Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of a stub zone?
What is the purpose of a stub zone?
What type of DNS zone has a read-only copy of zone data?
What type of DNS zone has a read-only copy of zone data?
What is the purpose of DNS zone replication?
What is the purpose of DNS zone replication?
What is the difference between primary and secondary zones?
What is the difference between primary and secondary zones?
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What is the purpose of active directory integrated zones?
What is the purpose of active directory integrated zones?
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What is required for active directory integrated zones to replicate DNS zone information?
What is required for active directory integrated zones to replicate DNS zone information?
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What is the difference between a primary zone and an active directory integrated zone?
What is the difference between a primary zone and an active directory integrated zone?
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What is the purpose of a primary zone?
What is the purpose of a primary zone?
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What type of DNS zone is used for reverse DNS lookups?
What type of DNS zone is used for reverse DNS lookups?
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What is the purpose of DNS caching?
What is the purpose of DNS caching?
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What is the primary function of a secondary zone in DNS?
What is the primary function of a secondary zone in DNS?
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What type of DNS record is used to specify a service on a specific host or port?
What type of DNS record is used to specify a service on a specific host or port?
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What is the main purpose of DNSSEC?
What is the main purpose of DNSSEC?
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What type of DNS zone is used to integrate DNS with Active Directory?
What type of DNS zone is used to integrate DNS with Active Directory?
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What is the purpose of a stub zone in DNS?
What is the purpose of a stub zone in DNS?
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What is the minimum number of domain controllers required per domain?
What is the minimum number of domain controllers required per domain?
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What is the purpose of a domain controller in Active Directory?
What is the purpose of a domain controller in Active Directory?
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What is the purpose of a forest in Active Directory?
What is the purpose of a forest in Active Directory?
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What is the purpose of root hints in a DNS server?
What is the purpose of root hints in a DNS server?
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What is the primary difference between Active Directory-integrated zones and traditional DNS zones?
What is the primary difference between Active Directory-integrated zones and traditional DNS zones?
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What is the purpose of DNS zone replication?
What is the purpose of DNS zone replication?
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What type of DNS zone is used to make all changes?
What type of DNS zone is used to make all changes?
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What is the purpose of a forward zone in a DNS server?
What is the purpose of a forward zone in a DNS server?
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What is the purpose of a reverse zone in a DNS server?
What is the purpose of a reverse zone in a DNS server?
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What is the main benefit of using DNS zone replication?
What is the main benefit of using DNS zone replication?
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What is the main difference between DNS zone replication and DNS forwarding?
What is the main difference between DNS zone replication and DNS forwarding?
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What is the purpose of DNS zone types?
What is the purpose of DNS zone types?
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What is the main benefit of using Active Directory-integrated zones?
What is the main benefit of using Active Directory-integrated zones?
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Study Notes
DNS Fundamentals
- A DNS record is a part of a zone that contains information about a domain.
- Types of DNS records:
- A record: IPv4 host address record.
- PTR record: pointer record (reverse of A).
- SOA record: Start of Authority (contains data to control the zone transfer).
- CNAME record: alias record.
- NS record: name server record (contains name of authoritative name server in a DNS zone).
- AAAA record: IPv6 host address record.
- SRV record: service record, specifies host and port for specific services.
DNS Zone Types
- Primary zone: zone where all changes are made, has read/write copy of zone data, and located in c:\windows\system32\dns.
- Secondary zone: zone where primary replicates to, can't process updates from client computers, and has read-only copy of zone data.
- Stub zone: contains data of another zone for search purpose, used to find the right server containing the zone instead of searching every server for a specific zone.
- Active directory integrated zones: replicates DNS zone info using AD DS replication, every domain controller needs DNS enabled, and can only replicate from 1 integrated zone to another.
DNS Dynamic Updates
- None: records are manually added.
- Nonsecure and secure: clients can perform updates.
- Secure only: AD domain clients can perform updates.
DNS Name Resolution
- DNS Recursive query: a query sent to a local DNS server that requires a complete answer from the server (entire FQDN or entire IP address).
- DNS Iterative query: queries sent to different DNS servers to find the answer to the recursive query.
DNS Caching
- Temporarily stores info about previous DNS lookups and stores them on the DNS server.
- Located in c:\windows\system32\dns.
Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)
- On-premise hosted directory that connects all computers to a local directory called domain.
- Centralizes and simplifies administration of users that are domain-joined.
- Domain: group of objects (users, ...) that share the same AD database.
Domain Controller
- Runs AD DS and holds a copy of the database.
- Replicates changes with other DC's.
- Used for authenticating users and determining access.
- Minimum of 2 DCs per domain for redundancy.
AD Database
- Stores all objects.
- 1 Domain controller is needed to create AD database.
- Objects have attributes (username, password, email, ...).
- 2 types of objects: containers and leaf.
AD DS Structure
- Trees: group of domains, 2-way trust between parent and child, child inherits from parent.
- Forest: group of AD trees, all domains in tree share same schema, Global Catalog.
DNSSEC
- Security for DNS zone.
- Zone and all records in it are asymmetric encrypted (public and private key).
- Public key is in Trust Point folder on DNS server.
- Not confidential for data.
- Assures clients that the DNS in use is a valid one and not a hacker.
DHCP
- Automatically gives an IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, domain name, and DNS server to end devices.
- Minimizes errors caused by static IP.
- Reduces network administration.
- Optional feature in Windows Server.
- UDP port: 67, 68.
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Description
Learn about DNS zones, records, and types, including primary zones, forward zones, and reverse zones. Understand how DNS resolves hostnames to IP addresses and vice versa.
