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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
What is the primary purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
What is the purpose of a country-specific domain (e.g. .uk, .ca, .jp)?
What is the purpose of a country-specific domain (e.g. .uk, .ca, .jp)?
Which of the following is an example of a hierarchical name space in the Domain Name System?
Which of the following is an example of a hierarchical name space in the Domain Name System?
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What type of record is stored on a DNS name server?
What type of record is stored on a DNS name server?
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What is the primary function of a DNS name resolver?
What is the primary function of a DNS name resolver?
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What is the role of an authoritative nameserver?
What is the role of an authoritative nameserver?
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How can the top-level domain server be thought of?
How can the top-level domain server be thought of?
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What is the purpose of the domain name system (DNS)?
What is the purpose of the domain name system (DNS)?
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What is the relationship between the top-level domain (TLD) server and a hostname?
What is the relationship between the top-level domain (TLD) server and a hostname?
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What is the purpose of the domain name system (DNS) in the context of the internet?
What is the purpose of the domain name system (DNS) in the context of the internet?
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What is the relationship between the top-level domain (TLD) server and the domain name system (DNS)?
What is the relationship between the top-level domain (TLD) server and the domain name system (DNS)?
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What is the primary purpose of a name server?
What is the primary purpose of a name server?
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What are the two main types of name resolvers?
What are the two main types of name resolvers?
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How does the DNS recursion process work?
How does the DNS recursion process work?
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Which analogy best describes the role of the root name server?
Which analogy best describes the role of the root name server?
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What is the purpose of the TLD (Top-Level Domain) name server?
What is the purpose of the TLD (Top-Level Domain) name server?
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Which component of the DNS system is responsible for receiving queries from client machines?
Which component of the DNS system is responsible for receiving queries from client machines?
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Study Notes
Domain Name System (DNS)
- DNS translates domain names to IP addresses, enabling browsers to load Internet resources.
- DNS consists of 4 components: Domain Name, Name Space, Name Server, and Name Resolver.
Domain Name
- A domain name is a string of text that maps to an alphanumeric IP address, used to access a website from client software.
- Examples: google.com, youtube.com
- A domain name consists of 3 parts:
- Generic Domain (e.g., .com, .edu)
- Country Domain (e.g., .us, .uk)
- Inverse Domain (maps an address to a name)
Name Space
- 2 types of Name Spaces:
- Flat Name Space (all nodes are directly connected to the root node, no structure)
- Hierarchical Name Space (nodes are connected with different partitions, e.g., top-level domain, level domain, and third-level domain)
Name Server
- A DNS name server is a server that stores DNS records and is known as the "phonebook of the internet".
- Types of records stored in a Name Server:
- Address record
- Name Server record
- Mail Exchanger record, etc.
- Purpose of a Name Server: to connect URLs with IP addresses of web servers, with authority and responsibility for operation.
Name Resolver
- A client software that maps a domain name to an IP address and vice versa.
- 2 types of Name Resolvers:
- Mapping a domain name to an address
- Mapping an address to a domain name
- 2 methods used for Name Resolvers:
- Recursive method
- Iterative method
How DNS Works
- A DNS query involves 4 servers: Dns Recursor, Root Nameservers, Tld Nameservers, and Authoritative Nameservers.
- Each server works together to provide the correct IP address to the client.
DNS Servers
- DNS Recursor: a server designed to receive queries from client machines, responsible for making additional requests to satisfy the client's DNS query.
- Root Nameservers: the first step in translating human-readable host names into IP addresses, serves as a reference to other more specific locations.
- Tld Nameservers: hosts the last portion of a hostname, e.g., "com" in example.com.
- Authoritative Nameservers: the final step in the search for a specific IP address, hosts the last portion of a hostname.
Evolution of the Web
- The World Wide Web (WWW) refers to all public websites or pages that users can access on their local computers and other devices through the internet.
- Web 1.0 (1989-2005): "The Static Web", a read-only web, primarily used for interactive structure.
- Web 2.0 (2005+): "The Writable Web", a read-write web, marked a shift in how the World Wide Web was used, with social media, blogs, and wikis becoming popular.
- Sir Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist, created the World Wide Web in 1989.
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Description
Test your knowledge on DNS (Domain Name System) and domain names. Learn about the components of DNS, how domain names work, and the different parts of a domain.
