DNA Viruses: Types and Characteristics

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Questions and Answers

Which virus is primarily associated with respiratory illnesses?

  • Poxvirus
  • Hepadnavirus
  • Adenovirus (correct)
  • Parvovirus

Hepatitis B is caused by which type of virus?

  • Hepadnavirus (correct)
  • Parvovirus
  • Poxvirus
  • Adenovirus

Which virus is the largest DNA virus?

  • Adenovirus
  • Hepadnavirus
  • Poxvirus (correct)
  • Parvovirus

What disease does the B19 virus cause?

<p>Fifth disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve does Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HHV-1) remain latent in?

<p>Trigeminal nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Genital herpes is commonly caused by which virus?

<p>Herpes Simplex 2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from the reactivation of latent Varicella-Zoster Virus (HHV-3)?

<p>Shingles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by which virus?

<p>Epstein-Barr Virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is most commonly transmitted during pregnancy?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is associated with sixth disease?

<p>HHV 6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is smallest?

<p>Parvovirus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illnesses is NOT typically associated with Adenovirus?

<p>Hepatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Varicella?

<p>Chickenpox (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for HHV 4?

<p>Epstein-Barr Virus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Poxvirus is primarily known for causing?

<p>Smallpox (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adenoviruses primarily affect the?

<p>Respiratory system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is commonly transmitted through body fluids such as blood, semen, and urine?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which illness is known as “kissing disease”?

<p>Mononucleosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus may cause cold sores or fever blisters?

<p>Herpes Simplex 1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus type includes the Variola virus?

<p>Poxvirus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HHV-3 is also known as:

<p>Varicella-Zoster Virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herpes whitlow is characterized by vesicles forming on:

<p>Fingers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is the causative agent of shingles?

<p>Varicella-Zoster Virus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After initial infection, the varicella-zoster virus can remain dormant in:

<p>The dorsal root ganglion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with mononucleosis should avoid:

<p>Contact sports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In whom does CMV typically cause the most serious health issues?

<p>Immunocompromised patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for 5th disease?

<p>Erythema infectiosum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common illness caused by adenoviruses?

<p>Respiratory Illnesses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmitted?

<p>Through transplanted tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals infected with EBV might need to limit certain activities to prevent:

<p>Splenic rupture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases has been globally eradicated?

<p>Smallpox (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cold sores are caused by

<p>HHV-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shingles is a reactivation of:

<p>HHV-3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus remains latent in the dorsal nerve root?

<p>Varicella-Zoster Virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus can be transmitted sexually?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these viruses is known to cause fever blisters?

<p>HHV 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body does Herpes Whitlow form?

<p>fingers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what nerve does HHV-2 remain latent?

<p>sacral nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for Varicella?

<p>chickenpox (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Adenovirus

Primarily causes respiratory illnesses but can also cause gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, and rashes.

Hepadnavirus

Causes Hepatitis B, a liver infection.

Poxvirus

The largest DNA virus, responsible for smallpox which was eradicated in 1981.

Parvovirus

The smallest DNA virus, B19 causes fifth disease (erythema infectiosum).

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Herpes Simplex 1 (HHV-1)

Causes cold sores or fever blisters (vesicles on lips). Remains latent in the trigeminal nerve.

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Herpes Simplex 2 (HHV-2)

Causes genital herpes and encephalitis. Remains latent in the sacral nerve and is carcinogenic.

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Varicella-Zoster Virus (HHV-3, VZV)

Causes Varicella (chickenpox) and Shingles (herpes zoster) upon reactivation. Remains latent in dorsal nerve root.

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Epstein-Barr Virus (HHV-4, EBV)

Causes infectious mononucleosis (Mono, Glandular Fever, Kissing disease). Common in young adults and is carcinogenic.

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV, HHV-5)

Often asymptomatic or mild infection, but severe in immunocompromised patients. Most common virus transmitted during pregnancy.

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Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)

Causes sixth disease.

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Study Notes

  • There are multiple types of DNA viruses, including Adenovirus, Hepadnavirus, Poxvirus, Parvovirus, Herpesvirus, Papillomavirus, and Polyomavirus.

Adenovirus

  • Primarily causes respiratory illnesses.
  • Can also result in gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, and rashes.

Hepadnavirus

  • Causes Hepatitis B.

Poxvirus

  • The largest DNA virus.
  • Variola virus, which caused smallpox, was eradicated in 1981, as announced by the WHO.

Parvovirus

  • The smallest DNA virus.
  • B19 causes fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum.

Herpesvirus

  • Includes several types such as Herpes Simplex 1 and 2, Varicella-Zoster Virus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Human herpes virus 6, 7, and 8.

Herpes Simplex 1 (HHV-1)

  • Causes cold sores or fever blisters which appear as vesicles on the lips.
  • May also cause herpes whitlow, characterized by vesicles on the fingers.
  • It remains latent in the trigeminal nerve.

Herpes Simplex 2 (HHV-2)

  • Causes genital herpes and encephalitis.
  • It remains latent in the sacral nerve.
  • It is carcinogenic.

Varicella-Zoster Virus (HHV-3, VZV)

  • Remains latent in the dorsal nerve root.
  • Causes varicella, commonly known as chickenpox.
  • Reactivation of latent HHV-3 results in shingles, also known as herpes zoster
  • Shingles are more common in people over 50 years old.

Epstein-Barr Virus (HHV-4, EBV)

  • Causes infectious mononucleosis, also known as Mono, Glandular Fever, or the Kissing disease.
  • More common in young adults.
  • Avoid contact sports if infected.
  • It is carcinogenic.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV, HHV-5)

  • Infections can be asymptomatic or mild.
  • Causes severe infection in immunocompromised patients.
  • Most common virus transmitted during pregnancy.
  • Transmitted sexually, through bodily fluids like blood, semen, urine, milk, or via transplanted tissues.
  • It is carcinogenic.

Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6)

  • Causes sixth disease.

HHV-7 & HHV-8

  • Both are carcinogenic.

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