose combinations: Juluca (with rilpivirine) and Triumeq (with abacavir and lamivudine).
Administration Alerts
- Can be taken with or without food.
- Associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in infants if taken during the first trimester of pregnancy; use is advised only if benefits surpass risks.
- Contraindicated during lactation.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include insomnia, fatigue, and headache.
- Less common effects entail hypersensitivity reactions and hepatotoxicity.
- May lead to increased cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
- Risk of neuropsychiatric issues like depression, suicidal thoughts, and anxiety.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) or hepatic impairment.
Interactions
- Increased metabolism and reduced effectiveness when used with efavirenz, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital.
- Nevirapine may elevate blood levels of dolutegravir.
- Concurrent use with dofetilide is contraindicated.
- Monitoring of total cholesterol and triglycerides is recommended due to potential increases.
- Administer dolutegravir 2 hours before or 6 hours after calcium-supplementing medications.
- No specific treatment exists for dolutegravir overdose.
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Description
Explore the essential information about Dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay), an integrase strand transfer inhibitor used in HIV treatment. This quiz covers its actions, uses, administration alerts, and combination therapies. Learn about its effectiveness and safety for both adults and children.
